Psychology Chapter 7 Study Sheet
Analytical intelligence
___________ includes problem-solving skills such as encoding information and generating a solution.
Practical intelligence
____________ enables people to deal with other people and to meet the demands of their environment.
means-end analysis
a heuristic device in which we try to solve a problem by evaluating the difference between the current situation and the goal
analogy
a partial similarity among things that are different in other ways.
holophrase
a single word used by children to express complex meaning
language
a system of symbols along with rules that are used to manipulate the symbols
Overextension
in language development, over inclusion of instances in a category
Thinking
refers to conscious, planned attempts to make sense of and change the world.
mental age
shows the intellectual level at which a child is functioning
Creativity
the ability to generate novel and useful solutions to problems
overregularization
the application of regular grammatical rules for forming inflections to irregular verbs and nouns
semanticity
the quality of language in which words are used as symbols for objects, events, or ideas
mental set
the tendency to respond to a new problem with an approach that was successfully used with similar problems
neurological prewiring
Children bring ____________ to language learning in the nativist theory of language development.
prototype
Children's ______ become refined after they are shown positive and negative instances and given explanations.
art and music
Creative people appreciate ________________.
insight
In Gestalt psychology, __________ is a sudden perception of relationships among elements of the mentally represented elements of a problem that permits its solution.
convergent
In _______ thinking, thought is limited to present facts to find the best solution.
divergent thinking
In the context of creativity and intelligence, _______ helps generate many possible solutions.
serial processing
In the context of problem solving, ___________ involves handling one element of the problem at a time.
nervous system
In the context of the nativist approach to language development, the LAD prepares the ___________ to learn grammar.
academic achievement
Studies support the view that children's early environment is linked to ________________-.
Wechsler Scale
The ________ groups test questions into a number of separate subsets where each subtest measures a different intellectual task
linguistic-relativity
The __________ hypothesis is the view that language structures the way we view the world.
overconfidence
We work to bring out the events we believe is causing _________.
Heuristics
_____ permits more rapid solutions than algorithms.
Algorithms
_______ invariably led to solutions if they are used properly.
babbling
Babies' _________ frequently combines consonants and vowels in prelinguistic vocalizations.
primary mental abilities
According to Louis Thurstone, _____________ are the eight specific factors that make up intelligence.
Psycholinguistic Theory
According to ___________, environmental influences affect language acquisition.
