PET3323C Lab 3 Special Senses pt 1 Smell, Taste, and Hearing
Auditory Nerve
1
Auricle
1
Olfactory epithelium
1
Stapes in Oval window
1
cochlea
1
malleus
1
Cochlea
2
Cribriform plate
2
Helicotrema
2
auditory branch(vestibulocochlear nerve)
2
incus
2
malleus
2
Cochlear duct (scala media)
3
Semicircular canals
3
facial branch(vestibulocochlear nerve)
3
incus
3
olfactory bulb
3
stapes
3
Scala Tympani
4
Tensor Tympani muscle
4
Vestibule
4
olfactory nerves
4
stapes
4
Scala vestibuli
5
Semicircular Canals
5
nostril
5
semicircular canal
5
tympanic membrane
5
Round window
6
Stapedius muscle
6
Tympanic Membrane
6
cochlea
6
Auditory tube
7
auditory tube
7
External auditory canal
8
smell
80-90% of flavor is _______
Tympanic Membrane (eardrum)
9
perforated
A ______ eardrum is a rupture or hole of the eardrum which can occur as a result of otitis media (ear infection), trauma (e.g. by trying to clean the ear with qtip), explosion, loud noise or surgery (accidental creation of a rupture).
nasopharynx
Auditory tube connects middle ear with _______
olfactory nerves
Bundles of unmyelinated axons of olfactory receptors cells form the right and left ____ ____
pinna
External ear infection will have pain that is intensified by moving the ______
keratin
Filiform papillae release ______(protein)
facial
Fungiform papillae is innervated the _____ nerve
hairs
Gustatory Receptor cells Contains gustatory _____ that project through at a taste pore
10
Gustatory Receptor cells have a life span of ___ days
3
Olfactory epithelium has _ different cell types
Olfactory epithelium
Receptors for smell contained within a small region in the superior part of the nasal cavity called the _____ ______
olfactory trigeminal
Sense of smell depends on proper function of ____ nerve and ____ nerve
wine tasters
Some people capitalize on their ability to pick up small differences in odors by becoming _____ ______
1 5
Taste adaptation occurs in __ - ___ mins
primary olfactory
The _____ _____ area of the cerebral cortex is where conscious awareness of smell begins
facial glossopharyngeal
The _____ nerve innervates the 2/3 anterior of the tongue and the _____ nerve does the 1/3 posterior of the tongue
organ
The olfactory epithelium is the _____ of smell
cerebral cortex
The primary olfactory area of the _____ _____ is where conscious awareness of smell begins
facial Glossopharyngeal
Vallate papillae are innervated by the ______ nerve and _____ nerve
Trigeminal
______ nerve is used when smelling harsh chemicals (cooling or irritating sensations) such as peppermint, onions, or cinnamon.
Vallate
______ papillae are Largest in size but fewest in number
Vallate
______ papillae are located posterior
fungiform
______ papillae are mush-room shaped elevations scattered over the entire tongue surface; most are near the anterior tip
filiform
______ papillae covers the entire surface of the tongue; contains tactile receptors that↑ friction between tongue and food
Filiform
______ papillae give tongue the rough texture
ceruminous
_______ glands secrete earwax
Foliate
_______ papillae are located on lateral borders of the tongue and taste buds are in folds on the sides of the papillae
filiform
_______ papillae increase friction so food doesn't slide down throat
olfactory
________ glands produce musus
filiform
________ papillae lacks taste buds
cribriform
a laceration in olfactory Nerve via punch in the nose breaking the ______ plate may sever the olfactory nerve
external auditory canal
a tube running from the pinna of the outer ear to the tympanic membrane of the middle ear
tympanic membrane
boundary between outer and middle ear
Sensorineural hearing loss
damaged to hearing receptors, cochlear branch of vestibulocochlear nerve or to neural pathway to auditory cortex
conducive hearing loss
decreased ability to conduct energy of sound waves through external ear to inner ear
auditory tube
during swallowing and yawning, the _____ ____ opens, allowing air to enter or leave the middle ear until the [middle ear] pressure equals atmospheric pressure
anosmia
loss of sense of smell
olfactory bulbs
masses of gray matter in the brain where olfactory nerves terminate
oval window
membrane covered opening that separates the middle ear from the inner ear...transfers vibrations to inner ear
temperature texture smell
name 3 things other than taste bud sensations that affect taste
olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells, basal cells
name the 3 different cell types of olfactory epithelium
gustatory receptor cells supporting cells basal cells
name the 3 types of cells involved with gustation
sweet sour bitter salty umami
name the 5 taste bud sensations
low
olfaction is considered to have a ____ threshold, where few molecules need to be present to be perceived as odor
mucous
olfactory epithelium is covered with _______ because stuff has to be dissolved in liquid for it to bind olfactory hairs
nasal
olfactory epithelium located in the roof of the _____ canal
facial
olfactory glands are innervated by the _______ nerve
month
olfactory receptor cells are replaced every _____
olfactory hairs
olfactory receptor cells contain ____ _____ that respond to inhaled odorants
bipolar
olfactory receptor cells have _____ neurons
Round window
opening between middle ear and cochlea
olfactory tract
posterior extension of olfactory bulb neurons
organ of corti
sensory transduction apparatus of cochlea
auditory ossicles
the 3 small bones in the body located in the inner ear are called the ______ ______, and transfer vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the oval window
external
the _____ ear collects sounds and waves and channels them inward
middle
the _____ ear conveys sound vibrations from eardrum to the oval window
internal
the _____ ear houses receptors for hearing and equilibrium
primary gustatory
the ______ ______ area is where conscious perception taste occurs
external auditory canal
the ______ _______ _____ contain few hairs and ceruminous glands that secrete earwax
tympanic membrane
the ______ ________ converts sound waves to vibrations that are transferred to middle ear structures
vestibular
the ______ branch of the CNVIII carries carries nerve impulse generated by equilibrium receptor
cochlear
the ______ branch of the CNVIII carries carries nerve impulse generated by hearing receptor
malleus
the auditory ossicle known as the hammer
incus
the auditory ossicle that articulates with the malleus and the head of the stapes
malleus
the auditory ossicle that attaches to the tympanic membrane and body of the incus
stapes
the auditory ossicles that articulates with the incus and fits into the oval window
Basal Cells
the cell type of olfactory epithelium that are undifferentiated stem cells
olfactory cells
the cell type of olfactory epithelium that contain neurons that transmit the signal to the bulb.
supporting cells
the cell type of olfactory epithelium that provide metabolic support for the basal cells and the olfactory cells.
air
the external and middle ear are ____ filled
pinna
the external part of the ear in humans
olfactory trigeminal
the fast adapting olfaction nerve is the _____ nerve and the slow adapting olfaction nerve is the ______ nerve
olfactory nerve
the first cranial nerve
fluid
the internal ear is _____ filled
bitter
the lowest threshold of the taste bud sensations is _____
eardrum oval window
the middle ear conveys sound vibrations from ______ to the ______ ____
papillae
the more technical term for taste buds
foramina cribriform
the olfactory pathway extends through olfactory ______ in the ______ plate
cerebral cortex
the primary gustatory area is where conscious perception taste occurs, and is located in the ______ ______ of the brain
tympani
the scala ___ ends in the round window
Vestibuli
the scala ______ ends in the oval window
stapedius
the smallest muscle in the human body
helix lobule
the superior part of the pinna is the _____ and the inferior part is the ______
umami
the taste involved with meaty or savory taste
tensor tympani and stapedius
the two ossicles muscles that increase tension on eardrum to prevent damage to inner ear from loud noises
Otoscope
tool that illluminates and magnifies external auditory canal and tympanic membrane
monosodium glutamate
umami taste is believed to come from ________ ______ receptors
Sensorineural
what type of hearing loss benefits from hearing aids, because they convert sound energy to electrical signals
weber test
which test strike a tuning fork and place it medially on the subject's forehead
Rinne Test
which test strike a tuning fork and touch the subject's mastoid process to test hearing by bone conduction