Physical Science unit 3

Identify the charge on an ion of chlorine

-1

How many outer shell electrons are in Na?

1

Identify the number of electrons in 35 17Cl

17

An incident light ray strikes a mirror with an angle of 30 degrees to the normal to the mirror. What is the angle of the reflected ray measured from the normal?

30 degrees

A particular element is located in coulumn IVA of the periodic table. How many dots would be placed around the symbol of this element in its electron dot notation?

4

Identify the number of neutrons in 7 3Li

4

Identify the period that has Potassium.

4

Identify the number of protons in 14 7N.

7

What is the chemical symbol for Argon?

Ar

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

Au

What is the chemical symbol for iron?

Fe

What is the chemical symbol for potassium?

K

What is the chemical symbol for Sodium?

Na

Identify the family that has Bromine.

VIIA

A sample of a salt and water solution is homogeneous throughout. Is this sample a mixture or a pure substance?

a mixture, because it can have a variable composition

Members of family IA of the periodic table, having commonproperties of shiny, low-density metals that can be cut with a knife and that reactviolently with water to form an alkaline solution

alkali metals

Members of family IIA of the periodic table, having commonproperties of soft, reactive metals that are less reactive than alkali metals

alkaline earth metals

Elements that can have several different structures with different physical properties are

allotropic forms

The mass of any isotope is based on the mass of

an isotope of carbon, which is assigned a mass of 12

The smallest unit of an element that can exist alone or in combination with other elements

atom

If you want to know the number of protons in an atom of a given element, you would look up the

atomic number

Which of the following represents a chemical change?

burning a sheet of paper

Name the ionic compound Cr 2O 3 formed from variable charge transition elements.

chromium (II) oxide

A pure chemical substance that can be decomposed by a chemical change into simpler substances with a fixed mass ratio

compound

Read "A Closer Look: Optics" and answer the following: Convex lenses are also called ________ lenses.

converging

What type of lens is used for a magnifying glass?

convex

One element is in the VA family of the periodic table, and a second is in the VIA family. What type of compound will these two elements form?

covalent

Which type of chemical bond is formed between two atoms by the sharing of two electrons, with one electron from each atom?

covalent

A chemical bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons

covalent bond

The isotopes of a given element always have

different masses and the same chemical behavior

From "A Closer Look: Optics": Concave lenses are also called _____ lenses.

diverging

The comparative ability of atoms of an element to attract bonding electrons

electronegativity

A pure chemical substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical or physical means; the fundamental materials of which all matter is made

element

Vertical columns of the periodic table consisting of elements that have similar properties

family

Member of family VIIA of the periodic table, having common properties of very reactive nonmetallic elements common in salt compounds

halogens

Physical mixture that appears to have two or more components

heterogenous mixture

Physical mixture that appears to have only one component

homogenous mixture

An atom or a particle that has a net charge because of the gain or loss ofelectrons

ion

One element is in the IA family of the periodic table, and a second is in the VIIA family. What type of compound will the two elements form?

ionic

Chemical bond of electrostatic attraction between negative and positive ions

ionic bond

Which type of chemical bond is formed by a transfer of electrons?

ionic bonds

Salts, such as sodium chloride are what type of compounds?

ionic compounds

Name the ionic compound FeO formed from a variable charge transition element.

iron (II) oxide

Atoms of an element with identical chemical properties but with different masses; atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

isotope

Which of the following represents a physical change?

making an iron bar into a magnet

The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus;used to identify isotopes; for example, uranium 238

mass number

Anything that occupies space and has mass

matter

Matter having the physical properties of conductivity, malleability, ductility, and luster

metal

Which combination of elements forms crystalline solids that will dissolve in water, producing a solution of ions that can conduct an electric current?

metal and non metal

Matter made of unlike parts that have a variable composition and can be separated into their component parts by physical means

mixtures

From the chemical point of view: a particle composed of two or more atoms held together by an attractive force called a chemical bond; from the kinetic theory point of view: smallest particle of a compound or gaseous element that can exist and still retain the characteristic properties of a substance

molecule

Members of family VIII of the periodic table, having common properties of colorless, odorless, chemically inert gases; also known as rare gases or inert gases

noble gases

An element that is brittle (when a solid), does not have a metallic luster, is a poor conductor of heat and electricity, and is not malleable or ductile

nonmetal

In a single covalent bond between atoms,

pair of electrons, one from each atom, is shared

Horizontal rows of elements with increasing atomic numbers;runs from left to right on the element table

period

The different physical forms that matter can take as a result of different molecular arrangements, examples are solid, liquid, or gas

phase of matter

A covalent bond in which there is an unequal sharing of bonding electrons

polar covalent bond

Ion made up of many atoms

polyatomic ion

Materials that are the same throughout and have a fixed definite composition

pure substances

Name given to the members of the A-group families of the periodic table; also called the main-group elements

representative elements

Use the periodic table to determine if silicon is a metal, a nonmetal, or a semiconductor.

semiconductor

If you want to know the number of neutrons in an atom of a given element, you would

subtract the atomic number from the mass number

Members of the B-group families of the periodic table

transition elements

Electrons of the outermost shell; the electrons that determine the chemical properties of an atom and the electrons that participate in chemical bonding

valence electrons

The electrons that participate in chemical bonding are (the)

valence electrons