Physics final exam
A 10-N falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance. The net force on it is
0 N
a 10-N falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance. The net force on it is
0 N
An object travels 8 m in the 1st second of travel, 8 m again during the 2nd second of travel, and 8 m again during the 3rd second. Its acceleration is
0 m/s
A sack of potatoes weighing 200 N falls from an airplane. As the velocity of fall increases, air resistance also increases. When air resistance equals 200 N, the sack's acceleration is
0 m/s2
If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 Hz, its period is
0.1 s.
When an apple that weighs 1 N is dropped and freely falls, the net force on the apple is
1 N
A 10-kg block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block is
1 m/s2
A piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the putty sticks to the ball, both move with a combined momentum of
1 unit
when you squeeze a party balloon to 0.8 its volume, the pressure in the balloon is
1.25 times greater
A pair of 1-ohm resistors connected in series is 2 ohms, and when connected in parallel is
1/2 ohm
If the frequency of a particular wave is 20 Hz, its period is
1/20 second
The frequency of the second hand on a clock is
1/60 Hz.
Suppose the potential energy of a drawn bow is 50 joules and the kinetic energy of the shot arrow is 40 joules. Then
10 J go to warming the bow
the supports force on a 10-N book that rests on a horizontal surface is
10 N
If you do 10 J of work to push 1 coulomb of charge into an electric field, its voltage with respect to its starting position is
10 V
The buoyant force that acts on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean is
10 tons
A melon is tossed straight upward with 100 J of kinetic energy. If air resistance is negligible the melon will return to its initial level with a kinetic energy of
100 J
A woman who normally weighs 400 N stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one Earth-radius above Earth's surface. What is her weight there?
100 N
which has the greatest density
100 kg lead
What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?
100 tons
The Milky Way galaxy is about
100,000 light years in diameter.
A wave having a frequency of 1000 Hz vibrates at
1000 cycles per second.
How many vibrations per second are associated with a 101-MHz radio wave?
101,000,000
Escape speed from Earth is
11.2 km/s.
The current through a 10-ohm resistor connected to a 120-V power supply is
12 A
A tow truck exerts a force of 3000 N on a car that accelerates at 2 m/s2. What is the mass of the car?
1500 kg
What is the mass of a ball moving at 3 m/s with a momentum of 48 kg∙m/s?
16 kg
Daisy weighs 120 N and carries Trixie who weighs 40 N on her back. The support force on Daisy's feet is
160 N
The number of moons in orbit around Mars is
2
when you stand 2 meters in front of a plane mirror, your image is
2 m in back of mirror and 2 m in front
A 10-kg block is pushed across a friction-free horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N. The acceleration of the block is
2 m/s2
A 10-kg block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 30 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block is
2 m/s2
A commercial jet has a mass of 5000 kg. During takeoff the thrust of its engine is 10,000 N, producing an acceleration of
2 m/s2
A 4-ohm and 6-ohm resistor connected in parallel have an equivalent resistance of
2.4 ohms
The range of human hearing is about
20 Hz - 20,000 Hz.
a 50-N object falling in air experiences 30 N of air resistance. The amount of net force on the falling object is
20 N
If a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 m/s2, then its speed reading would increase each second by
20 m/s
Resonance occurs when a 200-Hz tuning fork encounters a sound wave with a frequency of
200 hz
A 1000-kg car accelerates at 2 m/s2. What is the net force exerted on the car?
2000 N
A 1000-kg truck moving at 10 m/s that brakes to a stop in 5 s has an average braking force of
2000 N
The electric power of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V is
240 W
In an ideal pulley system, a woman lifts a 100-N crate by pulling a rope downward with a force of 25 N. For every 1-meter length of rope she pulls downward, the crate rises
25 centi
a certain machine is 30% efficient. this means the machine will convert
30% input to useful work and the other to is wasted
When a 500-N parachutist opens his chute and experiences 800 N of air resistance, the net force on him is
300 N upward
With no air resistance, a projectile fired at 60° has the same range as if it were fired at
30°
You heat a half-cup of tea and its temperature rises by 8C. How much will the temperature rise if you add the same amount of heat to a full cup of tea?
4
The nearest star system closest to our Sun is about
4 light years away
A radio signal emitted from Earth would take about
4 years to leave our galaxy.
A boat at anchor is rocked by waves whose crests are 40 m apart and with wave speed 10 m/s. These waves reach the boat once every
4.0 s.
A music console is pushed 2 m by a force of 20 N. The work done on the console is
40 J
If you toss a ball straight upward at 40 m/s with no air resistance, 6 seconds later its speed is
40 m/s
An 800-N man stands at rest with his weight evenly distributed on two bathroom scales. The reading on each scale is
400 N
Both ends of a piece of rope are pulled by two people in a tug-of-war. If each pulls with a 400-N force, the tension in the rope is
400 N
A current of 4 A exist in the primary coil of a transformer powered with 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil?
440 W
When a 10-N object is suspended at rest by two vertical strands of rope, the tension in each rope is
5 N
an object is pulled with two forces, 10 N northward and 15 N southward. The magnitude of the net force if
5 N
A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. One second after leaving your hand it drops a vertical distance of
5 m
As the ball leaves the girl's hand, one second later it will have fallen
5 m below the dashed line
The value of a resistor that carries 2 A when connected to 10 V is
5 ohms
Nelle runs the length of a 100-yard football field in a time of 20 sec. her average running speed is
5 yards/second
The age of the Sun is about
5.5 billion years
A girl pushes a cart to the left with a 100-N force. A boy pushes it to the right with a 50-N force. The net force exerted on the cart is
50 N to the left
Using 1000 J of work, a toy elevator is raised from the ground floor to the second floor in 20 s. How much power does the elevator use?
50 W
Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1°C requires
50 calories
A projectile is launched straight upward at 50 m/s. Neglecting air resistance its speed upon returning to its starting point is
50 m/s
Joshua is attracted toward Earth by a 500-N gravitational force. The Earth is attracted toward Joshua with a force of
500 N
Phil stands at rest with both feet on a scale that reads 500 N. After he gently lifts one foot, the scale reads
500 N
When Danny Diver who weighs 500 N steps off a diving board 10 m above the water, he hits the water with kinetic energy of
5000 J.
What beat frequency is produced by 240-Hz and a 246-Hz tuning forks?
6 Hz
A 10-N falling object encounters 4 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is
6 N
A block is dragged at constant velocity across a level surface by a force of 6 N. What is the force of friction between the block and the surface?
6 N
A wave travels an average distance of 6 m in 1 s. What is the wave's average velocity?
6 m/s
The equivalent (combined) resistance of 1-ohm, 2-ohm, and 3-ohm in series is about
6 ohms
Does a 3-meter deep lake or a 6-meter deep small pond exert more pressure on a dam?
6-meter deep sm pond
a ball tossed at an angle of 30 with the horizontal will go as far downrange as one tossed at the same speed at an angle of
60
An ideal transformer has 50 turns in its primary and 250 turns in its secondary. When 12-V ac is connected to the primary, the voltage available to the secondary is
60 V
Six seconds after starting from rest, a freely-falling baseball has a speed of
60 m/s
The period of the second hand on a clock is
60 s.
The percentage of the Earth's surface covered by ocean is about
70%
A projectile is launched at an angle of 15° above the horizontal and lands downrange. With no air resistance, what other projection angle for the same speed would produce the same downrange distance?
75°
A 2-kg mass weighs 20 N and is held 4 m above the ground. Its potential energy relative to the ground is
80 J
A transformer has an input of 6 V and an output of 42 V. If the input is changed to 12 V, the output would be
84w
The fundamental frequency of a violin string is 440 hertz. The frequency of its second harmonic is
880 hertz
In a dream you're in a car traveling at 50 km/h and you bump into another car traveling toward you at 48 km/h. The speed of impact is
98km/h
which has zero acceration
ALL OF THE ABOVE object in mechanical equilibrium or at constant velocity an object at rest
What are the relative compositions of the materials from which stars form?
About 74% hydrogen, about 24% helium, no more than 2% other materials
A circus diver drops from a high pole into water far below. When he is half-way down
All of the above
which is the better statement?
An object that absorbs energy well is black
Evidence of the solar wind on Earth is the
Aurora Borealis.
The stars Procyon and Betelgeuse both appear equally bright to Earthbound viewers. Yet Betelgeuse emits 5000 times more light than Procyon. Why do they appear to be equally bright?
Because Betelgeuse is much farther than Procyon
For what reason was Pluto demoted from full planetary status in 2006?
Because of objects as large or larger than Pluto in the Kuiper belt
Which of these scientists pioneered the study of electricity?
Benjamin Franklin
On which temperature scale is 0 degrees the freezing point of water?
Celsius
A bucket of cement is raised by a rope at constant speed at a construction site. Compared with the force of gravity on the bucket, the upward force on the bucket supplied by the rope is
EQUAL
Temperature differences between nighttime and daytime on Earth are relatively small due to
Earth's relatively high daily spin rate and shortness of nighttime.
which of these statements is true
Electric current is a flow of electric charge.
On which temperature scale is 212 degrees the boiling point of water?
Fahrenheit
consider a problem that asks for distance a fast-moving crate slides across a factory floor in coming to a stop. the most useful equation for solving this problem si
Fd = ^1/2mv2
The unit of resistance is named after
Georg Simon Ohm. Submit
What makes Europa the most likely place extraterrestrial life will be found in our solar system?
It has an ocean of liquid water, which is warmed by tidal force interaction with Jupiter, and may house underwater volcanic thermal vents.
A Mack truck and a Mini Cooper traveling at the same speed collide head-on. The vehicle to undergo the greatest change in velocity will be the
Mini Cooper
An object is pulled with three forces: one at 20 N to the right, another at 40 N to the right, and the third at 30 N to the left. The net force is
NOT**none of the above 60 to left or right 30 to left
What constitutes over half of Jupiter's volume?
Oceans of liquid hydrogen
Which will cool faster when removed from a furnace?
Silver
The reason that the Moon takes on a crescent shape each month has to do with the
Sun's position.
Which explanation best describes why Earth observers always see the same face of the moon?
The Moon's rate of spin matches the rate at which the Moon revolves around Earth.
What is the reference that astronomers use to denote the luminosity of stars?
The luminosity of the Sun
Dwarf planet Pluto was discovered by perturbations of
Uranus and Neptune
atmospheric pressure is caused by
Weight of Earth's atmosphere
The rapid change of an electric field induces
a magnetic field
Which of the following has the largest momentum relative to Earth?
a pickup truck speeding along a highway
Action and reaction forces are parts of
a single interaction
the reason a person finds it easier to float in salt water, compared with fresh water, is that in salt water
a smaller volume of water is displaced
The Milky Way is
a spiral galaxy.
in science, a theory is
a synthesis of a large body of well-tested knowledge
Which of these, both of the same length, has the greater electrical resistance?
a thin copper wire
technology is mainly
a tool of science
When a solid is changed to a liquid phase, the solid
absorbs energy
The greenish blue of water is evidence for the
absorption of red light
If you weigh yourself in an elevator, you'll weigh more when the elevator
accelerates upward
Your friend says that any radio wave travels appreciably faster than any sound wave.
agree with your friend unconditionally
An umbrella tends to jerk upward on a windy day principally because
air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface.
The Doppler effect is a characteristic of
all
The air in your cousin's room has
all
The circular path of a satellite orbiting Earth is characterized by a constant
all
To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water
all
Wave interference occurs for waves of
all
When a change of magnetic field occurs in a closed loop of wire,
all
When you place a sealed can of air on a hot stove burner, the can undergoes an increase in
all
A motor scooter undergoes acceleration when it
all of the above
A truly educated person is knowledgeable about
all of the above
The Milky Way galaxy is
all of the above
Without air resistance, a projectile fired horizontally at 8 km/s from a mountain top will
all of the above
You experience weightlessness
all of the above
a moving object has
all of the above
the amount of friction that occurs when two blocks slide against each other depends on
all of the above
which of the following involves passion, talent, and intelligence
all of the above
When evaporation occurs in a dish of water, the molecules remaining in the water
all of these
Science, art, and religion do not contradict one another because
all three operate in different domains
which of these would not exist if light didn't slow in transparent materials
all wouldn't be
The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction
along the direction of wave travel. Submit
If your mass doubles, your weight
also doubles
When current reverses direction in a wire, the surrounding magnetic field
also reverses direction. Submit
A transformer requires
alternating voltage.
A hydraulic press, like an inclined plane, is capable of increasing energy.
always false
Identical waves superimposed out of phase produce a wave of decreased
amplitude
Loudness of sound is most closely related to
amplitude
If an electric charge is rapidly shaken up and down,
an electromagnetic wave is produced. Submit
an electromagnet can be made stronger by both
an increaseing # of turns of wire and increasing the current in coil
The energy source for a generator may be
any
When you buy a water pipe in a hardware store, the water isn't included. When you buy copper wire, electrons
are already in the wire
The electric charge of all electrons
are identical
An archer shoots an arrow. If the action force is the bowstring on the arrow, the reaction is the
arrow's push on the bowstring.
When we see a half-moon, the position of the Sun is
at right angles to a line from Earth to the Moon.
When you simultaneously drop a light tennis ball and a heavy bowling ball, they hit the floor
at the same speed.
A heavy object and a light object in a vacuum are dropped at the same time from rest. The heavier object reaches the ground
at the same time as the lighter object.
Earth satellites are typically more than 100-km high so as to mainly be above the Earth's
atmosphere
No greenhouse effect occurs on Mercury because of no
atmosphere
In the vacuum of outer space far from our Sun, there is no
atmospheric pressure.
Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles
attract
The pair of protons in the nucleus of a helium atom
attracts a pair of orbiting electrons.
A beam of light emerges from water into air at an angle bent
away from normal
The solar wind blows in a direction
away from sun
A player hits a ball with a bat. If one part of the interaction is the bat against the ball, the other part is the
ball against the bat.
Direct current is normally produced by a
battery
If Burl carried Paul piggy-back while standing in the middle of a scaffold, the tensions in the two supporting ropes would
be equal
As entropy in a system increases, energy within the system
becomes less ordered.
The different colors of the spectrum
blend from one to another.
Which has the highest frequency?
blue
Which star will emit the shortest wavelength of its peak frequency?
blue
A dolphin perceives its environment by the sense of
both
Although warm air rises, why are mountaintops cold and snow covered, while the valleys below are relatively warm and green?
both
An electron beam directed through a magnetic field
both
Because of trapped air inside, snow is a
both
Current in a conductor can be increased by
both
Electromagnetic waves can travel in
both
If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from the Moon, the first signal to reach Earth would be
both
If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its
both
Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they
both
Melting and freezing are
both
No net force acts on a loop of wire in a magnetic field when
both
Surrounding every moving electron is
both
The discovery of electromagnetic induction is credited to
both
The natural frequency of an object depends on its
both
The rise in ocean levels is due to
both
The temperature of melting ice is
both
Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and you'll induce
both
Which signal will be heard first?
both
the quantity of heat is needed to raise the temp of certain substance of specific amount of 1 calorie. this is the same amount of energy as
both
A very massive object A and a less massive object B move toward each other under the influence of gravity. Which force, if either, is greater?
both forces on each other are the same Submit
A hunter fires a bullet from a horizontally—held rifle while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the side of the rifle. The bullet to hit the ground first is
both hit at the same time
Heat energy is measured in units of
both joules and calories
If the Sun were twice as massive,
both of these
Padded dashboards in cars are safer in an accident than non-padded ones because a person hitting the dash has
both of these
Pascal's principle applies to
both of these
Which requires more work: lifting a 50-kg sack vertically 2 m or lifting a 25-kg sack vertically 4 m?
both require the same amount of work Submit
A weak and strong magnet repel each other. The greater repelling force is by the
both the stronger and weaker magnet
Water pressure is greatest against the
bottom of a submerged object.
The bob of a simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at the
bottom of its swing.
A karate chop is more effective if one's hand
bounces upon impact.
Moving electric charges will interact with
btoh
The frequency with which a magnet plunges into and out of a wire coil equals the frequency of the induced
btoh
As a wave-generating object moves through a medium, the waves ahead
bunch up
Compared with the current in the primary coil of a transformer, the current in the secondary coil
can be greater or less.
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Mars is
carbon dioxide
The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is
carbon dioxide
As you jump up and down on a floor, the support force by the floor experiences
changes
When a satellite travels at constant speed, the shape of its path is
circle
Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire
circle the wire in closed loops.
The temperature of a star is evidenced by its
color
We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are
condensing on our bodies.
When a sample of 0C water is heated, it first
contracts
Blow on your hand and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is
cool
when a liquid is brought to a boil, the boiling process tends to
cool the liquid
The process of boiling water tends to
cool the water.
An ampere is a unit of electric
current
When you double the voltage in a simple electric circuit, you double the
current
If Earth radiated more energy than it absorbs from the Sun, Earth's average temperature would
decrease
If Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, your weight would
decrease to one-half.
As a hot iron ring cools, the diameter of the hole
decreases
As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source
decreases
Each second, the burning Sun's mass
decreases
When work is done by a system and heat is subtracted, the temperature of the system
decreases
If Earth's mass somehow decreased with no change in its radius, your weight would
decreases alod
Wind blowing over the top of a hill
decreases atmospheric pressure there.
When a loaf of bread is compressed, its
density increases.
When the same amount of heat is added to each of the two containers of water, the temperature increase in each will
depend on the amount of water in each
When you read from a printed page, you're seeing reflected light that is
diffuse
A ball tossed vertically upward reaches its highest point and then falls back to its starting point. During this up-and-down motion the acceleration of the ball is always
directed downward
the magnetic force on a moving charged particle can change the particles
direction
A light year is a unit of
distance
Whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts, work involves the
distance that a force acts.
Aristotle treated motion by
dividing it into two classes
If the mass of one planet is somehow doubled, the force of gravity between it and a neighboring planet would
double
A freight train rolls along a track with considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same speed but has twice as much mass, its momentum is
doubled
When the voltage across a steady resistance is doubled, the current
doubled
When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume at constant temperature, the gas pressure
doubles
When the speed of an object is doubled,
doubles
When no air resistance acts on a fast-moving baseball, its acceleration is
downward
An object is placed exactly halfway between the Earth and the Moon. The object will fall toward the
earth
When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a lunar eclipse, the body that is in between the other two is the
earth
A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves
either
When sound waves superimpose they can interfere
either
Which has the greater momentum when moving?
either of these depending on speed Submit
A positive ion has a deficiency of
electrons
The electric current in a copper wire is normally composed of
electrons
A simple machine CANNOT multiply
energy
What any type of field generation cannot create is
energy
The most underlying feature of machines is
energy conservation.
Power is the rate at which
energy is transferred.
In a hydraulic device, it is impossible for the
energy output to exceed the energy input
When Jean standing on slippery ice catches her leaping dog Daisy, the momentum of both Jean and Daisy after the catch is
equal to their combined momentum before the catch. Submit
Compared with the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is
equally hige
After taking a shower and stepping outside the shower stall, the chill you often feel is mainly due to
evaporation
A moving van with a stone lightly glued to the midpoint of its ceiling smoothly moves at constant velocity. When the glue gives way, the stone falls and hits the floor
exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling.
When a sample of 4C water is cooled, it
expands
When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and occupy more space, which results in thermal
expansion
In contrast to Aristotle's way of explaining nature, Galileo relied on
experiment
Success in science is mainly linked to emphasis on
experiments
If glass expanded more than mercury in a thermometer, then with rising temperature the column of mercury would
fall
Blood pressure is normally greater in your
feet
Ellyn heats a metal ring that has the same inner diamante as the diameter of the metal ball. when the ring is hot, the room-temp ball
fits into the hole with more room to sapre
A spinning cloud of interstellar gas tends to
flatten
The concept of pressure involves both
force and area.
How far must one travel to completely be beyond Earth's gravity?
forget it; you can't travel far enough
Which of these forms of energy is NOT renewable?
fossil fuel power
Different colors of light correspond to different light
frequencies
When a fire engine approaches you, the
frequency of sound increases
The frequency of a generated electromagnetic wave matches the
frequency of vibrating charges that produced it.
When a hot cup is filled with cold water, the direction of heat flow is
from the cup to the water
When you touch a hot penny in the sunlight with your finger, energy flows
from the penny to your finger.
When you touch a piece of ice with your finger, energy flows
from your finger to the ice.
science and technology are
fundamentally different from each other
Which is smallest?
galaxy
A device that transforms mechanical energy to electrical energy is a
generator
Alternating current is normally produced by a
generator
when a scientists is dishonest and reports false information, he or she
gets no second chance in the scientific community
Most meteors seen as shooting stars are about the size of
grains of sand.
A heavy truck and a small car roll down a hill at the same speed and need to stop in the same amount of time. Compared with the force to stop the car, the force needed to stop the truck is
greater
Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is
greater
Compared with the period of satellites in orbit close to Earth, the period of satellites in orbit far from Earth is
greater
Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. Compared with the density of seawater, the density of a lobster is
greater
When an elevator accelerates upward, your weight reading on a scale is
greater
Airplane lift is achieved when air pressure on the bottom of its wings is
greater than pressure on top. Submit
According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the
greater the gravitational force between them. Submit
Scientific equations in a conceptual course are mainly
guides to thinking about the relationships between concepts
Freight car A is moving toward identical freight car B that is at rest. When they collide, both freight cars couple together. Compared with the initial speed of freight car A, the speed of the coupled freight cars is
half
To say a circuit is dc is to say that current in the circuit
has a single direction.
Most white dwarfs
have relatively hot surfaces.
If you break a bar magnet in half you'll
have two magnets.
An iron ball and a wooden ball of the same size are dropped from a tall tower. Taking air resistance into consideration, the object to hit the ground first will be the
heavier iron ball
Both heavy and light molecules make up a sample of gas. On average, the slower molecules are the
heavy ones
Which contracts more when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of
helium
Which of these singly ionized atoms of the same speed will curve most in a magnetic field?
heluim
If a good absorber of radiant energy were a poor emitter, its temperature compared with its surroundings would be
higher
The direction of natural processes is from states of
higher order to lower order. Submit
Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has
higher temperature, but less thermal energy.
A piece of pizza is normally a net radiator of energy when its temperature is
higher than its surroundings.
The glare seen from water is largely
horizontally polarized
Stars to the upper right of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram tend to be relatively
huge
In a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, the faster molecules on average are
hydrogen
Most of the atoms in the universe are thought to be
hydrogen
in science, an educated guess is a
hypothesis
Sound travels fastest in
ice
The temperature at which water freezes is the same as the temperature at which
ice melts.
A cannonball fired from a long-barrel cannon will have a greater muzzle velocity because the cannonball receives a greater
impulse
A cannonball shot from a long barrel will emerge with greater speed, because the cannonball receives a greater
impulse
When the force that produces an impulse acts for twice as much time, the impulse is
increased by two times
As a bowling ball that rolls off the edge of a table falls, its vertical component of motion
increases
As more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current in the power source
increases
Heat a copper wire and its electric resistance
increases
If a pizza absorbs more energy than it emits, its temperature
increases
If an object's mass is decreasing while a constant force is applied to the object, the acceleration
increases
If you quickly run toward the orchestra at a concert, the frequency of the sound you hear will be
increases
Two objects move toward each other due to gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the acceleration of each
increases
When you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an egg beater, their temperature
increases
when work is done on a system, compressing air in a tire pump for example, the temp of the system
increases
For each 1-degree increase in temperature above 0°C, the speed of sound in air
increases by 0.6 m/s.
When the distance between a pair of stars decreases by half, the force between them
increases to four times as much.
Your garage gets messier each week. In this case, the entropy of your garage is
increasing
When dishes remain on a table when you yank the tablecloth beneath them, you're demonstrating
inertia
Which of the following normally warms up faster when heat is applied?
iron
The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a
iron rod
Your bare feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug
is a better insulator than tile.
compared with the primary rainbow, the secondary bow
is dimmer, has colors reversed, and is caused by two internal reflections
If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period
is halved
Ice cubes submerged at the bottom of a liquid mixture indicate that the mixture
is less dense than ice.
When gas in a container expands to three times its volume at constant temperature, the gas pressure
is one third.
Whenever the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration
is zero
when a liquid changes to a gas
it absorbs energy
If you drop a bar magnet in a vertical copper pipe it will fall slowly because
it induces a magnetic field in the pipe that resists motion of the magnet.
The North Star has very little apparent rotation in the night sky because
it lies directly above the Earth's axis of spin.
The greatest expansion of water among the following occurs when
it turns to ice.
Compared with a motor, a generator is
its opposite
a probe in deep space continues its motion due to
its own inertia
A star's color tells us
its surface temperature.
Galileo said that if you rolled a ball along a level surface it would
keep rolling without slowing down if no friction acted upon it
A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the
kelvin scale
A mixture of light and heavy molecules make up a sample of gas. If the temperature of the gas is constant, then all the molecules have the same average
kinetic energy
Whether one object is warmer than another object has most to do with molecular
kinetic energy
When an elevator accelerates downward, your weight reading is
less
Compared to the resistance of two resistors connected in series, the same two resistors connected in parallel have
less resistance
A kg of 40°C water and a kg of 20°C water, after being mixed, have a temperature of 30°C. However, the final temperature of a 1-kg iron block at 40°C placed into 1 kg of water at 20°C is
less than 30°C.
A ball is projected into the air with 900 J of kinetic energy that is transformed to potential energy at the top of its trajectory. When it returns to its original level after encountering air resistance, its kinetic energy is
less than 900 J.
When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is
less than at sea level. Submit
When two light bulbs are connected in parallel to a battery, the electric resistance that the battery senses is
less than the resistance of either bulb.
When two identical lamps in a circuit are connected in parallel, the total resistance is
less than the resistance of either lamp
According to Newton, the greater the distance between gravitationally interacting objects, the
less the gravitational force between them.
According to the law of reflection, the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal between them
lie in the same plane.
Water at 4°C will sink to the bottom of a pond because
like a rock, it is denser than surrounding water.
Which body in the solar system has the highest level of volcanic activity?
lo
Relative to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is
longer
Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are
loosely bound
As you read these words, the Sun is
losing mass
The main reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet involves
low conductivity of the coals.
A wave with a long wavelength has a relatively
low frequency
The longest living stars are those of
low mass
The fact that desert sand becomes very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has a
low specific heat capacity
A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a
low specific heat capacity.
The H-R Diagram, an important tool of astronomers, relates stellar temperature to stellar
luminosity
The determining factor in the stages a star will progress through from birth to death is its
mass
the force of gravity between two planets depends on their
masses and distance apart
When you toss a projectile sideways, it curves as it falls. It will be an Earth satellite if the curve it makes
matches the curves surface of earth
A wave barrier is produced in water when the speed of an object
matches the speed of waves in water.
the language of science is
mathematics
in science, facts
may change
In a museum collection you can likely see a
meteorite but not a meteoroid.
A small rock in interplanetary space is called a
meteoroid.
How much greater is the atmospheric pressure of Jupiter than Earth's? More than
millions times
A node is a position of
minimum amplitude.
When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a solar eclipse, the body between the other two is the
moon
Why doesn't the Moon fall toward Earth like apples do?
moon does fall but due to its tangential motion it also falls around Earth
If you lie on a bed of nails your back will encounter pressure due to contact with the nails. Nail pressure on your back will be less if the bed has
more nails
at the end of 2 seconds of free fall, an apple falling from rest has a speed of
more than 10 m/s
A lunar month is about 28 days. If the Moon were farther from Earth than it is now, the lunar month would be
more than 28 days.
As a supersonic aircraft gains speed, the angle of its shock wave
narrow
How far is a light year?
nearly 10 trillion km
Which of these does not have an electrical charge?
neutron
If you hold one end of a metal bar against a piece of ice, the end in your hand will soon become cold. Does cold flow from the ice to your hand?
no
When a dish falls, will the change in momentum be less if it lands on a carpet than if it lands on a hard floor?
no both are the same
If the Sun collapsed to become a black hole, the Earth's gravitational attraction to it would be
no different.
When a rocket ship gaining speed in outer space runs out of fuel, it
no longer gains speed
When a rocket ship gaining speed in remote, gravity-free outer space runs out of fuel, it
no longer gains speed
two people are drinking soda using straws. do they suck the soda up? could they drink a soda like this on the moon
no the reduce pressure in the straw and the atmosphere pressure pushed the soda up.
If an object absorbs more energy than it emits, its
none
Which of these are good conductors?
none
which of the following does NOT emit radiation?
none
The work done in braking a moving car to a stop is the force of tire friction x stopping distance. If the initial speed of the car is doubled, the stopping distance is
none of the above
strictly speaking, the photons of light incident on glass are
not the ones that travel through and exit the other side
The secondary rainbow is dimmer than the primary rainbow because
of a double reflection and refraction in the drops.
To save the most energy when you leave your cool house for an hour or so on a hot day, you should turn the temperature setting on the air conditioner
off
If you push against a stationary brick wall for several minutes, you do no work
on the wall
If you push for an hour against a stationary wall, you do no work
on the wall
According to Coulomb's law, a pair of particles that are placed twice as far apart will experience forces that are
one quater strong
a scientific hypothesis can be described with
one reproducible experiment
How many forces act on an upwardly tossed coin when it gets to the top of its path?
one; the force due to gravity
Electromagnetic waves consist of
oscillating electric and magnetic fields.
When a projectile achieves escape speed from Earth, it
outruns the influence of earth's gravity but never beyond it
More toll booths on a highway is analogous to a
parallel circuit
The minimum or no magnetic force on a moving electron occurs for motion
parallel to the magnetic field.
When we consider the time for an oscillating system to make a vibration we're talking about
period
The force of gravity on a bowling ball rolling along a horizontal surface doesn't change its speed because the force is
perpendicular to its direction of motion.
the vibrations along with a transverse wave move in a direction
perpendicular to the wave
of all the sciences known as physics, chemistry, and biology the most basic is
physics
a photographer wishes to photograph a lightning bolt by setting a camera so that is is triggered by the sound of thuder
poor idea for all strikes
A good heat conductor is a
poor insulator
when you brush Fido's fur and scrape electrons from it, the charge of Fido's fir is
positive
If you strip electrons from an atom, the atom becomes a
positive ion
The nucleus of an atom is charged
positively
A job can be done slowly or quickly. Both may require the same amount of work, but different amounts of
power
The rate at which a transformer transfers energy is called
power
The purpose of a voltage source is to provide an electrical
pressure
Buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object because
pressure against its bottom is greater than pressure against its top.
When a shower is turned on, the shower curtain moves towards the water spray. This partly involves
pressure changes in moving fluids.
what happens to the internal water pressure in a narrowing pipe of moving water
pressure is less
When you stand on tiptoes on a bathroom scale, there is an increase in
pressure on the scale, not registered as weight.
If the masses of two planets are each somehow doubled, the force of gravity between them
quadruples
A spectacular classroom (or home) demo is placing a soda-pop can with a bit of water in it on a hot stove. Soon steam comes from the opening. Invert the can into a bath of water and atmospheric pressure crushes the can. The key to this dramatic whopping of the can is mainly
rapid condensation of steam in the can
Some singers are able to shatter a crystal chandelier with their voice, which illustrates
reasonance
when white light passes through a prism, green light is bent more than
red
After our Sun burns its supply of hydrogen, it will become a
red giant
When air gains speed in sweeping across a rooftop its internal pressure is
reduced
Air speeds up as it is blown across the top of the vertical tube. How does this affect the air pressure in the vertical tube, and what then occurs?
reduced air pressure in the due lets atmospheric pressure on the liquid surface push liquid up into the tube where it joins the jet of air in a mist
A spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of
reduced air pressure on the ball.
Distant snow-covered hills appear yellowish due to the color of the
reflected light that survives scattering.
Galileo's demonstration at the Leaning Tower of Pisa
refuted Aristotle's teachings
As water changes to ice, water molecules
release energy.
When a gas is changed to a liquid phase, the gas
releases energy
After a ball tossed upward leaves your hand, the force of gravity on it
remains constant
The velocity of a typical projectile can be represented by horizontal and vertical components. Assuming negligible air resistance, the horizontal component along the path of the projectile
remains the same
A rock is thrown upward at 50° with respect to the horizontal. As it rises, its horizontal component of velocity
remains unchanged.
When a star collapses to become a black hole, its mass
remains unchanged.
Two positively-charged plastic straws near each other tend to
repel
When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil of wire, the coil
repels the magnet as it enters.
The resistance you feel when pushing a piece of iron into a coil involves
repulsion by the magnetic field you produce
Consider a huge rotating cloud of particles in space that gravitate together to form an increasingly dense ball. As the cloud shrinks in size, it
rotates faster
When stringing telephone lines between poles in the summer, it is advisable to allow the lines to
sag
Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged 1-cm3 block of
same
Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is
same
Whether a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall, the impulse is
same
Arnold Strongman and Suzie Small each pull on opposite ends of a rope in a tug-of-war. The greater force on the rope is exerted by
same by each
A car traveling at 100 km/h strikes an unfortunate bug that splatters on the windshield. The force of impact is greater on the
same for both
A 10-kg load on the left piston will support a 500-kg load on the right piston. How does the pressure of fluid against the lower part of the left piston compare with the pressure against the lower right piston?
same pressure on each
Because of refraction, a person standing waist deep in a swimming pool appears to have
short legs
The higher the temperature of an object, the
shorter the wavelengths it radiates.
The vibrating system with the greatest frequency has the
shortest period
Reverberation is a phenomenon you would be likely experience while singing in the
shower
When the temperature of a quantity of 0°C air at constant pressure is lowered by 1 degree, its volume
shrinks by 1/273. Submit
a motor and generator are
similar devices
We do not see stars in the daytime because
skylight overwhelms starlight.
Strictly speaking, gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is
slightly greater than air pressure outside the balloon.
When light from air passes through a prism, light of all frequencies
slow down
When thermal insulation, such as spun glass or rock wool, is placed beneath the roof of a house, then in cold weather the insulation will
slow the flow of heat from inside the house to outside
Refracted light that bends toward the normal is light that has
slowed down
If you keep decreasing the kinetic energy of atoms in a liquid, the liquid may
solidly
interference is a property of
sound and light
the doppler effect occurs for
sound and light
Light from inside a raindrop that exits into the air
sped up
The colors dispersed by a prism are due to different light
speeds inside the prism.
On the H-R diagram our Sun is a
star of average luminosity and temperature.
When Phil Physiker swings a buzzer over his head in a circle he hears
steady hum
As a wave-generating object moves through a medium, the waves behind
stretch out
As the number of loops in a current-carrying wire coil is increased, the magnetic field becomes
stronger
Comets orbit about the
sun
The star nearest the Earth is
sun
It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling
supports his knowledge
There is twice as much molecular kinetic energy in 2 liters of boiling water as in 1 liter of boiling water. Which will be the same for both?
temp
Heat is thermal energy that flows due to
temperature differences.
The Moon does not crash into Earth because
the Moon has a sufficient tangential speed.
A ball rolling down an incline has its maximum kinetic energy at
the bottom
You drive your car along the highway at a constant 60 km/h and apply the brakes until the car slows to 40 km/h. If at that moment you suddenly release the brakes,
the car tends to continue moving at 40 km/h.
Life jackets help you float because
the combined density of you and the jacket is less than your density alone.
An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, we conclude that
the density of salt water exceeds the density of the egg.
The white-hot sparks from a fireworks sparkler that strike your skin don't cause injury because
the energy per molecule is high, but the total energy transferred is small.
No work is done by gravity on a bowling ball that rolls along a bowling alley because
the force on the ball is at right angles to its motion.
A light woman and a heavy man jump from an airplane at the same time and open their same—size parachutes at the same time. Which person reaches a state of zero acceleration first?
the light woman
Which of following is a scientific statement
the moon is made of green cheese
Science is concerned mainly with the
the natural world
Which is largest?
the observable universe
A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire because
the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains. Submit
the pressure in a stream of water is reduced as the stream speeds up. how then can a stream of water from a fire hose actually knock a person off his or her feet
the pressure due to water's change in momentum can be much greater than the water's internal pressure
A black hole is
the remains of a giant collapsed star.
The daily motion of celestial objects in the sky is caused by
the rotation of our planet about its axis.
When you push a crate across a level floor at constant speed, friction between the crate and the floor is
the same amount as your pushing force
After a rock that is thrown straight up reaches the top of its path and is starting to fall back down, its acceleration is
the same as it was at the top of its path.
A good cook knows that the temperature of violently boiling water is
the same as that of simmering water.
A karate expert executes a swift blow and breaks a cement block with her bare hand. The magnitude of the force on her hand is
the same as the force applied to the block.
A fast-moving car hitting a haystack or hitting a cement wall produces vastly different results. Both experience
the same impulse and same change in monentum
Nellie whirls a tether ball in a horizontal circular path over her head. If the action force is Nellie pulling on the string, the reaction force is
the string pulling on Nellie
Escape speed for a rocket is greatest from
the sun
Luminosity is
the total amount of light energy that star emits into space.
The event that changes a protostar to a full-fledged star is
thermonuclear fusion.
Pretend you are on a morning time mission on the surface of Venus. When looking out the spacepod window you are likely to see
thick and still smog-like cloud cover.
Which law of thermodynamics states that no system can reach absolute zero?
third law
Consider a lamp powered by a battery. Charge flows
through both the battery and the lamp
The distinction between impulse and force involves the
time the force acts. Submit
Polarization occurs for waves that are
transverse
Sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound is produced.
true
When a hydraulic press is properly used it is capable of multiplying force input.
true
If you do work on an object in half the time, your power output is
twice
Lifting a 100-N load with 50 N of force lifts it
twice as high
Work is done in lifting a barbell. How much work is done in lifting a twice-as-heavy barbell the same distance?
twice as much
You do work when pushing a cart. If you push the cart twice as far with the same constant force, then the work you do is
twice as much
The natural frequency of atoms in glass is in the
ultraviolet region of the spectrum.
A change in pressure at any point in a confined fluid at rest is transmitted
undiminished to all points in the fluid.
Convection currents in the air near a seashore are produced by
unequal heating of land and water.
Neptune was discovered by irregularities in the orbit of
uranus
The planet that is most tipped to its orbital plane is
uranus
Which is not a phase of matter?
vacuum
The speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit
varies
A vase sits at rest on a table. If the action force is Earth pulling downward on the vase, the reaction force is the
vase pulling upward on Earth.
As an object freely falls, its
velocity increases
The planet with a mass most like Earth's is
venus
acceleration and velocity are
very different from each other
Compared to the mass of a proton, the mass of an electron is
very much less
the electromagnetic spectrum spans waves ranging from lowest to highest frequencies. the smallest protion of the spectru is
visible light
A term for electric pressure is
voltage
An efficient step-down transformer decreases
voltage
step-up transformer in an electrical circuit can step up
voltage
electric potential energy is measured in Joules. electric potential energy per charge is measured
volts
A completely submerged object always displaces its own
volume of fluid.
When ice crystals form in clouds, the surrounding air
warms
Which has the higher specific heat capacity, water or land?
water
During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst because
water expands when freezing.
The filling of a hot apple pie is hotter than the crust due to
water in the filling that better retains thermal energy. Submit
the distance between adjacent peaks in the direction of travel for a transverse wave is its
wavelength
Compared to other fundamental forces, the Universal Gravitational Constant G indicates gravity to be a relatively
weak force
Inside a freely-falling elevator your
weight is zero.
A rising balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the
weight of air it displaces.
In walking barefoot on red-hot coals, providing that bits of coal do not stick to your feet, it would be safer if your feet are
wet
compared with dry road, seeing is difficult when driving at night on a wet road. why
wet surface is smooth with less diffuse reflaction, part of which otherwise reacts tjej divers eyes
Power is defined as the
work done divided by the time to do the work.
a Hypothesis that is scientific must have a test for proving it
wrong
The color humans are most sensitive to is
yellow-green
Does a car hoisted for repairs in a service station have increased potential energy relative to the floor?
yes
Must a car with momentum have kinetic energy?
yes due to the motion alone
Is there a buoyant force acting on your classmates at this moment? Defend your answer.
yes, but it is significant compared with their weights
When you rub your hands together,
you cannot push harder on one hand than the other.
When you touch a nail stuck in ice, energy flows from
your hand to the ice.
A block of wood and a block of copper will feel neither hot nor cold to your touch when they each have
your temperature.
The speed of a vertically-thrown ball at the top of its path is
zero
When the elevator cable breaks, the elevator falls freely so your weight reading is
zero
When a rock thrown straight up reaches the exact top of its path, its velocity is
zero and its acceleration is 10 m/s2. Submit
the acceleration of a Tesla that maintains a constant velocity of 120 km/h over time of one-half hour is
zero with no change in velocity
