prep u-acid base

What is the lab test commonly used in the assessment and treatment of acid-base balance? A. Urinalysis B. Complete blood count C. Chemistry I D. Arterial blood gas

D. Arterial blood gas

A client has been diagnosed with an intestinal obstruction and has a nasogastric tube set to low continuous suction. Which acid-base disturbance is this client at risk for developing? A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Metabolic acidosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

D. Metabolic alkalosis

The nurse on a surgical unit is caring for a client recovering from recent surgery with the placement of a nasogastric tube to low continuous suction Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to occur? A. Respiratory acidosis B. Metabolic acidosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

D. Metabolic alkalosis

A client who is being treated for pneumonia reports sudden shortness of breath. An arterial blood gas (ABG) is drawn, yielding the following values: pH 7.21, PaCO2 64 mm Hg, HCO3 = 24 mm Hg. What does the ABG reflect? A. Metabolic alkalosis B. Metabolic acidosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Respiratory acidosis

D. Respiratory acidosis

A client recovering from an acute asthma attack experiences respiratory alkalosis. The nurse measures a respiratory rate of 46 breaths/minute, a heart rate of 110 beats/minute, a blood pressure of 162/90 mm Hg, and a temperature of 98.6° F (37° C). To help correct respiratory alkalosis, the nurse should: A. insert a nasogastric tube (NG) as ordered. B. administer acetaminophen as ordered. C. administer antibiotics as ordered. D. instruct the client to breathe into a paper bag.

D. instruct the client to breathe into a paper bag.

A nurse assesses arterial blood gas results for a client in acute respiratory failure (ARF). Which of the following results are consistent with this disorder? A. pH 7.46, PaO2 80 mm Hg B. pH 7.36, PaCO2 32 mm Hg C. pH 7.35, PaCO2 48 mm Hg D. pH 7.28, PaO2 50 mm Hg

D. pH 7.28, PaO2 50 mm Hg

Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results would the nurse anticipate for a client with a 3-day history of vomiting? A. pH: 7.34, PaCO2: 60 mm Hg, HCO3: 34 B. pH: 7.28, PaCO2: 25 mm Hg, HCO3: 15 C. pH: 7.45, PaCO2: 32 mm Hg, HCO3-: 21 D. pH: 7.55, PaCO2: 60 mm Hg, HCO3-: 28

D. pH: 7.55, PaCO2: 60 mm Hg, HCO3-: 28

A client appears flushed and has shallow respirations. The arterial blood gas report shows the following: pH, 7.24; partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2), 49 mm Hg (6.5 kPa); bicarbonate (HCO3-), 24 mEq/L (24 mmol/L). These findings are indicative of which acid-base imbalance? A. metabolic alkalosis B. metabolic acidosis C. respiratory acidosis D. respiratory alkalosis

C. respiratory acidosis

The nurse is analyzing the arterial blood gas (AGB) results of a client diagnosed with severe pneumonia. What ABG results are most consistent with this diagnosis? A. pH: 7.42, PaCO2: 45 mm Hg, HCO3-: 22 mEq /L B. pH: 7.20, PaCO2: 65 mm Hg, HCO3-: 26 mEq/L C. pH: 7.50, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3-: 24 mEq/L D. pH: 7.32, PaCO2: 40 mm Hg, HCO3-: 18 mEq/L

B. pH: 7.20, PaCO2: 65 mm Hg, HCO3-: 26 mEq/L

The physician has prescribed sodium chloride for a hospitalized 51-year-old client in metabolic alkalosis. Which nursing actions are required to manage this client? Select all that apply. A. Suction the client's airway. B. Document presenting signs and symptoms. C. Compare ABG findings with previous results. D. Maintain intake and output records. E. Administer IV bicarbonate.

B. Document presenting signs and symptoms. C. Compare ABG findings with previous results. D. Maintain intake and output records.

A young man has developed gastric esophageal reflux disease. He is treating it with antacids. Which acid-base imbalance is he at risk for developing? A. Respiratory acidosis B. Metabolic acidosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

B. Metabolic acidosis

In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), decreased carbon dioxide elimination results in increased carbon dioxide tension in arterial blood, leading to what acid-base imbalance? A. Respiratory alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic alkalosis D. Metabolic acidosis

B. Respiratory acidosis

When evaluating a client's arterial blood gases (ABGs), which value is consistent with metabolic alkalosis? A. HCO3 21 mEq/L B. pH 7.48 C. O2 saturation 95% D. PaCO2 36

B. pH 7.48

A patient presents to the Emergency Department experiencing a severe anxiety attack and is hyperventilating. The nurse would expect the patient's pH value to be which of the following? A. 7.50 B. 7.45 C. 7.30 D. 7.35

A. 7.50

A client with emphysema is at a greater risk for developing what acid-base imbalance? A. Chronic respiratory acidosis B. Respiratory alkalosis C. Chronic metabolic acidosis D. Metabolic alkalosis

A. Chronic respiratory acidosis

Upon shift report, the nurse learns the following laboratory values: pH, 7.44; PCO2, 30mmHg; and HCO3,21 mEq/L for a client with noted acid-base disturbances. Which acid-base imbalance is the client most likely experiencing? A. Compensated respiratory alkalosis B. Compensated metabolic acidosis C. Compensated metabolic alkalosis D. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis

A. Compensated respiratory alkalosis

A 75-year-old client who complains of a "sour stomach" has been taking baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) regularly as a self-treatment. This may place the client at risk for what acid-base imbalance? A. Metabolic alkalosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Metabolic acidosis

A. Metabolic Alkalosis

The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a client with a possible acid-base imbalance. The physician has ordered an arterial blood gas (ABG). What is one of the most important indications of an acid-base imbalance that is shown in an ABG? A. Lactate B. Bicarbonate C. Nitrogen D. Carbonic acid

B. Bicarbonate

When a client's ventilation is impaired, the body retains which substance? A. Nitrous oxide B. Carbon dioxide (CO2) C. Oxygen D. Sodium bicarbonate

B. Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Which of the following would be a potential cause of respiratory acidosis? A. Hyperventilation B. Diarrhea C. Hypoventilation D. Vomiting

C. Hypoventilation

The nurse is caring for a client with multiple organ failure who is in metabolic acidosis. Which pair of organs is responsible for regulatory processes and compensation? A. Kidneys and liver B. Heart and lungs C. Lungs and kidneys D. Pancreas and heart

C. Lungs and kidneys

As status asthmaticus worsens, the nurse would expect which acid-base imbalance? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

C. Respiratory acidosis

A client has been diagnosed with metabolic alkalosis. The nurse should anticipate what finding from the client's arterial blood gases? A. Serum bicarbonate of 21 mEq/L B. pH 7.30 C. Serum bicarbonate of 28 mEq/L D. pH 7.26

C. Serum bicarbonate of 28 mEq/L

The nurse is interpreting blood gases for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which set of arterial blood gas values indicates respiratory acidosis? A. pH 7.49, Pa<sc>CO2 34, HCO3 25 B. pH 7.47, Pa<sc>CO2 28, HCO3 30 C. pH 7.25, Pa<sc>CO2 48, HCO3 24 D. pH 7.87, Pa<sc>CO2 38, HCO3 28

C. pH 7.25, Pa<sc>CO2 48, HCO3 24

Which set of arterial blood gas (ABG) results requires further investigation? A. pH 7.38, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 36 mm Hg, partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) 95 mm Hg, bicarbonate (HCO3-) 24 mEq/L B. pH 7.35, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, PaO2 91 mm Hg, and HCO3- 22 mEq/L C. pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 89 mm Hg, and HCO3- 18 mEq/L D. pH 7.44, PaCO2 43 mm Hg, PaO2 99 mm Hg, and HCO3- 26 mEq/L

C. pH 7.49, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 89 mm Hg, and HCO3- 18 mEq/L