Psych 111 Me

Amnesia

loss of memory that occurs as a result of physical or psychological trauma

B-Storage 1-Memory Trace (engram 2-Consolidation

refers to transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory.

The Amygdala

A-Regulate emotions B-Plays a part in how memories are stored C-Memory consolidation D-Encoding memory

Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of Memory

According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, information passes through three distinct stages in order for it to be stored in long-term memory.

B-Implicit Memories (non-declarative) 1-Procedural 2-Emotional Conditioning

Definition/ Things that we don't purposely try to remember are stored in implicit memory. This kind of memory is both unconscious and unintentional. Implicit memory is also sometimes referred to as nondeclarative memory since you are not able to consciously bring it into awareness. Ex/ familiar song, typing on your computer keyboard, daily habits, and driving a car. Riding a bicycle is another great example. Even after going years without riding one, most people are able to hop on a bike and ride it effortlessly.

1-Available

Definition/ all information stored in memory

C-Retrieval 1-Available 2-Accessible

Definition/ concerns searching long-term memory and finding the event that has been stored and retrieved.

1-Memory Trace (engram)

Definition/ the change in the nervous system that represents our experience. Every experience we have alters our brains.

2-Accessible

Definition/ the information we are able to retrieve.

2-Consolidation

Definition/ the neural changes that occur over time to create the memory trace of an experience. The recollection of an event relies not only on the deals, but on the associations involved in its encoding.

A-Explicit Memories (declarative) 1-Episodic 2-Semantic

Definition/"Involves the recall of knowledge and events in which a person deliberately retrieves the answer and recognizes it as a correct one Or/When you are trying to intentionally remember something (like a formula for your statistics class or a list of dates for your history class), this information is stored in your explicit memory. We use these memories every day, from remembering information for a test to recalling the date and time of a doctor's appointment. This type of memory is also known as declarative memory since you can consciously recall and explain the information. Ex/recalling your phone number, identifying who the current president is, writing a research paper, and remembering what time you are meeting a friend to go to a movie.

Memory A: encoding B: Storage c: Retrieval

Definition: is a general term for the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information over time

1-Procedural Memory

Definition: it stores information on how to do thinks Or/Procedural memories start to form very early in life as you begin to learn how to walk, talk, eat, and play. These memories become so ingrained that they are almost automatic. EX: How I ride the bike I do it wihtout think about it because I recode in my momery along time.

2-Semantic memory

Definition: knowledge about words, concepts, and language based knowledge and facts Or/ These are memories of facts, concepts, names, and other general knowledge information. Ex: I remmber about knowlege such famous authers

Emotional Conditioning memory

Definition: links perceptual information to an emotional response My Def: reacting a certain way because of conditioning

A-Encoding

Definition: mconcerns perceiving, recognizing, and further processing an object so that it can be later remembered Ex/ You are walking to class and see a giraffe in the front of the Union. Why are you more likely to remember this event? Distinctiveness: the principle that unusual events are more likely to be recalled and recognized than commonplace (nondistinctive) events. EX/ Where were you when you first learned about 9/11? Do you remember what your were doing at the time?

1-Episodic memory

Definition: memory about happenings in particular places at particular times, the what, where, and when of an event ex: when I graduated or I got marrid big event for me.

Long-term Memory (LTM):

Definition: the more permanent storage of memories and knowledge Long-term memory (LTM) years or even decades Very large

Hippocampus

Ex/ patient his Hippocampus was removed so he suffered from both anterograde and retrograde amnesia or he can remember new things Hippocampus is important in the consolidation of information from STM to LTM

Prefrontal Cortex

It is work with short term memory

Chunking

Recording or reorganizing info in STM.

Sensory Memory

Sensory memory **seconds or fractions of a second **Large Example: Sensory information about sights, sounds, smells, and even textures, which we do not view as valuable information, we discard. If we view something as valuable, the information will move into our short-term memory system. . A type of storage that holds sensory information for a few seconds or less.

Short-term Memory (STM)

Short-term memory (STM) 15-30 seconds 5 - 9

Long-term Memory (LTM): A-Explicit Memories (declarative) B-Implicit Memories (non-declarative)

There are two components of long-term memory: explicit and implicit. Explicit memory includes episodic and semantic memory. Implicit memory includes procedural memory and things learned through conditioning.