PET3323C Lab 3 Special Senses pt 1 Smell, Taste, and Hearing

Auditory Nerve

1

Auricle

1

Olfactory epithelium

1

Stapes in Oval window

1

cochlea

1

malleus

1

Cochlea

2

Cribriform plate

2

Helicotrema

2

auditory branch(vestibulocochlear nerve)

2

incus

2

malleus

2

Cochlear duct (scala media)

3

Semicircular canals

3

facial branch(vestibulocochlear nerve)

3

incus

3

olfactory bulb

3

stapes

3

Scala Tympani

4

Tensor Tympani muscle

4

Vestibule

4

olfactory nerves

4

stapes

4

Scala vestibuli

5

Semicircular Canals

5

nostril

5

semicircular canal

5

tympanic membrane

5

Round window

6

Stapedius muscle

6

Tympanic Membrane

6

cochlea

6

Auditory tube

7

auditory tube

7

External auditory canal

8

smell

80-90% of flavor is _______

Tympanic Membrane (eardrum)

9

perforated

A ______ eardrum is a rupture or hole of the eardrum which can occur as a result of otitis media (ear infection), trauma (e.g. by trying to clean the ear with qtip), explosion, loud noise or surgery (accidental creation of a rupture).

nasopharynx

Auditory tube connects middle ear with _______

olfactory nerves

Bundles of unmyelinated axons of olfactory receptors cells form the right and left ____ ____

pinna

External ear infection will have pain that is intensified by moving the ______

keratin

Filiform papillae release ______(protein)

facial

Fungiform papillae is innervated the _____ nerve

hairs

Gustatory Receptor cells Contains gustatory _____ that project through at a taste pore

10

Gustatory Receptor cells have a life span of ___ days

3

Olfactory epithelium has _ different cell types

Olfactory epithelium

Receptors for smell contained within a small region in the superior part of the nasal cavity called the _____ ______

olfactory trigeminal

Sense of smell depends on proper function of ____ nerve and ____ nerve

wine tasters

Some people capitalize on their ability to pick up small differences in odors by becoming _____ ______

1 5

Taste adaptation occurs in __ - ___ mins

primary olfactory

The _____ _____ area of the cerebral cortex is where conscious awareness of smell begins

facial glossopharyngeal

The _____ nerve innervates the 2/3 anterior of the tongue and the _____ nerve does the 1/3 posterior of the tongue

organ

The olfactory epithelium is the _____ of smell

cerebral cortex

The primary olfactory area of the _____ _____ is where conscious awareness of smell begins

facial Glossopharyngeal

Vallate papillae are innervated by the ______ nerve and _____ nerve

Trigeminal

______ nerve is used when smelling harsh chemicals (cooling or irritating sensations) such as peppermint, onions, or cinnamon.

Vallate

______ papillae are Largest in size but fewest in number

Vallate

______ papillae are located posterior

fungiform

______ papillae are mush-room shaped elevations scattered over the entire tongue surface; most are near the anterior tip

filiform

______ papillae covers the entire surface of the tongue; contains tactile receptors that↑ friction between tongue and food

Filiform

______ papillae give tongue the rough texture

ceruminous

_______ glands secrete earwax

Foliate

_______ papillae are located on lateral borders of the tongue and taste buds are in folds on the sides of the papillae

filiform

_______ papillae increase friction so food doesn't slide down throat

olfactory

________ glands produce musus

filiform

________ papillae lacks taste buds

cribriform

a laceration in olfactory Nerve via punch in the nose breaking the ______ plate may sever the olfactory nerve

external auditory canal

a tube running from the pinna of the outer ear to the tympanic membrane of the middle ear

tympanic membrane

boundary between outer and middle ear

Sensorineural hearing loss

damaged to hearing receptors, cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve or to neural pathway to auditory cortex

conducive hearing loss

decreased ability to conduct energy of sound waves through external ear to inner ear

auditory tube

during swallowing and yawning, the _____ ____ opens, allowing air to enter or leave the middle ear until the [middle ear] pressure equals atmospheric pressure

anosmia

loss of sense of smell

olfactory bulbs

masses of gray matter in the brain where olfactory nerves terminate

oval window

membrane covered opening that separates the middle ear from the inner ear...transfers vibrations to inner ear

temperature texture smell

name 3 things other than taste bud sensations that affect taste

olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells, basal cells

name the 3 different cell types of olfactory epithelium

gustatory receptor cells supporting cells basal cells

name the 3 types of cells involved with gustation

sweet sour bitter salty umami

name the 5 taste bud sensations

low

olfaction is considered to have a ____ threshold, where few molecules need to be present to be perceived as odor

mucous

olfactory epithelium is covered with _______ because stuff has to be dissolved in liquid for it to bind olfactory hairs

nasal

olfactory epithelium located in the roof of the _____ canal

facial

olfactory glands are innervated by the _______ nerve

month

olfactory receptor cells are replaced every _____

olfactory hairs

olfactory receptor cells contain ____ _____ that respond to inhaled odorants

bipolar

olfactory receptor cells have _____ neurons

Round window

opening between middle ear and cochlea

olfactory tract

posterior extension of olfactory bulb neurons

organ of corti

sensory transduction apparatus of cochlea

auditory ossicles

the 3 small bones in the body located in the inner ear are called the ______ ______, and transfer vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window

external

the _____ ear collects sounds and waves and channels them inward

middle

the _____ ear conveys sound vibrations from eardrum to the oval window

internal

the _____ ear houses receptors for hearing and equilibrium

primary gustatory

the ______ ______ area is where conscious perception taste occurs

external auditory canal

the ______ _______ _____ contain few hairs and ceruminous glands that secrete earwax

tympanic membrane

the ______ ________ converts sound waves to vibrations that are transferred to middle ear structures

vestibular

the ______ branch of the CNVIII carries carries nerve impulse generated by equilibrium receptor

cochlear

the ______ branch of the CNVIII carries carries nerve impulse generated by hearing receptor

malleus

the auditory ossicle known as the hammer

incus

the auditory ossicle that articulates with the malleus and the head of the stapes

malleus

the auditory ossicle that attaches to the tympanic membrane and body of the incus

stapes

the auditory ossicles that articulates with the incus and fits into the oval window

Basal Cells

the cell type of olfactory epithelium that are undifferentiated stem cells

olfactory cells

the cell type of olfactory epithelium that contain neurons that transmit the signal to the bulb.

supporting cells

the cell type of olfactory epithelium that provide metabolic support for the basal cells and the olfactory cells.

air

the external and middle ear are ____ filled

pinna

the external part of the ear in humans

olfactory trigeminal

the fast adapting olfaction nerve is the _____ nerve and the slow adapting olfaction nerve is the ______ nerve

olfactory nerve

the first cranial nerve

fluid

the internal ear is _____ filled

bitter

the lowest threshold of the taste bud sensations is _____

eardrum oval window

the middle ear conveys sound vibrations from ______ to the ______ ____

papillae

the more technical term for taste buds

foramina cribriform

the olfactory pathway extends through olfactory ______ in the ______ plate

cerebral cortex

the primary gustatory area is where conscious perception taste occurs, and is located in the ______ ______ of the brain

tympani

the scala ___ ends in the round window

Vestibuli

the scala ______ ends in the oval window

stapedius

the smallest muscle in the human body

helix lobule

the superior part of the pinna is the _____ and the inferior part is the ______

umami

the taste involved with meaty or savory taste

tensor tympani and stapedius

the two ossicles muscles that increase tension on eardrum to prevent damage to inner ear from loud noises

Otoscope

tool that illluminates and magnifies external auditory canal and tympanic membrane

monosodium glutamate

umami taste is believed to come from ________ ______ receptors

Sensorineural

what type of hearing loss benefits from hearing aids, because they convert sound energy to electrical signals

weber test

which test strike a tuning fork and place it medially on the subject's forehead

Rinne Test

which test strike a tuning fork and touch the subject's mastoid process to test hearing by bone conduction