Psy Cog Chapter 8

Much research has been dedicated to improving the reliability of eyewitness testimony. One finding reveals that when constructing a lineup,

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Ellen is 52 years old. Which of the following experiences has most likely faded from her memory? a. winning the first grade spelling bee. b. going to her high school prom. c. getting her driver's license. d. moving into her first apartment.

-winning the first grade spelling bee.

For most adults over age 40, the reminiscence bump describes enhanced memory for

-(Check later) adolescence and early childhood.

Memories of the past that have been pushed out of a person's consciousness are considered to be ________.

-(false/wrong=check in)

Jacoby's experiment, in which participants made judgments about whether they had previously seen the names of famous and non-famous people, found that inaccurate memories based on source misattributions occurred after a delay of

-24 hours.

A script is a type of schema that also includes knowledge of

-a sequence of actions.

Which of the following term does not reflect the concept of flashbulb memories? a. intense b. circumstantial c. malleable d. accurate

-accurate

The conclusion to be drawn from the man named Shereshevskii whose abnormal brain functioning gave him virtually limitless word-for-word memory is that having memory like a video recorder

-can seriously disrupt functioning in one's personal life.

Which of the following has been shown to play a role in the strength of memories that are associated with emotion?

-cortisol.

Arkes and Freedman's "baseball game" experiment asked participants to indicate whether the following sentence was present in a passage they had previously read about events in a game: "The batter was safe at first." Their findings showed inaccurate memories involved.

-creations from inferences based on baseball knowledge.

Your text's discussion of eyewitness testimony illustrates that this type of memory is frequently influenced by all of the following EXCEPT... a. increased confidence due to post-event questioning. b. failing to elaboratively errors due to familiarity. c. source-monitoring errors due to familiarity. d. inattention to relevant information due to the emotional nature of these events.

-failing to elaboratively errors due to familiarity.

Flashbulb memory is best represented by which of the following statement?

-it's memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time.

Experiments that argue against a special flashbulb memory mechanism find that as time increases since the occurrence of the flashbulb event, participants

-make more errors in their recollection.

After witnessing a bank robbery downtown, Javier completed a cognitive interview at the police station. What term would Javier likely use to describe his interview experience?

-multidimensional

The idea that we remember life events better because we encounter the information over and over in what we read, see on TV, and talk about with other people is called the

-narrative rehearsal hypothesis.

Which of the following is the key to the illusory truth effect?

-repetition.

Your friend has been sick for several days, so you go over to her home to make her some chicken soup. Searching for a spoon, you first reach in a top drawer beside the dishwasher. Then, you turn to the big cupboard beside the stove to search for a pan. In your search, you have relied on a kitchen

-schema.

In the experiment in which participants sat in an office and then were asked to remember what they saw in the office, participants "remembered" some things, like books, that weren't actually there. This experiment illustrates the effect of _______________ on memory.

-schemas.

Jackie went to the grocery store to pick up yogurt, bread, and apples. First, she picked up a hand basket for carrying her groceries, and then she searched the store. After finding what she needed, she stood in a check-out line. Then, the cashier put her items in a plastic bag, and soon after, Jackie left the store. As readers of this event, we understand that Jackie paid for the groceries, even though it wasn't mentioned, because we are relying on a grocery store _____.

-script.

Stanny and Johnson's "weapons focus" experiment, investigating memory for crime scenes, found that

-the presence of a weapon hinders memory for other parts of the event.