Physics final exam

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A 10-N falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance. The net force on it is

0 N

a 10-N falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance. The net force on it is

0 N

An object travels 8 m in the 1st second of travel, 8 m again during the 2nd second of travel, and 8 m again during the 3rd second. Its acceleration is

0 m/s

A sack of potatoes weighing 200 N falls from an airplane. As the velocity of fall increases, air resistance also increases. When air resistance equals 200 N, the sack's acceleration is

0 m/s2

If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 Hz, its period is

0.1 s.

When an apple that weighs 1 N is dropped and freely falls, the net force on the apple is

1 N

A 10-kg block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block is

1 m/s2

A piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the putty sticks to the ball, both move with a combined momentum of

1 unit

when you squeeze a party balloon to 0.8 its volume, the pressure in the balloon is

1.25 times greater

A pair of 1-ohm resistors connected in series is 2 ohms, and when connected in parallel is

1/2 ohm

If the frequency of a particular wave is 20 Hz, its period is

1/20 second

The frequency of the second hand on a clock is

1/60 Hz.

Suppose the potential energy of a drawn bow is 50 joules and the kinetic energy of the shot arrow is 40 joules. Then

10 J go to warming the bow

the supports force on a 10-N book that rests on a horizontal surface is

10 N

If you do 10 J of work to push 1 coulomb of charge into an electric field, its voltage with respect to its starting position is

10 V

The buoyant force that acts on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean is

10 tons

A melon is tossed straight upward with 100 J of kinetic energy. If air resistance is negligible the melon will return to its initial level with a kinetic energy of

100 J

A woman who normally weighs 400 N stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one Earth-radius above Earth's surface. What is her weight there?

100 N

which has the greatest density

100 kg lead

What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship?

100 tons

The Milky Way galaxy is about

100,000 light years in diameter.

A wave having a frequency of 1000 Hz vibrates at

1000 cycles per second.

How many vibrations per second are associated with a 101-MHz radio wave?

101,000,000

Escape speed from Earth is

11.2 km/s.

The current through a 10-ohm resistor connected to a 120-V power supply is

12 A

A tow truck exerts a force of 3000 N on a car that accelerates at 2 m/s2. What is the mass of the car?

1500 kg

What is the mass of a ball moving at 3 m/s with a momentum of 48 kg∙m/s?

16 kg

Daisy weighs 120 N and carries Trixie who weighs 40 N on her back. The support force on Daisy's feet is

160 N

The number of moons in orbit around Mars is

2

when you stand 2 meters in front of a plane mirror, your image is

2 m in back of mirror and 2 m in front

A 10-kg block is pushed across a friction-free horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N. The acceleration of the block is

2 m/s2

A 10-kg block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 30 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block is

2 m/s2

A commercial jet has a mass of 5000 kg. During takeoff the thrust of its engine is 10,000 N, producing an acceleration of

2 m/s2

A 4-ohm and 6-ohm resistor connected in parallel have an equivalent resistance of

2.4 ohms

The range of human hearing is about

20 Hz - 20,000 Hz.

a 50-N object falling in air experiences 30 N of air resistance. The amount of net force on the falling object is

20 N

If a freely falling object were somehow equipped with a speedometer on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 m/s2, then its speed reading would increase each second by

20 m/s

Resonance occurs when a 200-Hz tuning fork encounters a sound wave with a frequency of

200 hz

A 1000-kg car accelerates at 2 m/s2. What is the net force exerted on the car?

2000 N

A 1000-kg truck moving at 10 m/s that brakes to a stop in 5 s has an average braking force of

2000 N

The electric power of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V is

240 W

In an ideal pulley system, a woman lifts a 100-N crate by pulling a rope downward with a force of 25 N. For every 1-meter length of rope she pulls downward, the crate rises

25 centi

a certain machine is 30% efficient. this means the machine will convert

30% input to useful work and the other to is wasted

When a 500-N parachutist opens his chute and experiences 800 N of air resistance, the net force on him is

300 N upward

With no air resistance, a projectile fired at 60° has the same range as if it were fired at

30°

You heat a half-cup of tea and its temperature rises by 8C. How much will the temperature rise if you add the same amount of heat to a full cup of tea?

4

The nearest star system closest to our Sun is about

4 light years away

A radio signal emitted from Earth would take about

4 years to leave our galaxy.

A boat at anchor is rocked by waves whose crests are 40 m apart and with wave speed 10 m/s. These waves reach the boat once every

4.0 s.

A music console is pushed 2 m by a force of 20 N. The work done on the console is

40 J

If you toss a ball straight upward at 40 m/s with no air resistance, 6 seconds later its speed is

40 m/s

An 800-N man stands at rest with his weight evenly distributed on two bathroom scales. The reading on each scale is

400 N

Both ends of a piece of rope are pulled by two people in a tug-of-war. If each pulls with a 400-N force, the tension in the rope is

400 N

A current of 4 A exist in the primary coil of a transformer powered with 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil?

440 W

When a 10-N object is suspended at rest by two vertical strands of rope, the tension in each rope is

5 N

an object is pulled with two forces, 10 N northward and 15 N southward. The magnitude of the net force if

5 N

A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. One second after leaving your hand it drops a vertical distance of

5 m

As the ball leaves the girl's hand, one second later it will have fallen

5 m below the dashed line

The value of a resistor that carries 2 A when connected to 10 V is

5 ohms

Nelle runs the length of a 100-yard football field in a time of 20 sec. her average running speed is

5 yards/second

The age of the Sun is about

5.5 billion years

A girl pushes a cart to the left with a 100-N force. A boy pushes it to the right with a 50-N force. The net force exerted on the cart is

50 N to the left

Using 1000 J of work, a toy elevator is raised from the ground floor to the second floor in 20 s. How much power does the elevator use?

50 W

Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1°C requires

50 calories

A projectile is launched straight upward at 50 m/s. Neglecting air resistance its speed upon returning to its starting point is

50 m/s

Joshua is attracted toward Earth by a 500-N gravitational force. The Earth is attracted toward Joshua with a force of

500 N

Phil stands at rest with both feet on a scale that reads 500 N. After he gently lifts one foot, the scale reads

500 N

When Danny Diver who weighs 500 N steps off a diving board 10 m above the water, he hits the water with kinetic energy of

5000 J.

What beat frequency is produced by 240-Hz and a 246-Hz tuning forks?

6 Hz

A 10-N falling object encounters 4 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is

6 N

A block is dragged at constant velocity across a level surface by a force of 6 N. What is the force of friction between the block and the surface?

6 N

A wave travels an average distance of 6 m in 1 s. What is the wave's average velocity?

6 m/s

The equivalent (combined) resistance of 1-ohm, 2-ohm, and 3-ohm in series is about

6 ohms

Does a 3-meter deep lake or a 6-meter deep small pond exert more pressure on a dam?

6-meter deep sm pond

a ball tossed at an angle of 30 with the horizontal will go as far downrange as one tossed at the same speed at an angle of

60

An ideal transformer has 50 turns in its primary and 250 turns in its secondary. When 12-V ac is connected to the primary, the voltage available to the secondary is

60 V

Six seconds after starting from rest, a freely-falling baseball has a speed of

60 m/s

The period of the second hand on a clock is

60 s.

The percentage of the Earth's surface covered by ocean is about

70%

A projectile is launched at an angle of 15° above the horizontal and lands downrange. With no air resistance, what other projection angle for the same speed would produce the same downrange distance?

75°

A 2-kg mass weighs 20 N and is held 4 m above the ground. Its potential energy relative to the ground is

80 J

A transformer has an input of 6 V and an output of 42 V. If the input is changed to 12 V, the output would be

84w

The fundamental frequency of a violin string is 440 hertz. The frequency of its second harmonic is

880 hertz

In a dream you're in a car traveling at 50 km/h and you bump into another car traveling toward you at 48 km/h. The speed of impact is

98km/h

which has zero acceration

ALL OF THE ABOVE object in mechanical equilibrium or at constant velocity an object at rest

What are the relative compositions of the materials from which stars form?

About 74% hydrogen, about 24% helium, no more than 2% other materials

A circus diver drops from a high pole into water far below. When he is half-way down

All of the above

which is the better statement?

An object that absorbs energy well is black

Evidence of the solar wind on Earth is the

Aurora Borealis.

The stars Procyon and Betelgeuse both appear equally bright to Earthbound viewers. Yet Betelgeuse emits 5000 times more light than Procyon. Why do they appear to be equally bright?

Because Betelgeuse is much farther than Procyon

For what reason was Pluto demoted from full planetary status in 2006?

Because of objects as large or larger than Pluto in the Kuiper belt

Which of these scientists pioneered the study of electricity?

Benjamin Franklin

On which temperature scale is 0 degrees the freezing point of water?

Celsius

A bucket of cement is raised by a rope at constant speed at a construction site. Compared with the force of gravity on the bucket, the upward force on the bucket supplied by the rope is

EQUAL

Temperature differences between nighttime and daytime on Earth are relatively small due to

Earth's relatively high daily spin rate and shortness of nighttime.

which of these statements is true

Electric current is a flow of electric charge.

On which temperature scale is 212 degrees the boiling point of water?

Fahrenheit

consider a problem that asks for distance a fast-moving crate slides across a factory floor in coming to a stop. the most useful equation for solving this problem si

Fd = ^1/2mv2

The unit of resistance is named after

Georg Simon Ohm. Submit

What makes Europa the most likely place extraterrestrial life will be found in our solar system?

It has an ocean of liquid water, which is warmed by tidal force interaction with Jupiter, and may house underwater volcanic thermal vents.

A Mack truck and a Mini Cooper traveling at the same speed collide head-on. The vehicle to undergo the greatest change in velocity will be the

Mini Cooper

An object is pulled with three forces: one at 20 N to the right, another at 40 N to the right, and the third at 30 N to the left. The net force is

NOT**none of the above 60 to left or right 30 to left

What constitutes over half of Jupiter's volume?

Oceans of liquid hydrogen

Which will cool faster when removed from a furnace?

Silver

The reason that the Moon takes on a crescent shape each month has to do with the

Sun's position.

Which explanation best describes why Earth observers always see the same face of the moon?

The Moon's rate of spin matches the rate at which the Moon revolves around Earth.

What is the reference that astronomers use to denote the luminosity of stars?

The luminosity of the Sun

Dwarf planet Pluto was discovered by perturbations of

Uranus and Neptune

atmospheric pressure is caused by

Weight of Earth's atmosphere

The rapid change of an electric field induces

a magnetic field

Which of the following has the largest momentum relative to Earth?

a pickup truck speeding along a highway

Action and reaction forces are parts of

a single interaction

the reason a person finds it easier to float in salt water, compared with fresh water, is that in salt water

a smaller volume of water is displaced

The Milky Way is

a spiral galaxy.

in science, a theory is

a synthesis of a large body of well-tested knowledge

Which of these, both of the same length, has the greater electrical resistance?

a thin copper wire

technology is mainly

a tool of science

When a solid is changed to a liquid phase, the solid

absorbs energy

The greenish blue of water is evidence for the

absorption of red light

If you weigh yourself in an elevator, you'll weigh more when the elevator

accelerates upward

Your friend says that any radio wave travels appreciably faster than any sound wave.

agree with your friend unconditionally

An umbrella tends to jerk upward on a windy day principally because

air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface.

The Doppler effect is a characteristic of

all

The air in your cousin's room has

all

The circular path of a satellite orbiting Earth is characterized by a constant

all

To say that water has a high specific heat capacity is to say that water

all

Wave interference occurs for waves of

all

When a change of magnetic field occurs in a closed loop of wire,

all

When you place a sealed can of air on a hot stove burner, the can undergoes an increase in

all

A motor scooter undergoes acceleration when it

all of the above

A truly educated person is knowledgeable about

all of the above

The Milky Way galaxy is

all of the above

Without air resistance, a projectile fired horizontally at 8 km/s from a mountain top will

all of the above

You experience weightlessness

all of the above

a moving object has

all of the above

the amount of friction that occurs when two blocks slide against each other depends on

all of the above

which of the following involves passion, talent, and intelligence

all of the above

When evaporation occurs in a dish of water, the molecules remaining in the water

all of these

Science, art, and religion do not contradict one another because

all three operate in different domains

which of these would not exist if light didn't slow in transparent materials

all wouldn't be

The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction

along the direction of wave travel. Submit

If your mass doubles, your weight

also doubles

When current reverses direction in a wire, the surrounding magnetic field

also reverses direction. Submit

A transformer requires

alternating voltage.

A hydraulic press, like an inclined plane, is capable of increasing energy.

always false

Identical waves superimposed out of phase produce a wave of decreased

amplitude

Loudness of sound is most closely related to

amplitude

If an electric charge is rapidly shaken up and down,

an electromagnetic wave is produced. Submit

an electromagnet can be made stronger by both

an increaseing # of turns of wire and increasing the current in coil

The energy source for a generator may be

any

When you buy a water pipe in a hardware store, the water isn't included. When you buy copper wire, electrons

are already in the wire

The electric charge of all electrons

are identical

An archer shoots an arrow. If the action force is the bowstring on the arrow, the reaction is the

arrow's push on the bowstring.

When we see a half-moon, the position of the Sun is

at right angles to a line from Earth to the Moon.

When you simultaneously drop a light tennis ball and a heavy bowling ball, they hit the floor

at the same speed.

A heavy object and a light object in a vacuum are dropped at the same time from rest. The heavier object reaches the ground

at the same time as the lighter object.

Earth satellites are typically more than 100-km high so as to mainly be above the Earth's

atmosphere

No greenhouse effect occurs on Mercury because of no

atmosphere

In the vacuum of outer space far from our Sun, there is no

atmospheric pressure.

Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles

attract

The pair of protons in the nucleus of a helium atom

attracts a pair of orbiting electrons.

A beam of light emerges from water into air at an angle bent

away from normal

The solar wind blows in a direction

away from sun

A player hits a ball with a bat. If one part of the interaction is the bat against the ball, the other part is the

ball against the bat.

Direct current is normally produced by a

battery

If Burl carried Paul piggy-back while standing in the middle of a scaffold, the tensions in the two supporting ropes would

be equal

As entropy in a system increases, energy within the system

becomes less ordered.

The different colors of the spectrum

blend from one to another.

Which has the highest frequency?

blue

Which star will emit the shortest wavelength of its peak frequency?

blue

A dolphin perceives its environment by the sense of

both

Although warm air rises, why are mountaintops cold and snow covered, while the valleys below are relatively warm and green?

both

An electron beam directed through a magnetic field

both

Because of trapped air inside, snow is a

both

Current in a conductor can be increased by

both

Electromagnetic waves can travel in

both

If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from the Moon, the first signal to reach Earth would be

both

If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its

both

Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they

both

Melting and freezing are

both

No net force acts on a loop of wire in a magnetic field when

both

Surrounding every moving electron is

both

The discovery of electromagnetic induction is credited to

both

The natural frequency of an object depends on its

both

The rise in ocean levels is due to

both

The temperature of melting ice is

both

Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and you'll induce

both

Which signal will be heard first?

both

the quantity of heat is needed to raise the temp of certain substance of specific amount of 1 calorie. this is the same amount of energy as

both

A very massive object A and a less massive object B move toward each other under the influence of gravity. Which force, if either, is greater?

both forces on each other are the same Submit

A hunter fires a bullet from a horizontally—held rifle while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the side of the rifle. The bullet to hit the ground first is

both hit at the same time

Heat energy is measured in units of

both joules and calories

If the Sun were twice as massive,

both of these

Padded dashboards in cars are safer in an accident than non-padded ones because a person hitting the dash has

both of these

Pascal's principle applies to

both of these

Which requires more work: lifting a 50-kg sack vertically 2 m or lifting a 25-kg sack vertically 4 m?

both require the same amount of work Submit

A weak and strong magnet repel each other. The greater repelling force is by the

both the stronger and weaker magnet

Water pressure is greatest against the

bottom of a submerged object.

The bob of a simple pendulum has its maximum kinetic energy at the

bottom of its swing.

A karate chop is more effective if one's hand

bounces upon impact.

Moving electric charges will interact with

btoh

The frequency with which a magnet plunges into and out of a wire coil equals the frequency of the induced

btoh

As a wave-generating object moves through a medium, the waves ahead

bunch up

Compared with the current in the primary coil of a transformer, the current in the secondary coil

can be greater or less.

The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Mars is

carbon dioxide

The predominant gas in the atmosphere of Venus is

carbon dioxide

As you jump up and down on a floor, the support force by the floor experiences

changes

When a satellite travels at constant speed, the shape of its path is

circle

Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire

circle the wire in closed loops.

The temperature of a star is evidenced by its

color

We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are

condensing on our bodies.

When a sample of 0C water is heated, it first

contracts

Blow on your hand and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is

cool

when a liquid is brought to a boil, the boiling process tends to

cool the liquid

The process of boiling water tends to

cool the water.

An ampere is a unit of electric

current

When you double the voltage in a simple electric circuit, you double the

current

If Earth radiated more energy than it absorbs from the Sun, Earth's average temperature would

decrease

If Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, your weight would

decrease to one-half.

As a hot iron ring cools, the diameter of the hole

decreases

As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source

decreases

Each second, the burning Sun's mass

decreases

When work is done by a system and heat is subtracted, the temperature of the system

decreases

If Earth's mass somehow decreased with no change in its radius, your weight would

decreases alod

Wind blowing over the top of a hill

decreases atmospheric pressure there.

When a loaf of bread is compressed, its

density increases.

When the same amount of heat is added to each of the two containers of water, the temperature increase in each will

depend on the amount of water in each

When you read from a printed page, you're seeing reflected light that is

diffuse

A ball tossed vertically upward reaches its highest point and then falls back to its starting point. During this up-and-down motion the acceleration of the ball is always

directed downward

the magnetic force on a moving charged particle can change the particles

direction

A light year is a unit of

distance

Whereas impulse involves the time that a force acts, work involves the

distance that a force acts.

Aristotle treated motion by

dividing it into two classes

If the mass of one planet is somehow doubled, the force of gravity between it and a neighboring planet would

double

A freight train rolls along a track with considerable momentum. If it rolls at the same speed but has twice as much mass, its momentum is

doubled

When the voltage across a steady resistance is doubled, the current

doubled

When a gas in a container is squeezed to half its volume at constant temperature, the gas pressure

doubles

When the speed of an object is doubled,

doubles

When no air resistance acts on a fast-moving baseball, its acceleration is

downward

An object is placed exactly halfway between the Earth and the Moon. The object will fall toward the

earth

When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a lunar eclipse, the body that is in between the other two is the

earth

A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves

either

When sound waves superimpose they can interfere

either

Which has the greater momentum when moving?

either of these depending on speed Submit

A positive ion has a deficiency of

electrons

The electric current in a copper wire is normally composed of

electrons

A simple machine CANNOT multiply

energy

What any type of field generation cannot create is

energy

The most underlying feature of machines is

energy conservation.

Power is the rate at which

energy is transferred.

In a hydraulic device, it is impossible for the

energy output to exceed the energy input

When Jean standing on slippery ice catches her leaping dog Daisy, the momentum of both Jean and Daisy after the catch is

equal to their combined momentum before the catch. Submit

Compared with the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is

equally hige

After taking a shower and stepping outside the shower stall, the chill you often feel is mainly due to

evaporation

A moving van with a stone lightly glued to the midpoint of its ceiling smoothly moves at constant velocity. When the glue gives way, the stone falls and hits the floor

exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling.

When a sample of 4C water is cooled, it

expands

When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and occupy more space, which results in thermal

expansion

In contrast to Aristotle's way of explaining nature, Galileo relied on

experiment

Success in science is mainly linked to emphasis on

experiments

If glass expanded more than mercury in a thermometer, then with rising temperature the column of mercury would

fall

Blood pressure is normally greater in your

feet

Ellyn heats a metal ring that has the same inner diamante as the diameter of the metal ball. when the ring is hot, the room-temp ball

fits into the hole with more room to sapre

A spinning cloud of interstellar gas tends to

flatten

The concept of pressure involves both

force and area.

How far must one travel to completely be beyond Earth's gravity?

forget it; you can't travel far enough

Which of these forms of energy is NOT renewable?

fossil fuel power

Different colors of light correspond to different light

frequencies

When a fire engine approaches you, the

frequency of sound increases

The frequency of a generated electromagnetic wave matches the

frequency of vibrating charges that produced it.

When a hot cup is filled with cold water, the direction of heat flow is

from the cup to the water

When you touch a hot penny in the sunlight with your finger, energy flows

from the penny to your finger.

When you touch a piece of ice with your finger, energy flows

from your finger to the ice.

science and technology are

fundamentally different from each other

Which is smallest?

galaxy

A device that transforms mechanical energy to electrical energy is a

generator

Alternating current is normally produced by a

generator

when a scientists is dishonest and reports false information, he or she

gets no second chance in the scientific community

Most meteors seen as shooting stars are about the size of

grains of sand.

A heavy truck and a small car roll down a hill at the same speed and need to stop in the same amount of time. Compared with the force to stop the car, the force needed to stop the truck is

greater

Compared to the density of a kilogram of feathers, the density of a kilogram of lead is

greater

Compared with the period of satellites in orbit close to Earth, the period of satellites in orbit far from Earth is

greater

Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. Compared with the density of seawater, the density of a lobster is

greater

When an elevator accelerates upward, your weight reading on a scale is

greater

Airplane lift is achieved when air pressure on the bottom of its wings is

greater than pressure on top. Submit

According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the

greater the gravitational force between them. Submit

Scientific equations in a conceptual course are mainly

guides to thinking about the relationships between concepts

Freight car A is moving toward identical freight car B that is at rest. When they collide, both freight cars couple together. Compared with the initial speed of freight car A, the speed of the coupled freight cars is

half

To say a circuit is dc is to say that current in the circuit

has a single direction.

Most white dwarfs

have relatively hot surfaces.

If you break a bar magnet in half you'll

have two magnets.

An iron ball and a wooden ball of the same size are dropped from a tall tower. Taking air resistance into consideration, the object to hit the ground first will be the

heavier iron ball

Both heavy and light molecules make up a sample of gas. On average, the slower molecules are the

heavy ones

Which contracts more when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of

helium

Which of these singly ionized atoms of the same speed will curve most in a magnetic field?

heluim

If a good absorber of radiant energy were a poor emitter, its temperature compared with its surroundings would be

higher

The direction of natural processes is from states of

higher order to lower order. Submit

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

higher temperature, but less thermal energy.

A piece of pizza is normally a net radiator of energy when its temperature is

higher than its surroundings.

The glare seen from water is largely

horizontally polarized

Stars to the upper right of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram tend to be relatively

huge

In a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and oxygen, the faster molecules on average are

hydrogen

Most of the atoms in the universe are thought to be

hydrogen

in science, an educated guess is a

hypothesis

Sound travels fastest in

ice

The temperature at which water freezes is the same as the temperature at which

ice melts.

A cannonball fired from a long-barrel cannon will have a greater muzzle velocity because the cannonball receives a greater

impulse

A cannonball shot from a long barrel will emerge with greater speed, because the cannonball receives a greater

impulse

When the force that produces an impulse acts for twice as much time, the impulse is

increased by two times

As a bowling ball that rolls off the edge of a table falls, its vertical component of motion

increases

As more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current in the power source

increases

Heat a copper wire and its electric resistance

increases

If a pizza absorbs more energy than it emits, its temperature

increases

If an object's mass is decreasing while a constant force is applied to the object, the acceleration

increases

If you quickly run toward the orchestra at a concert, the frequency of the sound you hear will be

increases

Two objects move toward each other due to gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the acceleration of each

increases

When you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an egg beater, their temperature

increases

when work is done on a system, compressing air in a tire pump for example, the temp of the system

increases

For each 1-degree increase in temperature above 0°C, the speed of sound in air

increases by 0.6 m/s.

When the distance between a pair of stars decreases by half, the force between them

increases to four times as much.

Your garage gets messier each week. In this case, the entropy of your garage is

increasing

When dishes remain on a table when you yank the tablecloth beneath them, you're demonstrating

inertia

Which of the following normally warms up faster when heat is applied?

iron

The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a

iron rod

Your bare feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug

is a better insulator than tile.

compared with the primary rainbow, the secondary bow

is dimmer, has colors reversed, and is caused by two internal reflections

If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period

is halved

Ice cubes submerged at the bottom of a liquid mixture indicate that the mixture

is less dense than ice.

When gas in a container expands to three times its volume at constant temperature, the gas pressure

is one third.

Whenever the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration

is zero

when a liquid changes to a gas

it absorbs energy

If you drop a bar magnet in a vertical copper pipe it will fall slowly because

it induces a magnetic field in the pipe that resists motion of the magnet.

The North Star has very little apparent rotation in the night sky because

it lies directly above the Earth's axis of spin.

The greatest expansion of water among the following occurs when

it turns to ice.

Compared with a motor, a generator is

its opposite

a probe in deep space continues its motion due to

its own inertia

A star's color tells us

its surface temperature.

Galileo said that if you rolled a ball along a level surface it would

keep rolling without slowing down if no friction acted upon it

A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the

kelvin scale

A mixture of light and heavy molecules make up a sample of gas. If the temperature of the gas is constant, then all the molecules have the same average

kinetic energy

Whether one object is warmer than another object has most to do with molecular

kinetic energy

When an elevator accelerates downward, your weight reading is

less

Compared to the resistance of two resistors connected in series, the same two resistors connected in parallel have

less resistance

A kg of 40°C water and a kg of 20°C water, after being mixed, have a temperature of 30°C. However, the final temperature of a 1-kg iron block at 40°C placed into 1 kg of water at 20°C is

less than 30°C.

A ball is projected into the air with 900 J of kinetic energy that is transformed to potential energy at the top of its trajectory. When it returns to its original level after encountering air resistance, its kinetic energy is

less than 900 J.

When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is

less than at sea level. Submit

When two light bulbs are connected in parallel to a battery, the electric resistance that the battery senses is

less than the resistance of either bulb.

When two identical lamps in a circuit are connected in parallel, the total resistance is

less than the resistance of either lamp

According to Newton, the greater the distance between gravitationally interacting objects, the

less the gravitational force between them.

According to the law of reflection, the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal between them

lie in the same plane.

Water at 4°C will sink to the bottom of a pond because

like a rock, it is denser than surrounding water.

Which body in the solar system has the highest level of volcanic activity?

lo

Relative to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is

longer

Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are

loosely bound

As you read these words, the Sun is

losing mass

The main reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet involves

low conductivity of the coals.

A wave with a long wavelength has a relatively

low frequency

The longest living stars are those of

low mass

The fact that desert sand becomes very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has a

low specific heat capacity

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a

low specific heat capacity.

The H-R Diagram, an important tool of astronomers, relates stellar temperature to stellar

luminosity

The determining factor in the stages a star will progress through from birth to death is its

mass

the force of gravity between two planets depends on their

masses and distance apart

When you toss a projectile sideways, it curves as it falls. It will be an Earth satellite if the curve it makes

matches the curves surface of earth

A wave barrier is produced in water when the speed of an object

matches the speed of waves in water.

the language of science is

mathematics

in science, facts

may change

In a museum collection you can likely see a

meteorite but not a meteoroid.

A small rock in interplanetary space is called a

meteoroid.

How much greater is the atmospheric pressure of Jupiter than Earth's? More than

millions times

A node is a position of

minimum amplitude.

When the alignment of the Sun, the Moon, and Earth produce a solar eclipse, the body between the other two is the

moon

Why doesn't the Moon fall toward Earth like apples do?

moon does fall but due to its tangential motion it also falls around Earth

If you lie on a bed of nails your back will encounter pressure due to contact with the nails. Nail pressure on your back will be less if the bed has

more nails

at the end of 2 seconds of free fall, an apple falling from rest has a speed of

more than 10 m/s

A lunar month is about 28 days. If the Moon were farther from Earth than it is now, the lunar month would be

more than 28 days.

As a supersonic aircraft gains speed, the angle of its shock wave

narrow

How far is a light year?

nearly 10 trillion km

Which of these does not have an electrical charge?

neutron

If you hold one end of a metal bar against a piece of ice, the end in your hand will soon become cold. Does cold flow from the ice to your hand?

no

When a dish falls, will the change in momentum be less if it lands on a carpet than if it lands on a hard floor?

no both are the same

If the Sun collapsed to become a black hole, the Earth's gravitational attraction to it would be

no different.

When a rocket ship gaining speed in outer space runs out of fuel, it

no longer gains speed

When a rocket ship gaining speed in remote, gravity-free outer space runs out of fuel, it

no longer gains speed

two people are drinking soda using straws. do they suck the soda up? could they drink a soda like this on the moon

no the reduce pressure in the straw and the atmosphere pressure pushed the soda up.

If an object absorbs more energy than it emits, its

none

Which of these are good conductors?

none

which of the following does NOT emit radiation?

none

The work done in braking a moving car to a stop is the force of tire friction x stopping distance. If the initial speed of the car is doubled, the stopping distance is

none of the above

strictly speaking, the photons of light incident on glass are

not the ones that travel through and exit the other side

The secondary rainbow is dimmer than the primary rainbow because

of a double reflection and refraction in the drops.

To save the most energy when you leave your cool house for an hour or so on a hot day, you should turn the temperature setting on the air conditioner

off

If you push against a stationary brick wall for several minutes, you do no work

on the wall

If you push for an hour against a stationary wall, you do no work

on the wall

According to Coulomb's law, a pair of particles that are placed twice as far apart will experience forces that are

one quater strong

a scientific hypothesis can be described with

one reproducible experiment

How many forces act on an upwardly tossed coin when it gets to the top of its path?

one; the force due to gravity

Electromagnetic waves consist of

oscillating electric and magnetic fields.

When a projectile achieves escape speed from Earth, it

outruns the influence of earth's gravity but never beyond it

More toll booths on a highway is analogous to a

parallel circuit

The minimum or no magnetic force on a moving electron occurs for motion

parallel to the magnetic field.

When we consider the time for an oscillating system to make a vibration we're talking about

period

The force of gravity on a bowling ball rolling along a horizontal surface doesn't change its speed because the force is

perpendicular to its direction of motion.

the vibrations along with a transverse wave move in a direction

perpendicular to the wave

of all the sciences known as physics, chemistry, and biology the most basic is

physics

a photographer wishes to photograph a lightning bolt by setting a camera so that is is triggered by the sound of thuder

poor idea for all strikes

A good heat conductor is a

poor insulator

when you brush Fido's fur and scrape electrons from it, the charge of Fido's fir is

positive

If you strip electrons from an atom, the atom becomes a

positive ion

The nucleus of an atom is charged

positively

A job can be done slowly or quickly. Both may require the same amount of work, but different amounts of

power

The rate at which a transformer transfers energy is called

power

The purpose of a voltage source is to provide an electrical

pressure

Buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object because

pressure against its bottom is greater than pressure against its top.

When a shower is turned on, the shower curtain moves towards the water spray. This partly involves

pressure changes in moving fluids.

what happens to the internal water pressure in a narrowing pipe of moving water

pressure is less

When you stand on tiptoes on a bathroom scale, there is an increase in

pressure on the scale, not registered as weight.

If the masses of two planets are each somehow doubled, the force of gravity between them

quadruples

A spectacular classroom (or home) demo is placing a soda-pop can with a bit of water in it on a hot stove. Soon steam comes from the opening. Invert the can into a bath of water and atmospheric pressure crushes the can. The key to this dramatic whopping of the can is mainly

rapid condensation of steam in the can

Some singers are able to shatter a crystal chandelier with their voice, which illustrates

reasonance

when white light passes through a prism, green light is bent more than

red

After our Sun burns its supply of hydrogen, it will become a

red giant

When air gains speed in sweeping across a rooftop its internal pressure is

reduced

Air speeds up as it is blown across the top of the vertical tube. How does this affect the air pressure in the vertical tube, and what then occurs?

reduced air pressure in the due lets atmospheric pressure on the liquid surface push liquid up into the tube where it joins the jet of air in a mist

A spinning tossed baseball veers off course in the direction of

reduced air pressure on the ball.

Distant snow-covered hills appear yellowish due to the color of the

reflected light that survives scattering.

Galileo's demonstration at the Leaning Tower of Pisa

refuted Aristotle's teachings

As water changes to ice, water molecules

release energy.

When a gas is changed to a liquid phase, the gas

releases energy

After a ball tossed upward leaves your hand, the force of gravity on it

remains constant

The velocity of a typical projectile can be represented by horizontal and vertical components. Assuming negligible air resistance, the horizontal component along the path of the projectile

remains the same

A rock is thrown upward at 50° with respect to the horizontal. As it rises, its horizontal component of velocity

remains unchanged.

When a star collapses to become a black hole, its mass

remains unchanged.

Two positively-charged plastic straws near each other tend to

repel

When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil of wire, the coil

repels the magnet as it enters.

The resistance you feel when pushing a piece of iron into a coil involves

repulsion by the magnetic field you produce

Consider a huge rotating cloud of particles in space that gravitate together to form an increasingly dense ball. As the cloud shrinks in size, it

rotates faster

When stringing telephone lines between poles in the summer, it is advisable to allow the lines to

sag

Buoyant force is greatest on a submerged 1-cm3 block of

same

Compared to a bar of pure gold, the density of a pure gold ring is

same

Whether a truck comes to a stop by crashing into a haystack or a brick wall, the impulse is

same

Arnold Strongman and Suzie Small each pull on opposite ends of a rope in a tug-of-war. The greater force on the rope is exerted by

same by each

A car traveling at 100 km/h strikes an unfortunate bug that splatters on the windshield. The force of impact is greater on the

same for both

A 10-kg load on the left piston will support a 500-kg load on the right piston. How does the pressure of fluid against the lower part of the left piston compare with the pressure against the lower right piston?

same pressure on each

Because of refraction, a person standing waist deep in a swimming pool appears to have

short legs

The higher the temperature of an object, the

shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

The vibrating system with the greatest frequency has the

shortest period

Reverberation is a phenomenon you would be likely experience while singing in the

shower

When the temperature of a quantity of 0°C air at constant pressure is lowered by 1 degree, its volume

shrinks by 1/273. Submit

a motor and generator are

similar devices

We do not see stars in the daytime because

skylight overwhelms starlight.

Strictly speaking, gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is

slightly greater than air pressure outside the balloon.

When light from air passes through a prism, light of all frequencies

slow down

When thermal insulation, such as spun glass or rock wool, is placed beneath the roof of a house, then in cold weather the insulation will

slow the flow of heat from inside the house to outside

Refracted light that bends toward the normal is light that has

slowed down

If you keep decreasing the kinetic energy of atoms in a liquid, the liquid may

solidly

interference is a property of

sound and light

the doppler effect occurs for

sound and light

Light from inside a raindrop that exits into the air

sped up

The colors dispersed by a prism are due to different light

speeds inside the prism.

On the H-R diagram our Sun is a

star of average luminosity and temperature.

When Phil Physiker swings a buzzer over his head in a circle he hears

steady hum

As a wave-generating object moves through a medium, the waves behind

stretch out

As the number of loops in a current-carrying wire coil is increased, the magnetic field becomes

stronger

Comets orbit about the

sun

The star nearest the Earth is

sun

It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling

supports his knowledge

There is twice as much molecular kinetic energy in 2 liters of boiling water as in 1 liter of boiling water. Which will be the same for both?

temp

Heat is thermal energy that flows due to

temperature differences.

The Moon does not crash into Earth because

the Moon has a sufficient tangential speed.

A ball rolling down an incline has its maximum kinetic energy at

the bottom

You drive your car along the highway at a constant 60 km/h and apply the brakes until the car slows to 40 km/h. If at that moment you suddenly release the brakes,

the car tends to continue moving at 40 km/h.

Life jackets help you float because

the combined density of you and the jacket is less than your density alone.

An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, we conclude that

the density of salt water exceeds the density of the egg.

The white-hot sparks from a fireworks sparkler that strike your skin don't cause injury because

the energy per molecule is high, but the total energy transferred is small.

No work is done by gravity on a bowling ball that rolls along a bowling alley because

the force on the ball is at right angles to its motion.

A light woman and a heavy man jump from an airplane at the same time and open their same—size parachutes at the same time. Which person reaches a state of zero acceleration first?

the light woman

Which of following is a scientific statement

the moon is made of green cheese

Science is concerned mainly with the

the natural world

Which is largest?

the observable universe

A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire because

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains. Submit

the pressure in a stream of water is reduced as the stream speeds up. how then can a stream of water from a fire hose actually knock a person off his or her feet

the pressure due to water's change in momentum can be much greater than the water's internal pressure

A black hole is

the remains of a giant collapsed star.

The daily motion of celestial objects in the sky is caused by

the rotation of our planet about its axis.

When you push a crate across a level floor at constant speed, friction between the crate and the floor is

the same amount as your pushing force

After a rock that is thrown straight up reaches the top of its path and is starting to fall back down, its acceleration is

the same as it was at the top of its path.

A good cook knows that the temperature of violently boiling water is

the same as that of simmering water.

A karate expert executes a swift blow and breaks a cement block with her bare hand. The magnitude of the force on her hand is

the same as the force applied to the block.

A fast-moving car hitting a haystack or hitting a cement wall produces vastly different results. Both experience

the same impulse and same change in monentum

Nellie whirls a tether ball in a horizontal circular path over her head. If the action force is Nellie pulling on the string, the reaction force is

the string pulling on Nellie

Escape speed for a rocket is greatest from

the sun

Luminosity is

the total amount of light energy that star emits into space.

The event that changes a protostar to a full-fledged star is

thermonuclear fusion.

Pretend you are on a morning time mission on the surface of Venus. When looking out the spacepod window you are likely to see

thick and still smog-like cloud cover.

Which law of thermodynamics states that no system can reach absolute zero?

third law

Consider a lamp powered by a battery. Charge flows

through both the battery and the lamp

The distinction between impulse and force involves the

time the force acts. Submit

Polarization occurs for waves that are

transverse

Sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound is produced.

true

When a hydraulic press is properly used it is capable of multiplying force input.

true

If you do work on an object in half the time, your power output is

twice

Lifting a 100-N load with 50 N of force lifts it

twice as high

Work is done in lifting a barbell. How much work is done in lifting a twice-as-heavy barbell the same distance?

twice as much

You do work when pushing a cart. If you push the cart twice as far with the same constant force, then the work you do is

twice as much

The natural frequency of atoms in glass is in the

ultraviolet region of the spectrum.

A change in pressure at any point in a confined fluid at rest is transmitted

undiminished to all points in the fluid.

Convection currents in the air near a seashore are produced by

unequal heating of land and water.

Neptune was discovered by irregularities in the orbit of

uranus

The planet that is most tipped to its orbital plane is

uranus

Which is not a phase of matter?

vacuum

The speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit

varies

A vase sits at rest on a table. If the action force is Earth pulling downward on the vase, the reaction force is the

vase pulling upward on Earth.

As an object freely falls, its

velocity increases

The planet with a mass most like Earth's is

venus

acceleration and velocity are

very different from each other

Compared to the mass of a proton, the mass of an electron is

very much less

the electromagnetic spectrum spans waves ranging from lowest to highest frequencies. the smallest protion of the spectru is

visible light

A term for electric pressure is

voltage

An efficient step-down transformer decreases

voltage

step-up transformer in an electrical circuit can step up

voltage

electric potential energy is measured in Joules. electric potential energy per charge is measured

volts

A completely submerged object always displaces its own

volume of fluid.

When ice crystals form in clouds, the surrounding air

warms

Which has the higher specific heat capacity, water or land?

water

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst because

water expands when freezing.

The filling of a hot apple pie is hotter than the crust due to

water in the filling that better retains thermal energy. Submit

the distance between adjacent peaks in the direction of travel for a transverse wave is its

wavelength

Compared to other fundamental forces, the Universal Gravitational Constant G indicates gravity to be a relatively

weak force

Inside a freely-falling elevator your

weight is zero.

A rising balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the

weight of air it displaces.

In walking barefoot on red-hot coals, providing that bits of coal do not stick to your feet, it would be safer if your feet are

wet

compared with dry road, seeing is difficult when driving at night on a wet road. why

wet surface is smooth with less diffuse reflaction, part of which otherwise reacts tjej divers eyes

Power is defined as the

work done divided by the time to do the work.

a Hypothesis that is scientific must have a test for proving it

wrong

The color humans are most sensitive to is

yellow-green

Does a car hoisted for repairs in a service station have increased potential energy relative to the floor?

yes

Must a car with momentum have kinetic energy?

yes due to the motion alone

Is there a buoyant force acting on your classmates at this moment? Defend your answer.

yes, but it is significant compared with their weights

When you rub your hands together,

you cannot push harder on one hand than the other.

When you touch a nail stuck in ice, energy flows from

your hand to the ice.

A block of wood and a block of copper will feel neither hot nor cold to your touch when they each have

your temperature.

The speed of a vertically-thrown ball at the top of its path is

zero

When the elevator cable breaks, the elevator falls freely so your weight reading is

zero

When a rock thrown straight up reaches the exact top of its path, its velocity is

zero and its acceleration is 10 m/s2. Submit

the acceleration of a Tesla that maintains a constant velocity of 120 km/h over time of one-half hour is

zero with no change in velocity


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