Period 4: 1800 to 1848 aba
Factory owners replaced the workers described above with workers from which of the following immigrant groups?
Irish immigrants.
The Wilmot Proviso did not become law because
It failed to gain the necessary votes in the Senate.
How did Rip van Winkle serve as an early example of American literature created during the Era of Good Feelings?
It glorified American heroes instead of British ones.
What was an example of an occupation that large numbers of Irish immigrants participated in shortly after this swell of Irish immigration?
Railroad worker in the mid-west.
According to the Supreme Court in the excerpt above, what served as the ultimate source of protection for the people?
The Constitution
The Supreme Court affirmed what legal principle in the decision Jackson referenced above?
The Constitution granted the federal government implied powers to create institutions to enforce their powers.
The woman's responsibilities depicted in the image should be associated with
The Cult of Domesticity
Which of the following events BEST demonstrates the federal government exercising the power described in the first paragraph of the passage above?
The decision to use the military to enforce tariff collection in South Carolina.
Which of the following examples from the period of 1830 to 1850 would most directly support Feller's argument in the excerpt above?
The development of nominating conventions and new campaign strategies.
The veto of the Maysville Road Bill serves as an example of Jackson's opposition to what economic system (which many opponents of Jackson supported during this era?)
The economic plan championed by Henry Clay calling for high protective tariffs and internal improvements.
Which of the following principles inspired South Carolina to fight the U.S. government's tariff policy?
The principle of nullification or a state canceling an act of Congress.
The ideas described in the excerpt MOST directly foreshadowed which of the following developments?
The ratification of the Thirteenth amendment.
Which of the following was a central cause of the formation of the Hartford Convention?
The war with Great Britain in 1812 and attempts to avoid this war decimated the economy of New England.
The movement of Transcendentalism is best articulated in which of the following acts of civil disobedience by Thoreau?
Thoreau refused to pay is taxes and went to jail as a statement against the war with Mexico.
Based on the treaty above, what was Polk's ultimate goal in the west?
To create a continuous border along the 49th parallel with Canada.
A historian would MOST likely use Weems's biography of George Washington
To discourage blind acceptance that all that is written is historically accurate.
The working conditions described in the setting lead to which of the following efforts by women in the late 19th century?
Unionization Movement
Which of the following Supreme Court decisions demonstrated the strongest continuity with the ideas expressed in the cartoon?
United States v. Nixon
Which of the following would be most likely to support the ideas in the quote?
William Lloyd Garrison
The developments noted in the excerpt are evidence of which of the following larger trends in 19th century New England?
A transition from subsistence agriculture to manufacturing.
Which of the following historical figures would NOT support the "capitalist hegemony" referred to in the excerpt?
Andrew Jackson
Referred to above as a "contest of opinion", what idea below most directly separated Federalists and Democratic-Republicans at the time of this speech?
The creation of laws which restricted freedom of speech.
The above passage reveals the influence of
The Second Great Awakening
In Fletcher v. Peck, the Supreme Court exercised which of the following powers for the first time?
The Court demonstrated the power to declare a state law unconstitutional.
Which of the following historical locations would be most synonymous with the setting of the excerpt?
Lowell factory system.
The passage above described a labor system first implemented in which of the following areas of the country?
Lowell, Massachusetts
The Lowell company shares similarities in both factory town design and labor unrest with which company of the later industrial period?
Pullman Palace Car Company
What caused the jump in Irish immigrants between 1846 and 1847?
A blight destroyed potato crops in Ireland.
Other economic changes that occurred in this era included all of the following EXCEPT
A decrease in the Southern dependence on slavery.
Which of the following would be most likely to support Charles Sumner's point of view in the passage above?
A factory owner in New Hampshire.
The "Missouri question" was a cause of which of the following?
A line was drawn in the Louisiana Territory above which slavery was not allowed.
Which of the following challenged the movements and beliefs articulated in the passage?
Catharine Beecher
The passage BEST reflects which of the following historical patterns?
Changes in American culture and the formation of a unique national identity.
Despite Jefferson's call for being "all Republicans and Federalists," what event occurred which suggested a lack of unity?
Federalist judicial appointments created political arguments under the Jefferson administration.
Which of the following issues, raised by the possible annexation of Texas, most angered the North?
Increasing demand for more territories open to slavery.
The artwork above is BEST understood in the context of
The creation of enslaved black communities and the development of strategies to protect their dignity an family structures.
Besides opposition to Andrew Jackson, which of the following beliefs defined the platform of the Whig Party?
The raising of protective tariffs, the renewal of the national bank, and internal transportation improvements.
Based upon this image from Godey's Lady's Book, a popular women's magazine, women during the 19th century.
Were expected to manage the affairs of the home.
Factory owners replaced which of the following workers with immigrants, which angered Know-Nothings?
Young women.
Jackson's position on internal improvements opposed what previous actions taken by the Federal government?
Congress commissioned the building of the National Road which crossed the Appalachian Mountains.
What was the fate of the Wilmot Proviso?
Congress failed to pass the measure but passed a compromise measure allowing voters to decide the issue.
This passage most strongly supports which of the following statements about laborers during the Market Revolution?
Despite new opportunities, for women in the workforce, labor conditions created discontent among female laborers working in the Lowell System.
Based on your knowledge of U.S. History, which of the following most impacted the debate about federal and state power in the early 1800s?
Fears of tyrannical centralized authority similar to monarchy.
Which of the following BEST captures Thomas Jefferson's motives for acquiring land through the Louisiana Purchase?
He longed to preserve his beloved agrarian democracy by ensuring land would be available for years to come.
If this excerpt were read in state-sponsored schools during the 19th century, it would have fulfilled which of the following objectives?
Instilling republican virtues and patriotic attitudes.
Which of the following aspects about Jackson would most contradict the themes put forth by the passage?
Jackson was an owner of cotton plantations that employed slaves.
Which of the following would be MOST likely to support the ideas in the quote?
John C. Calhoun
Which of the following issues led Texas to declare its independence from Mexico?
Mexico outlawed slavery within the borders of Texas.
The artwork above was most likely a reaction to which of the following processes?
Practices aimed at eliminating the rights of minorities, particularly African-American populations.
As time progressed, tariffs played what role in the economy?
Tariffs remained a source of contention throughout the late 1800s and early 1900s.
Rip van Winkle references which of the following American wars?
The American Revolution
The Treaty with they Osage MOST closely resembles which of the following 19th century events in US-Indian relations?
The Indian Removal Act
What areas of the country sympathized the most with the Know-Nothing philosophy?
The Northeast
The passage was written in response to
The Tariff of 1828
What political party most agreed with Henry Clay's assessment of Jackson?
Whig
Soon after this document was written, Jefferson found himself in a Constitutional predicament for which of the following reasons?
While he approved of the purchase, Jefferson believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution.
Which of the following would be MOST likely to agree with the ideas expressed in the excerpt?
William Lloyd Garrison
The "Missouri questions" on which Jefferson is commenting is indicative of a continuation of which of the following?
As long as there was a balance between the number of slave and free states, then conflict was minimal.
What event, briefly referenced in the speech above, personally involved Henry Clay in a political fight with Andrew Jackson?
Congress attempted the early renewal of the National Bank.
Andrew Jackson used which of the following arguments to justify his veto of the Bank of the United States charter?
Congress lacked authority over economic matters inside state boundaries.
Which of the following events MOST LIKELY led to the measure above?
Congress received yearly petitions advocating the end of slavery in the U.S.
Which of the following would best support Tocqueville's observations as expressed in the excerpt?
Data showing changes in voter turnout from elections in the early to mid 1800s.
Which of the following events in the late nineteenth century represents the continuation of the process described in the passage above?
Dawes Act
Which of the following was an important EFFECT of the legislation described by Jackson above?
Death of thousands of American Indians.
The ideas expressed in the passage above MOST directly reflect which of the following continuities in United States history?
Debates over the rights and roles of women within the American society.
Which of the following was a reason Fitzhugh claimed that slaves received good treatment in the South?
Due to high monetary value of a slave, slave masters concerned themselves with their slaves' health.
A federally-funded national interstate superhighway system, linking every section of the U.S., was finally put into place in the 20th century during the presidential administration of
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Which of the following presidential administrations is also credited with internal improvements similar to those proposed by the American System?
Dwight Eisenhower
The author's purpose in writing the Treaty with the Osage was to convince the Osage of all of the following EXCEPT
If the Osage would not peacefully accept US presence on their lands, it would be implemented by force, if necessary.
The westward movement of slave labor during the early nineteenth century was dependent on all of the following EXCEPT
Incentives provided by the federal government.
All of the following antebellum transportation innovations helped to create the market revolution EXCEPT
Internal combustion engines.
Which of the following gave the Supreme Court the authority to render a decision on federal and state power?
Judicial review
For workers who found any of these regulations unfair, which of the following movements would have been their best option?
Labor unions
David Wilmot proposed this measure due to which of the following issues?
Lands acquired from Mexico were not subject to the 36 30 line.
Which of the following terms, as applied to slavery in the South, BEST expresses Fitzhugh's argument?
Peculiar institution
The assertion that Pennsylvania was one of the few states in which African Americans "boasted of rational liberty and protection of the laws" is MOST likely a reference to which of the following historical developments?
Pennsylvania has a Quaker heritage which honored all humans as possessing an "inner light."
"A History of the Life and Death, Virtues, and Exploits of General George Washington" was most similar to
Poor Richard's Almanac
The measure discussed above led to which of the following constitutional crises for the Jackson administration?
President Jackson disobeyed a decision of the Supreme Court.
What actions of Andrew Jackson appeared to be in opposition to the sentiments expressed above regarding tariffs?
President Jackson forced South Carolina to collect the tariff they opposed.
The goals and movement articulated in the passage achieved its greatest success during which period?
Progressive Era
Which of the following groups would MOST likely support the author's argument that capitalism had taken over the "economy, politics, and culture" of America?
Progressives
Federalists intended these proposed amendments to serve which of the following purposes?
Reduce the power of the Southern and Western states.
While German immigrants encountered some discrimination in the U.S., the Irish were particularly singled out for prejudice due to their
Religious allegiance to a pope.
This passage hints at the danger of the journey west as a result of
Settlers racing west at the end of winter.
Based on Jefferson's letter to Holmes, which of the following issues concerned him enough to describe it as a "firebell in the night"?
Slavery's potential to divide the United States.
The cause of Southerners' fear of slave uprisings was most likely which of the following?
Slaves made up more than half of the overall population in three Southern states by 1860 (S. Carolina, N. Carolina, Georgia).
All of the following are considered effects of the movement with which the passage is associated EXCEPT
Socialism
Of the following, which individual's life experience most closely resembles that of Frederick Douglass?
Sojourner Truth
One of the results in the Northern states of Nat Turner's actions was which of the following?
Some abolitionists in the North began to view figures such as Turner as martyrs.
What economic ideal in the United States encompassed projects such as pictured above?
The American System, based on building internal improvements, along with a strong National Bank and a high protective tariff policy.
The main idea of the passage is that
The Bank was made law by the first Congress of the United States after much debate and argument from those who both supported and opposed it.
Which of the following developments throughout American history would be most similar in nature to those depicted in the image above?
The Harlem Renaissance
Based on the passage, which of the following events had the greatest impact on Native American relations with the American government in the early 19th century?
The Louisiana Purchase
Sarah and Angelina Grimke were also strong advocates of
The abolitionist movement
The Wilmot Proviso was patterned after which of the following documents?
The Northwest Ordinance, 1787
The debate over the tariff outlined by Clay eventually manifested in which of the following events?
The Nullification Crisis of 1832
Henry Clay, author of the Missouri Compromise, displayed his negotiating skills in which other instance?
The Nullification Crisis precipitated by South Carolina, 1832-33.
Which of the following enabled the army to defy the Supreme Court and forcibly remove the Cherokee from their land?
The President backed the ultimatum; defying the Supreme Court.
During the time of this source, what eventually happened to all compromises such as the Missouri Compromise, which attempted to regulate the spread of slavery?
The Supreme Court overturned the compromises, due to conflicts with property rights.
Which of the following actions of the US federal government actions demonstrates the strongest discontinuity with the ideas expressed in the excerpt?
The US Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson.
Which of the following was one of the direct effects of the ultimatum above?
The United States Army forcibly marched the Cherokee west of the Mississippi River.
What event caused a breakdown in the relative peace between the North and South created by the Missouri Compromise?
The United States acquired lands not subject to the Missouri Compromise.
What trend in the United States History is demonstrated by the Oregon Treaty?
The United States attempted to expand west to the Pacific Ocean.
What likely caused the value of cotton exports to increase in value and number in the early 1800s?
The United States increased cotton production due to the invention of the cotton gin and expanding west.
What is the BEST context for understanding the creation of this rule in the House of Representatives?
The increasing tension over the possibility of the spread of slavery into the west.
Southern slave owners who strongly believed in Christian paternalism would cite which of the following statements as validation for their behavior?
The institution of slavery is divine in origin, and the African race has improved from its civilizing effects.
Fitzhugh would MOST likely have used which of the following 19th-century developments to support his arguments in this source?
The long hours and low pay that factory workers experienced.
Which of the following events would NOT represent the continuations of the process described in the excerpt?
The use of corporate lobbyists to promote the role of business in government.
Most of the workers at the Tremont Mills were women. Which regulation was most likely added by the Mill for women specifically?
Workers must board in one of the houses belonging to the company and conform to the rules of the boarding house.
Madison wrote this letter to Livingston
As Secretary of State to support the negotiation Livingston was doing with France.
Which of the following BEST represents a failure achieving the goals articulated in the passage in the 20th century?
Equal Rights Amendment of 1923.
Northern states such as Pennsylvania contained significant free black populations for which of the following reasons?
Escaped slaves often made their way to cities in the North such as Philadelphia.
Out of the following issues, on which factor are the authors above most likely to disagree in terms of its role as a cause of the war with Mexico?
Expansion of slavery.
The argument made by John C. Calhoun infers that the labor system of the northern U.S.
Exploited its workers to a greater degree than what was the case in the South.
Native Americans lands were desired by American citizens for which of the following reasons?
Farmers needed land for agricultural production.
The call for urgent congressional action on Missouri's 1818 application for statehood came as a result of
Fear on the part of northern anti-slavery legislators that balance in the U.S. Senate would be tipped in favor of pro-slavery interests.
Which of the following opportunities did factory work provide for female employees?
Female workers could achieve a measure of economic independence from fathers and husbands.
Which of the following actions by President Jackson aided in the creation of the Whig Party and its platform?
Jackson removed federal funds from the National Bank and relocated the funds to state banks.
What was one action taken by Andrew Jackson which Henry Clay possibly alluded to in this speech?
Jackson vetoed the Maysville road project in Kentucky.
What caused Southeastern states to fail to invest in transportation improvements, such as the Erie Canal?
Most of the South's large plantations were near the coast or rivers, so Southern states failed to make investments into transportation.
The cartoon best reflects which of the following historical patterns?
New political parties arise that disagree about the role and powers of the federal government.
Canals, such as the Erie Canal pictured above, typically connected what ares of the country?
Northeastern urban areas with farms in the Ohio River Valley.
The views expressed in the excerpt are best sen as evidence of which of the following beliefs among Transcendentalists?
People needed self-reliance and to simplify their lives.
Which of the following was the most direct cause of the "Oregon Fever" mentioned in the passage?
Settlers' desire for rich farmland in the west.
What issue surrounding slavery replaced the importation of slaves as the key issue about slavery?
Slavery began to spread into the western territories.
Which of the following was a result of the conflict generated by the above document?
South Carolina agreed to collect the tariff and Congress lowered rates slightly.
The ending of the international slave trade in 1808 led to what practice by Southern slave owners?
Southern planters divided slave families and sold children to other plantations.
One of the results in the Southern states of Nat Turner's actions was which of the following?
States tightened the restriction on slaves as stated in the slave codes.
Andrew Jackson's veto of Maysville Road Bill rested firmly on his belief in
States' rights
The South Carolina Exposition and Protest drew on some of the same ideas as which of the following historical precedents?
The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
The platform of the Whig Party impacted the Presidential Election of 1840 in which of the following ways?
The Whigs won the Presidency but had little influence on policy.
Eventually, Irish and German immigration directly affected the U.S. political landscape in the 1850s by causing
The advent of single-issue nativist political parties.
According to both passages above, which of the following likely had the greatest influence on causing war with Mexico?
The annexation of Texas by the United States.
The biggest danger facing Northern free blacks under the Fugitive Slave Law was
The danger of being kidnapped by bounty hunters and enslaved.
Which of the following events during the Marshall Court's tenure proved that the Supreme Court had little power to force other parts of government to not enforce laws it declared "unconstitutional"?
The decision of the Court that the Cherokee could remain on their land.
Which of the following was a major cause of the development of the Cult of True Womanhood described in the excerpt above?
The emergence of a middle class, as a result of the market revolution.
The views expressed in the excerpt are best seen as evidence of which of the following in society?
The evolution of the United States into a national economy linked to regional consumers and producers.
The political sentiment demonstrated by this source was a direct result of which of the following?
The federal government refused to accept paper currency to purchase western lands.
Which of the following movements would most directly support De Tocqueville's argument in the excerpt above?
The growth of democracy during the Age of Jackson.
All of the following Antebellum developments helped to give rise to the market revolution EXCEPT
The growth of the abolitionist movement.
Which of the following is the primary contention of historian Daniel Walker Howe in this excerpt?
The hiring of young female factory workers was a positive development.
Which of the following was a direct result of these proposed constitutional amendments?
The nation never favored the amendments and the rejection led to the end of the Federalist Party.
Factory work in Lowell, MA during the Industrial Revolution gave women the promise of new and exciting experiences that they had not had at home on the farm. According to this document, what did they have to give up for this?
The right to practice freedom of religion.
The concept of "separate spheres" for men and women has the weakest connection to which of the following historical developments?
The rise of abolitionism.
Settlers, such as the Browns, typically took which of the following routes in their journey west?
The route used by government-sponsored explorers of the Louisiana Purchase.
In this passage, Calhoun intended to convey that
The state governments were equal to or supreme to the federal government.
What fueled the anti-immigrant sentiments of groups such as the Know-Nothing Party?
They believed that foreigners were taking industrial jobs and working for less.
The views expressed in the excerpt above are best seen as evidence of which of the following in society?
Utopian societies that tried to live a communal lifestyle.
All of the following statements reflect the experience of the free black population in the antebellum U.S. EXCEPT
Free blacks were permitted to own firearms and join state militias.
Native Americans were forcibly removed from lands east of the Mississippi River in order to
Free up lands for settlement in the west.
If this chart showed all immigration from this period, which of the following countries would represent another large group of immigrants?
Germany
Based on the passage, which of the following could best be inferred about economic changes between the 1820s and the 1840s?
Government intervention along with technological development, led to an increase in manufacturing jobs.
Jackson took which of the following actions in an attempt to make the national banking system more responsive to the people?
He moved federal funds from the Bank of the United States to state banks.
Which of the following nineteenth'century politicians would be most likely to support the ideas expressed in the cartoon?
Henry Clay
Calhoun's sentiment towards slave labor was echoed by
Preston Brooks
Once the government began to issue rulings on the spread of slavery, what became the philosophy endorsed by the government?
States voting on slavery.
Which of the following technologies made the type of work described in the excerpt possible?
Steam engine
What reasons fueled South Carolina's opposition to the tariffs of 1828 and 1832?
Tariffs benefited the North while they harmed plantations in the South.
Which of the following events sparked the opinion in this case?
The "lame duck" President tried to increase the number of Federalist judges.
Due to measures such as the one above, where did the South look to expand slavery?
The Caribbean
Which of the following actions by the Cherokee tribe motivated General Scott to issue this ultimatum?
The Cherokee won a court decision against the state of Georgia that allowed them to stay on their land.
What compromise on slavery, that was inserted in the Constitution, would the opponents of the ending of the slave trade have supported?
The Compromise concerning how the number of slaves will be used in determining representation in Congress.
What issue lied at the heart of the election or, "contest of opinion", that Jefferson was referring to in his address?
The Federal government passed legislation which limited freedom of speech.
Which of the following best represents continuity in the years after 1830 with the ideas that Tocqueville expressed in the excerpt?
The Fifteenth Amendment to the US Constitution.
How did the Wilmot Proviso after the political landscape for the 1848 presidential election?
The Free Soil emerged as a national party with its first presidential candidate.
The ideas expressed by Weld were MOST likely the result of which of the following?
The Second Great Awakening
Which of the following movements would MOST directly support Finney's argument in the excerpt above?
The Second Great Awakening
Which of the following actions did Congress take in response to Jackson's veto of the bank?
The Senate censured President Jackson.
The application of Missouri to enter the Union raised what sectional issue surrounding its admission?
The South attempted to keep an equal number of slave and free states for representation in the Senate.
Why did South Carolina politicians protest the high protective tariffs passed by the United States in the 1820s and 1830s?
The South's economy relied on exports and imports; thus the tariff hurt their economy.
What was one possible reason the Southern United States gained a leading position in cotton exports in the early 1800s?
The Southern United States' cotton was cheaper and of lower quality than other suppliers.
Andrew Jackson's veto of the renewal of the National Bank impacted the economy in which of the following ways?
The national economy went into a depression which plagued the next president.
All of the following played a direct role in the repeal of the Missouri Compromise EXCEPT
The passage of Personal Liberty Laws by many northern states.
What event precipitated tensions between Great Britain and the United States, which were settled by this treaty?
The president of the US called for owning Oregon up to present day Alaska.
Which of the following factors in early 19th century America MOST directly contributed to the immigration trend McPherson describes?
There was an abundance of work available for unskilled laborers.
Southerners generally opposed federally-funded internal improvements linked to the American System, such as the Maysville Road project, because
These infrastructure projects were financed by a high protective tariff.
What occurred as a result of this court decision?
This decision, along with future John Marshall rulings, increased the power of the federal government.
Which Democratic-Republican figure would have most likely shared the concerns expressed in the excerpt above?
Thomas Jefferson
Which of the following political figures agreed politically with Jackson's stance on appropriations and internal improvements?
Thomas Jefferson, former President of the United States.
Which of the following was most likely the intended goal of David Walker's writing?
To argue in favor of an immediate abolitionist movement.
