Poem Test

Simile

Comparing two unlike things using the words "like" or "as"

John Donne

considered to be the face of metaphysical poetry - deeply affected by problems of his day , including plagues, religious strife, and even the martyrdom of his family members

Carpe Diem

" Seize the Day"

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

- Close friend and collaborator with Wordsworth - he was well traveled, ,but poor health and a life-long opium addiction ended his travels, and ultimately his life, early

Alfred, Lord Tennyson

- England's Poet Laureate ( after Wordsworth ) from 1850 - 1892) - Raised by religious parents and a famous poet for most of his life - Deeply admire by queen Victoria - Author of "In Memoriam A.H.H." -series of responses written to the death of Tennyson's friend Arthur henry Hallam - deals with themes of guilt, death, and the existence of God - Queen Victoria wrote - " In Memoriam is my comfort."

John Keats

- Published only 54 poems and died at the young age of 25 from tuberculosis - The early death of his father and his own struggles with illness lead him to write more mature poems than most of the Romantics, mainly about the harsh realities of the human conciliation - not widely recognized in his day but he is now a remembered as one of the most talented of all British poets for his use of a wide variety of poetic forms, the most famous being his "odes"

Robert Herrick

- Well known Cavalier Poet - member of the sons of ben, a group centered upon an admiration for the works of Ben Johnson

Lake Poets

- a group of loosely affiliated poets from the Lake district in Northwest England - remembered for their powerful and heartfelt poetry, much of which was inspired by the natural beauty of the region

William Wordsworth

- a leading figure of the romantics age and Britain's poet of laureate from 1845 - 1850 -he and Coleridge published what many now call the first true works of the Romantics period , Lyrical Ballads, contain poem celebrated ideal of common man , simplicity, innocence and nature - poetry the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

Metaphysical Poets

- a movement or group of poets that are remembered for writing about deeper, weighting themes and for their use of poetic conceits - common theme includes: religion, love, death, true beauty, and the enteral

George Herbert

- another prominent metaphysical poet - his most famous work is the Temple - many of his poem are remembered and sung as hymns today

Andrew Marvell

- considered by some to be a metaphysical but wrote many cavalier style poem at times, critical of the monarchy - good friend of john milton

Ben Johnson

- considered by some to be the second leading dramatist next to shakespeare - had a close personal relationship with multiple English Monarchs

Christopher Marlowe

- famous dramatist of the elizabethan age, more famous than shakespeare at the time - accused of being a government spy - stabbed to death supposedly for heresy against the church - one of the man figures often associated with Shakespeare authorships

Percy Bysshe Shelley

- he and his wife, Mary, were travel companions of Byron - he Is remembered for being unconventional in his poetry, as well as his political and social views that included anarchistic leanings, nonviolence, and vegetarianism

Lord Byron

- known by reputation as the most flamboyant, notorious, and fashionable poet of the Romantics - infamous for is controversial lifestyle of aristocratic excesses, huge debts, numerous love affairs with both sexes - famous work: Don Juan

Sir Walter Raleigh

- one of the most well-known figures in the elizabethan age - adored and knighted by queen Elizabeth - world traveler chartered by England to explore the new world - great explorer of the Americas, founder of Virginia and popularize tobacco

Christina Rossetti

- she and her brother , dante Gabriel Rossetti, were a part of the group of artists famously called the "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood" - Had tremendous impact on other female writers

Gerard Manley Hopkins

- struggled for most of his life with emotional instability, feeling of guilt, and illness - turned to religion and became a jesuit priest at a young age - remembered for his powerful spiritual poetry, innovations in rhythm, and extensive use of alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia, and unique rhyming techniques

John Milton

- well versed in the classics and proficient in over 6 languages - remembered for his radical political ideas against the monarchy / freedom of press and religious ideas ( diverse, against the Church of England ) - Author of Paradise Lost (epic poem) - blind for the last 20 years of his life

William Shakespeare

- widely regarded as the greatest writer in the english language - Known as the "Bard of Avon" - left lasting impression of the literary world, especially in the area of drama - biographical information have been debated for centuries, even terms of authorship

William Blake

- wrote poetry that felt was prophetic was considered mad - held many controversial views about religion and politics - claimed to see visions from God that inspired his poetry - work as engraver - many of his poems were printed as engravings, adding vocal art to his poetry - he completed many famous engravings - AUTHOR: songs of innocence and experience

Trochaic

1 stressed / 1 unstressed

Dactylic

1 stressed/ 2 unstressed

Italian/ Petrarchan sonnet

14 lines sonnet and is different from english

English Renaissance

1500 - mid 1600s - movement of art and culture originating in Italy during the 14th century, influenced by greeks and roman - transitioning from the dark or middle ages artistic expression flourished in writing, drama , music, and visual arts - Gutenberg's printing press/ protestant reformation - individual expression more accepted

Elizabethan Era

1558 - 1603 -considered by historians to be a golden age in english history - time of peace and emphasis on the arts, encouraged by queen Elizabeth - literary like poetry and drama flourished - shakespeare, Marlowe, Spenser, and Donne are remembered as some of the leading writers

Romantic Period

1780 -1830 artist and thinkers moved away from ideals of the neoclassical/ enlightenment ( 1660 - 1785) era ( science, reason , deism) - they communicated themes like the celebration of beauty, nature, emotion and "sublimes"

Victorian Period

1837 - 1901 - a long period of peace, prosperity, and national self-confidence for Britain - poet wrote balance both classical themes and those made popular by the romantics - writers like Charles Dickens brought the novel to prominence

Couplet

2 lines

Anapestic

2 unstressed/ 1 stressed

English/ shakespearean sonnet

3 quatrains and a ending couplet - 14 lines

Quatrain

4 lines

Senset

6 lines

Octave

8 lines

Imagery

elements in a poem that spark off the sense, sometimes call sensory details

Cavalier Poets

Group of poets famous for their support of the controversial english monarch, Charles I - they were encouraged by kings Charles because of his love of women art and his right to rule - did not deal with heavy themes like metaphysicals / glorified beauty, romantic love, social life, sensuality , and the crown

Consonance

Repetition of consonant sounds in short succession

Assonance

Repetition of vowel sounds (used to create internal rhyme)

lyric

expresses personal or emotional feelings

Personification

a figurative language technique of giving human qualities to non- human being / objects

Hyperbole

a figurative language technique of making an obvious exaggeration in oder to make a strong impression

Methaphor

a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true but helps explain an idea or make a comparison

Pastoral

a genre of writing or art that idolizes the simplicity and charm of rural, rustic, country life.

Stanza

a group of lines that form division in poetry

Meter

a pattern of "feet"

Parallelism

a repetition of a certain structure or grammatical construction

Rhyme Scheme

a set pattern of lines that rhymes in their final syllables

Conceit

a technique of extending a metaphor through a entire poem

Antithesis

a type of parallel structure that contrast s two opposite ideas

Ode

a type of poem devoted to praise someone something - an ode is usually written in a elevated Diction and often expresses deep feeing

Ballad

a type of poem, usually a narrative set to music and sometimes intended for dancing - often associated with love songs - often structured in quatrains

Sprung Rhythm

a unique, irregular meter characterized by feet of various syllables beginning with a stressed syllables, it is designed to cause a read to pause or speed up in certain places in a poem

Onomatopoeia

a word meant to imitate a real sound

Caesura

an Abrupt pause in a line of poetry

Rhythm

an audible pattern inverse establish by the intervals between stressed syllables

Diction

an author's chosen style and language usage, depending on the audience and purpose

Scansion

analysis of a poem's meter

Iambic

foot - 1 unstressed/ 1 stressed syllable

Foot

one set of specific syllables

Concrete/ shape poetry

poetry in which the arrangement of words, often in a certain shape, aims to add certain effects and convey intended ideas

Open form

poetry with no set rhyme or rhythm

Closed form

poetry with set rhymes schemes and meter

Alliteration

repetition of beginning consonant sounds

narrative

tells a story

Tone

the attitude of the author towards a certain subject, expressed in his or her use of language

Mood

the overall atmosphere of a poem and the emotional response that the poem evokes in its readers

Paradox

two statement that purposefully contradict each other to make a point