Past Multiple Choice Questions on Quizzes - Semester Test Edition
What does interphase consist of?
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
A segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait
Gene
Which of the following does not occur in prophase I of meiosis? a. cytokinesis b. tetrad formation c. synapsis d. crossing over e. condensation of chromatin
A
An animal with a diploid number of 36 will have ___ chromosomes in its gametes and ____ chromosomes in its somatic cells.
18; 36
The separation of homologous pair of chromosomes takes place during:
Anaphase I of meiosis
During which stage of meiosis do sister chromatids seperate?
Anaphase II
If a parent cell has 16 chromosmes, how many sister chromatids will be present after duplication of chromosmes? a. 64 b. 32 c. 16 d. 8 e. 4
B
Which of the follwing statements is false? a. Homologous chromosomes do not pair during mitosis. b. genes and chromosomes are duplicated during prophase c. there is a specific number of chromosomes for each species d. new nuclei are formed duirng telophas e. all of these
B
"The nuclear envelope breaks completely into numerous tiny, flattened vesicles. Now the chromosomes are free to interact with microtubules that are extending toward them, from the poles of the forming spindle." These sentences describes the ____________ of mitosis. A. prophase B. metaphase C. prometaphase D. anaphase E. telophase
C
Which of the following does NOT produce variation? a. crossing over b. random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis c. asexual reproduction d. genetic recombination of alleles e. sexual reproduction
C
A molecule of DNA that contains many genes
Chromosomes
Each histone-DNA spool is a single structural unit called a ______________. A. Kinetochore B. Motor protein C. Centromeres D. Nucleosome
D
Which of the following is not true of human chromosomes a. the haploid number is 23 b. the diploid number is 46 c. there are 23 pairs of chromosomes d. human gametes end up with 2 of each type of 23 chromosomes e. human gametes end up with 1 of each type of 23 chromosomes
D
Law of Segregation
Diploid cells have pairs of genes, on pairs of homologous chromosomes. The 2 genes of each pair are separated form each other during meiosis, so they end up in different gametes. My definition: 2 factors for the same traits
When a cell undergoes mitosis, a. the daughter cells have identical genes. b. the daughter cell has genes identical to those of the mother cell that produced it c. the amount of cytoplasm in the mother cell and in each of the daughter cells is equal. d. there is an exact duplication and division of all of the organelles between daughter cells. e. the daughter cells have identical genes and the daughter cell has genes identical to those of the mother cell that produced it.
E
Dihybrid Cross:
Examines the results for two traits - solved with a 16 square Punnett - Gives you mendelian genetics ratios ( 9:3:3:1, 4:4:4:4, 8:0:8:0, 6:2:6:2, & 12:0:4:0)
Law of Independent Assortment
Genes on one pair of homologous chromosomes are sorted out for distribution into one gamete or another independently of gene pairs of the other chromosomes. My definition: * 2 nonhomologous pairs randomly assorted * randomly mixes of 2 different genes
Cell Cycle Layout
Interphase (I- phase) Mitosis (M- phase)(PMAT) Cytokinesis
What happens in m- phase
P: Prophase M: Metaphase A: Anaphase T: Telophase
What happens in G1?
Period of cell growth before the DNA is duplicated --> normal cell activitiy
What happens in the S phase?
Period when the DNA is duplicated (that is when chromosomes are duplicated) --> copy DNA
Chromosomes are duplicated during ___ of ell cycle.
S phase
What happens in G2?
The period after DNA is duplicated; cell prepares for divsion --> copy organelles
Alternate forms of a gene (can be more than 2)
allele
Monohybrid Cross:
crossed 2 true-breeding lines of peas - can be solved with a 4 square Punnett
What happens in Cytokinesis?
cytoplasm splits
Most human somatic cells are:
diploid
2 chromosomes with the same traits (1 from paternal donor, 1 from maternal donor)
homologous chromosomes
