PREPU Ch 35: Assessment of Musculoskeletal Function

Which term refers to moving away from midline?

Abduction

The emergency room nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site?

The fracture is on the diaphysis.

The nurse recognizes that rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by:

Ulnar deviation

While reading a client's chart, the nurse notices that the client is documented to have paresthesia. The nurse plans care for a client with

abnormal sensations.

The nurse is assessing a new client with a musculoskeletal problem. What is the best question by the nurse to elicit more information related to the injury?

"Do you have any chronic disorder or recent injury?"

A nursing student asks the nurse why older adults are at risk for falls. The best response by the nurse is:

"Muscles atrophy with aging."

Which nursing action is most important in caring for the client following an arthrogram?

Apply ice to the joint.

During a general musculoskeletal assessment, what would help the nurse determine the client's muscle strength?

Applying force to the client's extremity as the client pushes against that force.

Which is useful in identifying acute or chronic tears of the joint capsule or supporting ligaments of the knee, shoulder, ankle, hip, or wrist?

Arthrography

Which is an indicator of neurovascular compromise?

Capillary refill of more than 3 seconds

What is the term for a rhythmic contraction of a muscle?

Clonus

The homecare nurse is evaluating the musculoskeletal system of a geriatric client whose previous assessment was within normal limits. The nurse initiates a call to the health care provider and/or emergency services when which change is found?

Decreased right-sided muscle strength

The nurse is performing a neurovascular assessment of a client's injured extremity. Which would the nurse report?

Dusky or mottled skin color

A client is diagnosed with a fracture of a diarthrosis joint. What is an example of this type of joint?

Elbow

Which of the following is the most common site of joint effusion?

Knee

The nurse is assessing a client's ulnar nerve. What technique will the nurse use?

Prick the distal fat pad of the small finger.

After a fracture, during which stage or phase of bone healing is devitalized tissue removed and new bone reorganized into its former structural arrangement?

Remodeling

Which of the following is the final stage of fracture repair?

Remodeling

Which of the following is an appropriate priority nursing diagnosis for the client following an arthrocentesis?

Risk for infection

The nurse is teaching a client about a vitamin that supports calcium's absorption. What vitamin is the nurse teaching the client about?

Vitamin D

The nurse is conducting the admission assessment for a client who is to undergo an arthrogram. What is the priority question the nurse should ask?

"Do you have any allergies?"

The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment for a client whose right leg muscles exhibit no tone and are limp. Which descriptor should the nurse use to document this condition?

Flaccid

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment. What will this assessment include?

Ask the client to plantar flex the toes.

A client scheduled to undergo an electromyography asks the nurse what this test will evaluate. What is the correct response from the nurse?

Muscle weakness

A client has just undergone arthrography. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?

Report joint crackling or clicking noises occurring after the second day.

A client is seen in the emergency room for a knee injury that happened during a basketball game. Diagnostic tests reveal torn cords of fibrous connective tissue that connect muscles to bones. What type of tear has this client sustained?

Tendon

A client tells the health care provider about shoulder pain that is present even without any strenuous movement. The health care provider identifies a sac filled with synovial fluid. What condition will the nurse educate the client about?

bursitis

A client has an exaggerated convex curvature of the thoracic spine. What is this condition called?

kyphosis

The older client asks the nurse how best to maintain strong bones. What is the nurse's best response?

"Weight-bearing exercises can strengthen bones."

The nurse is preparing the client for computed tomography. Which information should be given by the nurse?

"You must remain very still during the procedure."

The nurse is preparing the client with a right neck mass for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Which question should the nurse ask? Select all that apply.

-"Are you wearing any jewelry?" -"Have you removed your hearing aid?" -"Do you have a pacemaker?"

Which assessment findings indicate to the nurse that a client may have peripheral neurovascular dysfunction? Select all that apply.

-Absence of feeling -Capillary refill of 4 to 5 seconds -Cool skin -Pain -Weakness in motion

Red bone marrow produces which of the following? Select all that apply.

-Platelets -White blood cells (WBCs) -Red blood cells (RBCs)

A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?

An electromyography

A patient is scheduled for a procedure that will allow the physician to visualize the knee joint in order to diagnose the patient's pain. What procedure will the nurse prepare the patient for?

Arthroscopy

Which is a neurovascular problem caused by pressure within a muscle area that increases to such an extent that microcirculation diminishes?

Compartment syndrome

Which term refers to the shaft of the long bone?

Diaphysis

Which diagnostic test would the nurse expect to be ordered for a client with lower extremity muscle weakness?

Electromyograph (EMG)

The nurse is reporting on the results of client blood work to the oncoming nurse. Upon reviewing the data, it is noted that the client has an elevated uric acid level. Which inflammatory process would the nurse screen for on shift rounds?

Gout

Which of the following is an example of a hinge joint?

Knee

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as?

Kyphosis

The nurse would expect which of the following age-related change of the musculoskeletal system?

Loss of bone mass

A nurse is caring for a client with an undiagnosed bone disease. When instructing on the normal process to maintain bone tissue, which process transforms osteoblasts into mature bone cells?

Ossification and calcification

An instructor is describing the process of bone development. Which of the following would the instructor describe as being responsible for the process of ossification?

Osteoblasts

A patient comes to the clinic and informs the nurse of numbness, tingling, and a burning sensation in the arm from the elbow down to the fingers. What type of symptom would this be documented as?

Paresthesia

A 10-year-old boy who was brought to the emergency room after a skiing accident is diagnosed with a fracture of the distal end of the femur. Why is this type of fracture significant?

Potential growth problems may result from damage to the epiphyseal plate.

Which nursing instruction is most important to stress when teaching on calcium intake?

Provide age-related calcium intake recommendations.

A client comes to the emergency department with reports of pain in the left ankle. The client states, "I missed a step coming down the stairs, and landed funny." The ankle is swollen and tender to the touch. What will the nurse do to help control the swelling?

Raise the left leg above the level of the heart.

Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint?

Synarthrosis

The nurse assesses soft subcutaneous nodules along the line of the tendons in a patient's hand and wrist. What does this finding indicate to the nurse?

The patient has rheumatoid arthritis.

A nurse provides nutritional health teaching to an adult client who had two fractures in 1 year. Besides recommending supplemental calcium, the nurse suggests a high-calcium diet. What would the nurse recommend that the client increase intake of?

Yogurt and cheese.

Which assessment finding would cause the nurse to suspect compartment syndrome in the client following a bone biopsy?

Increased diameter of the calf

Which laboratory study indicates the rate of bone turnover?

Serum osteocalcin

A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which structure?

Tendon

The nurse working in the emergency department receives a call from the x-ray department communicating that the client the nurse is caring for has a fracture in the shaft of the tibia. The nurse tells the physician that the client's fracture is in the

diaphysis.

The nurse is providing care to a client following a knee arthroscopy. What would the nurse expect to include in the client's plan of care?

Administering the prescribed analgesic.

Which hormone inhibits bone reabsorption and increases calcium deposit in the bone?

Calcitonin

The nurse is assessing the client for scoliosis. What will the nurse have the client do to perform the assessment?

Stand behind the client and ask the client to bend forward at the waist.

The nurse is conducting a medication reconciliation with a client admitted with a fracture. What medication predisposes a client for a risk for fractures?

prednisone

The nurse is assigned to a client admitted with advanced Parkinson's disease. What type of gait correlates with Parkinson's disease?

shuffling

An example of a flat bone is the

sternum.