pediatrics preschoolers EAQs
A 4-year-old child shows a motor response score of 3 on the Glasgow Coma Scale. What clinical finding does this signify? 1 Localized pain 2 Abnormal flexion 3 Flexion withdrawal 4 Abnormal extension
A motor response score of a 3 on the Glasgow Coma Scale indicates abnormal flexion of muscles. Localized pain is indicated as a score of 5. Flexion withdrawal is indicated as a score of 4. An abnormal extension is indicated as a score of 2.
What does the nurse state the average weight of a preschooler at the age of 5 years old? 1 32 pounds (14.51 kg) 2 37 pounds (16.78 kg) 3 41 pounds (18.59 kg) 4 45 pounds (20.41 kg)
The weight of an average 5-year-old preschooler is 41 pounds (18.59 kg). The average weight at 3 years of age is 32 pounds (14.51 kg). At the age of 4 years, the average weight is 37 pounds (16.78 kg). Forty-five pounds (20.41 kg) is not the average weight of a 5-year old.
A 4-year-old child is admitted to the pediatric unit for a tonsillectomy. During preoperative planning a nurse reviews the child's laboratory report. Which lab value is of most significance in this situation? 1 Potassium level 2 Coagulation studies 3 Red blood cell (RBC) count 4 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Tonsillectomy may result in hemorrhage because of the vascularity of the oropharynx; clotting function must be adequate. The potassium level, RBC count, and ESR are not significant in this type of surgery if the child is otherwise healthy. Test-Taking Tip: Eat breakfast or lunch before an exam. Avoid greasy, heavy foods and overeating. This will help keep you calm and give you energy.
The nurse is planning care for the family of a preschool-age child who has a chronic illness. Which activities should the nurse recommend to decrease the risk for compassion fatigue? Select all that apply. 1 Exercising 2 Moving away 3 Developing a hobby 4 Fostering social relationships 5 Sleeping more than twelve hours each night
1,3,4 The nurse should recommend exercising, developing a hobby, and fostering social relationships as activities that can decrease the risk for compassion fatigue. Moving away is avoidance behavior that does not address exhaustion from overwhelming caregiving responsibilities. Sleeping more than the body requires is also an avoidance behavior.
Which type of language development is seen in 4-year-olds? 1 Names four or more colors 2 Knows simple songs 3 Has vocabulary of about 2100 words 4 Uses sentences of six to eight words, with all parts of speech
2, a 4-year-old knows simple songs. A 5-year-old can name four or more colors, has a vocabulary of about 2100 words, and uses sentences of six to eight words with all parts of speech.
The nurse is caring for a young child diagnosed with lead poisoning. Which finding indicates that the client has suffered from high-dose exposure to lead? 1 Blindness 2 Hyperactivity 3 Hearing impairment 4 Mild intellectual deficit
Blindness indicates that the client is suffering from encephalopathy as a result of high-dose exposure to lead. Hyperactivity, hearing impairment, and mild intellectual deficit are indications of low-dose exposure to lead.
A 4-year-old child with nephrotic syndrome is admitted to the pediatric unit. What clinical finding does the nurse expect when assessing this child? 1 Severe lethargy 2 Dark, frothy urine 3 Chronic hypertension 4 Flushed, ruddy complexion
Dark, frothy urine is characteristic of a child with nephrotic syndrome; large amounts of protein in the urine cause it to take this appearance. The child may be somewhat, not severely, lethargic. Blood pressure is normal or decreased; hypertension is associated with glomerulonephritis. Children with nephrotic syndrome usually have a pale complexion and are not flushed and ruddy in appearance.
What would the nurse instruct the parent to refrain from doing if a 4-year-old child has nightmares on a routine basis? 1 Keeping the lights on 2 Sleeping with the child 3 Tucking in a favorite soft toy with the child 4 Leaving the room after comforting the child
If a child has nightmares, the parent should avoid sleeping with the child. Sleeping with the child may create a habit of delaying bedtime. In case of nightmares, keeping the lights on may help the child to overcome fear. Tucking in a soft toy gives the feeling of security to the child. The parent should comfort the child and leave the child in his or her own bed so that the child does not use the fear as an excuse to delay bedtime.
Which statement about language development in preschoolers is correct? 1 Preschoolers find words such as "die" and "dye" confusing. 2 Preschoolers realize that words have arbitrary rather than absolute meanings. 3 Preschoolers become aware of the rules for linking words into phrases and sentences. 4 Preschoolers accept language as a means of representing the world in a subjective manner.
Preschooler children find phonetically similar words such as "die" and "dye" confusing. School-aged children realize that words have arbitrary rather than absolute meanings. School-aged children become aware of the rules for linking words into phrases and sentences; they also accept language as a means of representing the world in a subjective manner.
Which age group would the nurse state engages in associative play? 1 Infants 2 Toddlers 3 Adolescents 4 Preschoolers
Preschoolers play with one other child in a cooperative manner in which they make something or play designated roles. Infants do not perform allied play. Parallel play is common among toddlers. In this form of play, each one engages in an independent activity that is similar to, but not influenced by or shared with others. Adolescents spend time with multiple friends at one time.
A preschool-aged child is about to be admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit after surgery for removal of a brain tumor. The nurse manager should intervene immediately when the child's nurse does what? 1 Places a hypothermia blanket at the bedside 2 Adjusts the bed to the Trendelenburg position 3 Obtains electronic equipment for monitoring of vital signs 4 Secures a pump to administer the ordered intravenous fluids
Raising the foot of the bed increases blood flow to the brain, thereby increasing intracranial pressure. An increase in temperature may occur after a craniotomy as a result of stimulation of the hypothalamus. A hypothermic blanket should be ready if the temperature climbs precipitously. Monitoring of vital signs is a critical component of postoperative care. IV infusions must be regulated precisely to minimize the possibility of cerebral edema.