PSYC 10213 Chapter 10

When one considers the majority of the scientific data that are available, what can be said about sexual orientation?

There is no clear indication that anything we can identify explains sexual orientation

What is Prader-Willi syndrome?

a genetic disorder that results in persistent feeling of intense hunger and reduced rates of metabolism

The need for ________ might explain why we "friend" people on social media websites, join clubs or hobby groups, and spend time with others when we might otherwise feel like being by ourselves.

affiliation

Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Despite her drastically thin appearance, Mercy genuinely believes that she is overweight, often referring to herself as "fat" Mercy probably suffers from ________.

anorexia nervosa

The ________ complex is the part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory.

basolateral

The ________ complex and the central ________ are both part of the amygdala.

basolateral; nucleus

The hierarchy of needs is the spectrum of needs ranging from basic ________ needs to ________ needs and finally striving for self-actualization.

biological; social

Empty stomachs contract, causing both hunger pangs and the secretion of chemical messages that travel to the brain to serve as a signal to initiate feeding behavior. This is an example of ________.

how physiological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger

Who was the first theorist to explore the idea that the way we appraise a situation would influence the type of emotion that we'd experience in response to that event?

Stanley Schachter

Which of the following is something an advocate for arousal theory might observe?

When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace

Amir bites his fingernails when he is nervous or anxious, and he does so without any intention or even recognition that he is doing so. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.

a habit

According to research, the need for ________ encourages Mr. Blutarski to complete a second PhD., so he can add another accomplishment to his already long list of accolades.

achievement

Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior?

babysitting your younger brother in order to receive an hourly fee

Dr. Korkolos is a surgeon who conducts procedures that modify a patient's gastrointestinal system so that they can only eat or absorb a limited amount of food. Dr. Korkolos's expertise is in ________ surgery.

bariatric

Jude is a man who is emotionally and sexually attracted to both men and women, although he tends to date only one person at a time and prefers monogamous relationships. Jude is ________.

bisexual

Which of the following is the time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?

refractory period

The ________ theory asserts that each individual has an ideal body weight that is resistant to change.

set point

Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do, even though she receives no material rewards for doing so. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation.

intrinsic

Which option is best described as a hormone that induces feelings of satiety, or fullness when eating?

leptin

What does set point theory suggest about the probable results of bariatric surgery?

It will not result in long term weight loss because the body will resist change and seek its initial set point

Which individual produced volumes that discussed sexual behavior among Americans in a way that had never before been made public, research that was not happily received by all who read it?

Kinsey

Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?

Naomi believes that she can successfully complete law school

Which of the following describes the Yerkes-Dodson law?

Simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, yet complex tasks are performed best when arousal levels are low.

Food, water, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

physiological

According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: ________.

physiological and cognitive

What is the primary distinction between bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder?

Bulimia nervosa involves inappropriate purging behaviors while binge eating disorder does not

Anasophia binges on chocolates, then makes herself vomit so that she won't retain any of the calories she just ingested. When she is not doing this she regular abuses laxatives in the hope that she will not absorb calories and gain weight. Anasophia has a normal body size, but has a great fear of gaining weight. It would be a good idea for Anasophia to be evaluated to see if she is suffering from ________.

bulimia nervosa

A(n) ________ is a subjective, affective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. A(n) ________ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.

emotion; mood

Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

esteem

Sweating and shivering are responses created due to internal temperature fluctuations, and they are designed to bring the body back into ________.

homeostasis

Which choice would you not expect to occur during the excitement phase of the sexual response cycle?

reduction in pulse and blood pressure