Organic Compounds
Amino Group
Functional Group of an Amino Acid
carboxyl group
Functional group of Amino Acids and Fatty Acids
Polysaccharide
Many monosaccharides linked together
Glucose
Monosaccharide, a simple form of carbohydrate. used for respiration
Carbohydrates
Organic compounds that are used for energy, contain a H:O of 2:1, composed of ring like structures
organic compounds
formed by carbon and hydrogen atoms; carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
Macromolecules
very large molecules found in cells.
Dehydration Synthesis
-water is lost - taking simple molecules and making them complex
monosaccharide
...
Peptide bond
Bond between amino acids
Hydrolysis
Breakdown of complex molecules into simple molecules by adding water, ex: Digestion
Hydrolysis
Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water
Dehydration Synthesis
Combining simple molecules to make complex molecules.
nucleic acids
DNA, RNA;
monomer
a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers
Amino Acids
basic building blocks of proteins
mono-saccharides
basic unit of carbohydrates that contain only 1 sugar molecule
lipids
energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; fatty acids
Triglycerides
fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol
Triglyceride
made up of 3 fatty acid chains and a glycerol
polysaccharides
many mono saccharides linked together
polymer
many monomers that are linked together
Nucleotide
monomer that makes up DNA (nucleic acid)
D.N.A
nucleic acid determine heredity
R.N.A
nucleic acid used for protein sythesis
proteins
nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Cellulose
polysaccharide composed of nonliving material that makes up the cell wall of a plant cell
Starch
polysaccharide, how plants store extra sugar
Enzymes
proteins that act as biological catalysts
Di-saccharides
two mono saccharides linked together
Fatty Acids
unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids