POS 100 Exam 2

Early TV network news programs focused their evening news programs on _____ as a way to inspire trust in viewers.

an "anchorman"

Group leaders who follow news in specific areas are called _____ policy elites.

attentive

The process of transmitting information from one individual to another is called?

communication.

More and more, cable news channels like MSNBC and Fox News seem analogous to

early partisan newspapers.

Journalistic norms of objectivity and accuracy emerged mid-century, some say, because of?

lack of competition, allowing focus on quality rather than sensationalism.

In 2016, Beyoncé made headlines with her single "Formation," which conveyed a political commentary on the recent

police shootings.

The traditional division of mass media into _________ has been made problematic by the Internet

print and broadcast

Edward R. Murrow earned his fame via _____ as he broadcast news of German air raids on London.

radio

The first media technology to make broadcast journalists into household names was

radio

Despite new technological options, and despite criticism that in its current form it polarizes politics in an unhealthy way, _____ of Americans listen to traditional AM/FM radio weekly.

90%

Mass media refers to?

the means of communicating to audiences.

. _________ occurs when a media outlet such as a magazine informs a relatively small number of group leaders who follow news in a specific area, and those leaders in turn mobilize their followers to put pressure on public officials.

The two-step flow of communication

Much like newspaper circulation, news magazine circulation has declined in recent years. Today, only ________ magazine enjoys big circulation numbers.

Time.

The first newspapers in the United States were?

financed by political parties that advocated party causes.

The Internet was started in?

in 1969, with support from the U.S. Department of Defense.

To stay in business in the digital age, many newspapers have __________ their online content, with varying degrees of success.

instituted paywalls for

Counting both print and online users, news readership of newspapers.

is up overall

A poll of Americans who had seen or heard of Michael Moore's 2007 documentary Sicko found that _________ changed their mind and said health-care reform was more necessary

nearly half

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, competition for readers among the big-city dailies grew so fierce, that publishers started entertaining them with all of the following EXCEPT?

objective news stories.

Newspapers did not move toward independent ownership and large circulation until the 1830s when publishers realized they could?

raise revenue through advertising

According to campaign scholars, the more attention traditional news outlets pay to a political candidate's (such as Donald Trump's) Twitter activity,

the better he/she will do.

The amount of information online is so vast that most people rely on _________ to help them determine which news is real and important.

the mainstream media