PE Final Exam
An opportunistic infection is defined as a(n)
infection that only affects individuals with compromised immunity.
Training that alternates periods of high-intensity exercise with periods of lower intensity exercise or rest is known as
interval training
When stretching, you should hold each stretch for at least
10 seconds. 5 seconds. a minute.???????
At which age does flexibility peak?
18
General recommended guidelines for water intake prior to exercise are approximately ________ ounces of fluid 2 to 3 hours before exercise and ________ ounces 10 to 20 minutes prior to exercise.
18; 8
At what point after an activity has been initiated does the body switch energy sources from the immediate energy system to the anaerobic energy system?
30 seconds
Approximately ________ of all Americans report limitations due to chronic back conditions.
30%
When following a resistance-training program, it is important to let each muscle group rest for ________ before taxing it again with resistance exercises.
48 hrs
With training, you can typically improve your VO2max by
5 to 10%. more than 20%. 15 to 20%.???????
How long should the exercise-to-rest transition take?
5 to 15 minutes
The average life expectancy at birth for males is which of the following?
75.6 years
The American Cancer Society estimates that smoking causes approximately ________ of all lung cancer cases.
87%
A muscle contraction with constant speed is
isokinetic. eccentric. isometric. ????
A muscle contraction with no change in muscle length is
isometric
Which of the following statements is true of the incidence of obesity in the United States?
it is steadily increasing
Alcohol use becomes alcohol abuse when
it negatively affects social and family relationships.
________ is a beneficial tool for monitoring, recording, and measuring progress on a behavior change.
journaling
A byproduct of breaking down glucose for energy that may cause burning in the muscle is
lactic acid
The stage of syphilis in which T. pallidum begins to invade body organs is known as what?
latent syphilis
Actions that can be performed daily by beginning exercisers are
lifestyle physical activites
A common symptom of alcoholics is
loss of control
Which of the following is a financial advantage of having a high level of wellness?
lower health care costs
The lower respiratory tract consists of the
lower trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.
The outer layer of the joint capsule
lubricates the joint. ?????? provides reinforcing structure. connects bone to bone.
The wave of blood that can be felt moving through the arteries when the heart contracts is the
maximal heart rate. pulse. ???????? heart rate reserve.
The "M" in the "SMART" system for setting goals stands for which of the following?
measureable
When assessing muscular strength, a 1 RM test
measures the maximum amount of weight that can be lifted one time.
If you understand your ________, you can plan activities in a way that makes you more likely to stick with the program.
motivations
Creatine phosphate is stored in
muscles
Misalignment of the spine leading to lower-back pain can be caused by
muscular imbalances
The major psychoactive substance in tobacco is
nicotine
The primary infection stage of HIV is characterized by
night sweats
Two months ago, Mike broke a bone when he took a spill on the basketball court. His bone has healed now, so he wants to start getting strength back in his deltoid muscles. What exercises would you recommend to him?
overhead press
Physical fitness is the ability to
perform moderate to vigorous physical activity without undue fatigue.
A physically fit person is best defined as someone who
performs moderate to vigorous physical activity daily without undue fatigue.
Men over 45 and women over 55 should obtain ________ before beginning an exercise program.
permission from their doctor
Which of the following offers the most effective protection against STIs?
plain latex condoms
Your friend is morbidly obese. When you express your concern to him about his health, he denies that his obesity will have any effect on his health and cites the example of his father, who is also obese and apparently healthy. Which stage of behavior change is your friend in regarding his obesity?
precontemplation
People who have thought about what they might do to change a behavior and are within a month or so of taking action are in which stage of behavior change?
preparation
Which of the following is a goal of Healthy People 2020?
promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
A measure of the percentage of alcohol or strength of an alcoholic drink is known as what?
proof
The current approach to HIV treatment involves
protease inhibitors.
The left ventricle pumps blood to the
pulmonary circulation. systemic circulation. right ventricle. ??????
The time between a stimulus and response is
reaction time
A tranquilizer sometimes known as the "date rape" drug is called
rohypnol
Patella-femoral pain syndrome is also known as
runners knee
Chronic pain in the front of the lower leg is known as
shin splints
Problems associated with long-term use of alcohol include
shrinkage in brain size and weight
The ability to have satisfying interpersonal relationships is which of the following?
social wellness
Damage to ligaments or joint structures due to acute injury is known as
sprain
The simplest method of stretching for people who are just starting a stretching program is ________ stretching.
static
________ flexibility is a measure of a joint's overall range of motion.
static
A person believes that he may develop lung cancer if he continues to smoke. This is an example of perceived
susceptibility
The ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart during the ________ phase of the heart cycle.
systolic
Skeletal muscles taper at the ends to form ________, which attach muscles to bones.
tendons
Activities at the top of the physical activity pyramid represent activities
that you should spend the least amount of time on.
A change in the body that occurs as a result of exercise training is known as
training effect
Several days after engaging in unprotected sex, John began to experience painful urination and a foamy yellow discharge. His symptoms suggest that he contracted
trichomoniasis
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is caused by a protozoan?
trichomoniasis
Alcoholic beverages contain ethanol.
true
Cardiorespiratory fitness has a protective effect against age-related declines in cognitive ability.
true
Drinking is a major factor in high-risk sex.
true
Gardening is an example of a lifestyle physical activity.
true
HIV remains transmissible throughout all phases of the infection.
true
Having physical activity regulated by someone else is negatively associated with activity levels.
true
Increased levels of body fat put an individual at risk for diabetes.
true
Individuals who are in wheelchairs may use most strength-training machines that involve a seated position.
true
Living in an area where there is great urban sprawl can reduce the likelihood that one will exercise regularly.
true
Medicine balls increase resistance and can be used individually or in groups.
true
PID can cause irreversible damage to a woman's reproductive system.
true
Pancreatic cancer is more common in smokers than in nonsmokers.
true
Ritalin is an amphetamine used for medicinal purposes.
true
Strong core muscles can lead to increased performance levels in all of your activities.
true
The SMART guidelines are a helpful framework for setting goals to improve flexibility.
true
The chances of dehydration affecting performance are greater than the chances of food intake affecting performance.
true
The nicotine in one cigarette can paralyze cilia for up to an hour.
true
To gain improvements in flexibility, the stretch reflex should be reduced.
true
Muscles that are often weak in people who are sedentary or overweight are known as ________ muscles.
trunk flexor
Which of the following is a high-risk behavior for contracting HIV?
unprotected anal intercourse
Air entering the body through the nose travels first through the ________ and then through the ________ before entering the lungs.
upper respiratory tract; lower respiratory tract
The majority of alcohol is absorbed in the
upper third of the small intestine
Type I (slow-twitch) muscle fibers
utilize oxygen to contract.
The lower chambers of the heart are called
ventricles
Mentally picturing success in reaching a goal is known as which of the following?
visualization
When a person pictures himself succeeding in achieving a goal, he is using
visualization
Muscular strength is often measured by determining the maximum
weight a person can lift one time.
Which of the following athletes is most likely to have the greatest percentage of fast-twitch muscle fibers?
weight lifter
Sarah is trying to quit smoking. After two days without cigarettes she is feeling irritable and restless. Sarah is most likely experiencing nicotine
withdrawal
Which of the following statements is true regarding growth hormone (GH)?
Children with abnormally slow growth are prescribed GH. ????????? GH has few, if any, side effects. Bone growth caused by GH is reversible.
Time should not be specified in goals.
False
________ is the virus that causes AIDS.
HIV
According to the Health Promotion Peer Educators, what are four NON-curable STD's?
Herpes, HPV, Hepatitis B, HIV
Which of the following is a specific, time-oriented goal for weight loss?
I will lose 2 pounds in the next month
Which of the following is true of quitting smoking?
Many ex-smokers say they have more energy, sleep better, and feel more alert.
Stretching that involves using voluntary contractions to help facilitate relaxation is known as ________ stretching.
PNF
Which of the below is an action-oriented objective in a SMART goal setting system?
Run on the trail 4 times a week.
Which of the following statements is true of spot reduction?
Spot reduction is not possible by any means.
Which method is best for tracking your progress with weight training?
Use a weight-training log to record your progress.
A motor unit consists of
a single nerve fiber connected to many muscle fibers.
Myofibril strands within muscles contain
actin and myosin
Which of the following affects flexibility?
activity level
________ is a component of spiritual wellness.
altruism
Gas exchange (the delivery of oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide) in the lungs takes place in the
alveoli
Resistance training intensity is usually measured by the
amount of weight lifted.
Chlamydia is treated with
antibiotic medication
If detected early, chlamydia is treatable with
antibiotics
Blood is pumped out of the heart to the brain and body via the
aorta
People who stop resistance training will see their muscles revert to pretraining strength and size, a condition known as
atrophy
Benefits of regular stretching include improved
balance
Stretching characterized by bouncing or jerky movements is known as ________ stretching.
ballistic
An organized, deliberate effort to alter or replace a habit or activity is known as
behavior change
Jobs that put workers at high risk of developing lower-back pain are those that involve a lot of
bending
A primary purpose of the general cool-down is to slowly return ________ back to resting levels.
breathing rate
The greatest threat from herpes is that it
can be transmitted to a newborn.
The pathogen that causes a yeast infection is
candida
When you begin exercising
cardiac output increases.
The number-one killer in the United States among adults of all ages is
cardiovascular disease
The physical activity pyramid
consists of layers of types of physical activity and gives recommendations for each.
Going for a walk instead of eating dessert is an example of
countering
Substituting a healthy behavior for an unhealthy behavior is known as what?
countering
Kristina's mom wants to begin an exercise program. However, she is overweight and concerned about the impact exercise might have on her knees. To decrease her chance of injury, Kristina might recommend that her mom try
cross training
Training that alternates exercise modes within a given program is
cross training
Aerobic exercise training has been shown to
decrease in heart's stroke volume. decrease brain volume. increase plasma.??????????
Which of the following conditions would always require a medical clearance before exercising?
diabetes
Gender differences in flexibility seem to indicate that
differences are specific to particular joints.
A measure of overall joint stiffness during movement is ________ flexibility.
dynamic
________ is a hallucinogenic designer drug that has become popular again on college campuses and is taken to improve mood or get energized.
ecstasy
Aerobic exercise, weight lifting, and yoga are all examples of
exercise training
Muscular strength is defined as the ability of your muscles to
exert force.
A single muscle cell is called a fascicle.
false
An ergogenic substance will reduce exercise performance.
false
Condoms provide 100% protection from all STIs.
false
Eighty percent of the resistance to movement around a joint is accounted for by the individual soft tissues.
false
Going to a bar with a friend when you are trying to quit drinking is an example of effectively controlling your environment.
false
It is more difficult to decide to change a behavior than to commit to changing it.
false
Men have greater hip flexibility than women.
false
Most college students smoke.
false
Most people who try to stop smoking are successful in their first attempt.
false
Slow-twitch muscle fibers are oxygen dependent and fatigue quickly.
false
The cardiorespiratory system is made up of the cardiovascular system and the endocrine system.
false
The majority of sexually active individuals are between the ages of 15 and 24.
false
To prevent dehydration, it is recommended that you start drinking fluid approximately 30 minutes after beginning an activity.
false
You live in a part of the country where it rains much of the time, which keeps you from being able to go for a nice run outside. The rain is an example of a personal barrier to physical activity.
false
Your resting heart rate increases as your cardiorespiratory system becomes more conditioned.
false
The most common way that hepatitis B is transmitted is via
from mother to infant
To counter a lack of motivation, you should choose exercise that is
fun and convenient
John is getting ready to do bench presses. After doing some jumping jacks and light rowing activity, he begins to concentrate on range-of-motion exercises for his shoulders. John has moved from the ________ phase to the ________ phase of warm-up.
general; specific
Human papillomavirus causes
genital warts
Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is not caused by a virus?
gonorrhea
A common side effect of designer or "club drugs" is
hallucinations
Physical inactivity contributes to which of the following health conditions?
heart disease
Muscles that tend to be tight in most people because of extended sitting are known as ________ muscles.
hip flexor
The three metabolic energy systems are
immediate, oxidative, and nonoxidative
Which of the following may occur as the result of cardiorespiratory training?
improved oxygen delivery to muscles
Hypokinetic diseases are defined as diseases caused by
inactivity
