Poem Test
Simile
Comparing two unlike things using the words "like" or "as"
John Donne
considered to be the face of metaphysical poetry - deeply affected by problems of his day , including plagues, religious strife, and even the martyrdom of his family members
Carpe Diem
" Seize the Day"
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
- Close friend and collaborator with Wordsworth - he was well traveled, ,but poor health and a life-long opium addiction ended his travels, and ultimately his life, early
Alfred, Lord Tennyson
- England's Poet Laureate ( after Wordsworth ) from 1850 - 1892) - Raised by religious parents and a famous poet for most of his life - Deeply admire by queen Victoria - Author of "In Memoriam A.H.H." -series of responses written to the death of Tennyson's friend Arthur henry Hallam - deals with themes of guilt, death, and the existence of God - Queen Victoria wrote - " In Memoriam is my comfort."
John Keats
- Published only 54 poems and died at the young age of 25 from tuberculosis - The early death of his father and his own struggles with illness lead him to write more mature poems than most of the Romantics, mainly about the harsh realities of the human conciliation - not widely recognized in his day but he is now a remembered as one of the most talented of all British poets for his use of a wide variety of poetic forms, the most famous being his "odes"
Robert Herrick
- Well known Cavalier Poet - member of the sons of ben, a group centered upon an admiration for the works of Ben Johnson
Lake Poets
- a group of loosely affiliated poets from the Lake district in Northwest England - remembered for their powerful and heartfelt poetry, much of which was inspired by the natural beauty of the region
William Wordsworth
- a leading figure of the romantics age and Britain's poet of laureate from 1845 - 1850 -he and Coleridge published what many now call the first true works of the Romantics period , Lyrical Ballads, contain poem celebrated ideal of common man , simplicity, innocence and nature - poetry the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
Metaphysical Poets
- a movement or group of poets that are remembered for writing about deeper, weighting themes and for their use of poetic conceits - common theme includes: religion, love, death, true beauty, and the enteral
George Herbert
- another prominent metaphysical poet - his most famous work is the Temple - many of his poem are remembered and sung as hymns today
Andrew Marvell
- considered by some to be a metaphysical but wrote many cavalier style poem at times, critical of the monarchy - good friend of john milton
Ben Johnson
- considered by some to be the second leading dramatist next to shakespeare - had a close personal relationship with multiple English Monarchs
Christopher Marlowe
- famous dramatist of the elizabethan age, more famous than shakespeare at the time - accused of being a government spy - stabbed to death supposedly for heresy against the church - one of the man figures often associated with Shakespeare authorships
Percy Bysshe Shelley
- he and his wife, Mary, were travel companions of Byron - he Is remembered for being unconventional in his poetry, as well as his political and social views that included anarchistic leanings, nonviolence, and vegetarianism
Lord Byron
- known by reputation as the most flamboyant, notorious, and fashionable poet of the Romantics - infamous for is controversial lifestyle of aristocratic excesses, huge debts, numerous love affairs with both sexes - famous work: Don Juan
Sir Walter Raleigh
- one of the most well-known figures in the elizabethan age - adored and knighted by queen Elizabeth - world traveler chartered by England to explore the new world - great explorer of the Americas, founder of Virginia and popularize tobacco
Christina Rossetti
- she and her brother , dante Gabriel Rossetti, were a part of the group of artists famously called the "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood" - Had tremendous impact on other female writers
Gerard Manley Hopkins
- struggled for most of his life with emotional instability, feeling of guilt, and illness - turned to religion and became a jesuit priest at a young age - remembered for his powerful spiritual poetry, innovations in rhythm, and extensive use of alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia, and unique rhyming techniques
John Milton
- well versed in the classics and proficient in over 6 languages - remembered for his radical political ideas against the monarchy / freedom of press and religious ideas ( diverse, against the Church of England ) - Author of Paradise Lost (epic poem) - blind for the last 20 years of his life
William Shakespeare
- widely regarded as the greatest writer in the english language - Known as the "Bard of Avon" - left lasting impression of the literary world, especially in the area of drama - biographical information have been debated for centuries, even terms of authorship
William Blake
- wrote poetry that felt was prophetic was considered mad - held many controversial views about religion and politics - claimed to see visions from God that inspired his poetry - work as engraver - many of his poems were printed as engravings, adding vocal art to his poetry - he completed many famous engravings - AUTHOR: songs of innocence and experience
Trochaic
1 stressed / 1 unstressed
Dactylic
1 stressed/ 2 unstressed
Italian/ Petrarchan sonnet
14 lines sonnet and is different from english
English Renaissance
1500 - mid 1600s - movement of art and culture originating in Italy during the 14th century, influenced by greeks and roman - transitioning from the dark or middle ages artistic expression flourished in writing, drama , music, and visual arts - Gutenberg's printing press/ protestant reformation - individual expression more accepted
Elizabethan Era
1558 - 1603 -considered by historians to be a golden age in english history - time of peace and emphasis on the arts, encouraged by queen Elizabeth - literary like poetry and drama flourished - shakespeare, Marlowe, Spenser, and Donne are remembered as some of the leading writers
Romantic Period
1780 -1830 artist and thinkers moved away from ideals of the neoclassical/ enlightenment ( 1660 - 1785) era ( science, reason , deism) - they communicated themes like the celebration of beauty, nature, emotion and "sublimes"
Victorian Period
1837 - 1901 - a long period of peace, prosperity, and national self-confidence for Britain - poet wrote balance both classical themes and those made popular by the romantics - writers like Charles Dickens brought the novel to prominence
Couplet
2 lines
Anapestic
2 unstressed/ 1 stressed
English/ shakespearean sonnet
3 quatrains and a ending couplet - 14 lines
Quatrain
4 lines
Senset
6 lines
Octave
8 lines
Imagery
elements in a poem that spark off the sense, sometimes call sensory details
Cavalier Poets
Group of poets famous for their support of the controversial english monarch, Charles I - they were encouraged by kings Charles because of his love of women art and his right to rule - did not deal with heavy themes like metaphysicals / glorified beauty, romantic love, social life, sensuality , and the crown
Consonance
Repetition of consonant sounds in short succession
Assonance
Repetition of vowel sounds (used to create internal rhyme)
lyric
expresses personal or emotional feelings
Personification
a figurative language technique of giving human qualities to non- human being / objects
Hyperbole
a figurative language technique of making an obvious exaggeration in oder to make a strong impression
Methaphor
a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true but helps explain an idea or make a comparison
Pastoral
a genre of writing or art that idolizes the simplicity and charm of rural, rustic, country life.
Stanza
a group of lines that form division in poetry
Meter
a pattern of "feet"
Parallelism
a repetition of a certain structure or grammatical construction
Rhyme Scheme
a set pattern of lines that rhymes in their final syllables
Conceit
a technique of extending a metaphor through a entire poem
Antithesis
a type of parallel structure that contrast s two opposite ideas
Ode
a type of poem devoted to praise someone something - an ode is usually written in a elevated Diction and often expresses deep feeing
Ballad
a type of poem, usually a narrative set to music and sometimes intended for dancing - often associated with love songs - often structured in quatrains
Sprung Rhythm
a unique, irregular meter characterized by feet of various syllables beginning with a stressed syllables, it is designed to cause a read to pause or speed up in certain places in a poem
Onomatopoeia
a word meant to imitate a real sound
Caesura
an Abrupt pause in a line of poetry
Rhythm
an audible pattern inverse establish by the intervals between stressed syllables
Diction
an author's chosen style and language usage, depending on the audience and purpose
Scansion
analysis of a poem's meter
Iambic
foot - 1 unstressed/ 1 stressed syllable
Foot
one set of specific syllables
Concrete/ shape poetry
poetry in which the arrangement of words, often in a certain shape, aims to add certain effects and convey intended ideas
Open form
poetry with no set rhyme or rhythm
Closed form
poetry with set rhymes schemes and meter
Alliteration
repetition of beginning consonant sounds
narrative
tells a story
Tone
the attitude of the author towards a certain subject, expressed in his or her use of language
Mood
the overall atmosphere of a poem and the emotional response that the poem evokes in its readers
Paradox
two statement that purposefully contradict each other to make a point