Participatory Democracy

First mode of Representation: Trustees

A representative that should be reasonably aware of his or her constituents needs but must always use personal judgment when acting

Second mode of Representation: Delegates

A representative that will make a choice based on what his or her constituents prefer regardless of personal beliefs or judgment

Third mode of Representation: Politicos

A representative who will act as a delegate when three conditions are met: 1) Constituents are reasonably inform on the issue at hand 2) Constituents are expressive or action 3)Constituents are reasonably unified. But will act as a trustee when his or her constituents are: Misinformed, not active, divisive

Meaning of democracy?

A way of making choices through the establishment of a consensus by way of participation

Goals?

Decrease political apathy among citizens

Third Component of Participatory DemocracyState and Civil Society

I) Staunch advocates of the social contract theory but their own conceptualization of it. II) They believe that the only contract they made was for a creation of society and not government. Meaning the citizens are still the governors and embodied within it is sovereignty,

Means?

Increase political efficacy

Difference from other perspectives?

Other approaches negate the effects of political apathy. Believing it to be a non-negative attribute.

How is a maximization of political efficacy achieved?

Participation

First component of Participatory Democracy

Popular Sovereignty

Political Efficacy

Process whereby individuals understand the nature of the decision making process and partakes in it and the system is responsive.

Second Component of Participatory Democracy

Representation

Fourth Component of Participatory Democracy: The General will and The will of all

Tabulation of preferences Result of more participation

Popular Sovereignty

The source of legal authority originates within the citizens