Practice Final Exam Block 4

The most commonly performed abdominal examination is referred to as a(n):

KUB

The patient in the figure above is placed in which of the following positions?

LAO

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the axillary portion of the right ribs?

LAO

Where must the CR be centered for an AP supine projection of the abdomen as part of the acute abdominal series?

Level of iliac crest

Which of the following solid organs is the largest in the abdomen?

Liver

What is the classification of barium sulfate as a contrast media?

Radiopaque

Which position should the patient be placed in to insert the enema tip for a barium enema?

Sims

Why is the RAO sternum preferred to the LAO position?

The RAO projects the sternum over the shadow of the heart.

Which aspect of the large intestine is found between the left and right colic flexures?

Transverse colon

Instructing your patient to take in two deep breaths before making the exposure, is recommended for achieving a quality chest x-ray.

True

At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projections (LAO or RAO) of the large intestine?

a longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side

The first cervical vertebra is called the:

atlas

The iliac crest corresponds with the ____ vertebral level.

b. L4-5

This question pertains to an UGI exam using air and barium as contrast: When looking at an image of the stomach taken with the patient in an LPO, you will see:

barium in the fundus, air in the body of the stomach

The area of the colon identified in the figure below is the:

cecum

How far should the IR extend beyond the ankle or knee joint for an AP projection of the leg?

enough to include both joints but no more than 1 1/2" above or below.

For a lateral projection of the facial bones, the central ray will enter:

halfway between the outer canthus and the EAM

How is the central ray positioned for an x-ray projection done with the patient placed in a decubitus position?

horizontal

The small bone situated at the base of the tongue is the:

hyoid

Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph (KUB) done in the supine position?

iliac crests

Where is the bottom of the IR positioned for an AP projection of the lower ribs (below the diaphragm)?

just below the iliac crest

The bone part identified in the figure above is the:

lateral malleolus

The bone part identified in the figure above is the:

lesser trochanter

Each lung is divided into specific segments called:

lobes

Your patient is positioned in a 15 -20 degree RAO to visualize the sternum. Which of the following correctly describes what you would do to correct this?

nothing, this is exactly how the sternum is positioned

Which ribs are demonstrated on an AP oblique (RPO/LPO) projection?

side closest to the IR

Which ribs are demonstrated on an PA oblique (RAO/LAO) projection?

side farthest from the IR

The PA oblique projection of the colon done in the LAO position clearly demonstrates the:

splenic flexure

The respiration phase for an AP projection of the shoulder should be:

suspended

Which of the following should be used for an AP projection of the humerus?

suspended respiration

For a PA projection of the hand, the central ray is directed to the:

third MCP joint

The xray tube contains an anode and a cathode. The cathode is "negative" and contains two primary parts- a filament and focusing cup.

true

The central-ray angle for an AP oblique sacroiliac joint is:

0 degrees

An advantage of using a capacitor-discharge mobile unit would be: 1.) small size 2.) long battery life 3.) ease of movement around the hospita

1 and 3

For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should enter:

1 inch inferior to the coracoid process

Which of the following general procedures should be observed when performing x-ray examinations of the upper limb? 1.) remove rings and watches 2.) have the patient change into a gown (if applicable) 3.) use an R or L marker on each image

1, 2, and 3

The central ray must be centered within how many inches of the midline of the grid to avoid grid cutoff?

1.5 inches

How far above the shoulders should the IR be positioned for PA and lateral chest radiographs?

1.5 to 2 inches

How many x-ray exposures can be made on a fully charged mobile x-ray machine?

10 to 15

According to federal regulations, the source-to-skin (SSD) distance during mobile radiography may not be less than:

12 inches

Which of the following are advantages of using the double contrast technique for examination of the stomach? 1.) fewer radiographs are required 2.) small lesions are not obscured 3.) the mucosal lining of the stomach can be more clearly visualized

2 and 3

Which of the following preliminary steps should the radiographer perform before beginning a mobile x-ray examination? 1.) invite family members to remain in the room 2.) introduce oneself to the patient and family 3.) determine that the correct patient is in the room

2 and 3

How much should the leg be flexed for a lateral projection of the knee?

20 to 30 degrees

"High-density" barium sulfate is used primarily for: 1.) enteroclysis intestine examinations 2.) single-contrast intestine examinations 3.) double-contrast intestine examinations

3 only

A properly exposed abdominal radiograph will NOT exhibit the: 1.) psoas muscles 2.) lower border of the liver 3.) spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae

3 only

What is recommended on how long should the patient remain in position before making the exposure when performing a projection in the lateral or dorsal decubitus position?

5 minutes

What is the recommended SID for the erect lateral sternum position?

60 to 72 inches (152 to 183 cm)

What is the recommended SID for a PA chest radiograph?

72 inches

A longer SID reduces magnification, which enables both AC joints to be included in one image. It also reduces the distortion of the joint space resulting from central ray divergence. Which of the following is the recommended SID for the AC joint?

72"

During mobile radiography, the least amount of scattered radiation will occur at what angle to the object being radiographed?

90 degrees

What image will this position obtain?

AP left lateral decub

At what level is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the rectosigmoid area?

ASIS

Which of the following landmarks is often easier to palpate to locate the lower abdomen on the obese patient?

ASIS

Merrill's recommends using a 10 x 12 lengthwise for the VCUG. When performing the VCUG in the lab, does it make more sense to obtain the radiograph LW or CW?

Crosswise

A right or left side marker may be taped over the area of interest to indicate the location of the trauma to the ribs.

False