PUBLIC HEALTH 2- FINAL

In the article, "A Hunger Crisis in the L.G.B.T. Community," all of the following statements are true statements, EXCEPT A. Most L.G.B.T. people are affluent, educated and high-achieving. B. Nearly half of L.G.B.T. African-Americans did not have enough money to buy food in the past 12 months. C. L.G.B.T. people are likely to encounter more economic challenges than their straight counterparts because of employment discrimination and higher rates of being uninsured. D. Among whites, a greater percentage of L.G.B.T. whites reported not having enough money for food compared with whites who are straight. E. (B) and (D)

(A) Most L.G.B.T. people are affluent, educated and high-achieving.

In the video "Towards Zero: HIV and the Red Cross in Thailand," what was the key mission of the organization? a) Reducing mother-to-child transmission b) 100% condom-use amongst sex workers c) HIV education to gays and lesbians d) None of the above

(A) reducing mother-to-child transmission

What preparations should be made to head off future epidemics that might occur during a mosquito season? A. Educational materials and trainings B. Public service announcements via media outlets C. Create a public hotline to answer the public's questions, concerns and complaints regarding the outbreak. D. All of the above

(D) All of the above.

Diarrheal deaths can be prevented by:

- clean water , changing feeding behavior, oral rehydration salts, low cost treatment for dehydration

The only mandatory testing that WHO and UNAIDS support are:

-screening for HIV and other blood-borne infections of all blood destined for transfusion or for manufacture of blood products; -screening of donors prior to all procedures involving transfer of bodily fluids or body parts, such as artificial insemination, corneal grafts, and organ transplant. -universal access to HTC

Only ___ of women are aware that heart disease is the #1 killer in women in the US. A. 34% B. 45% C. 67% D. 23%

34%

What are the top 3 causes of death in Ghana? A. AIDS, malaria, lower respiratory infections B. stroke, heart disease, cancer C. diarrheal conditions, perinatal conditions, malaria

A. AIDS, Malaria and lower respiratory infections hold the top 3 causes of death in Ghana due to environmental stressors and toxicology dilemmas.

Which of the following are disparities in Brazil's healthcare system? A. High infant mortality B. Expensive health care system drains the economy C. High incidence of rabies cases

A. High infant mortality is one of the main disparities in Brazil's healthcare system.

Fill in the blanks. In India and in ______, health workers faced challenges by _______ efforts to thwart off vaccination. A. Nigeria; religious B. China; political C. Pakistan; government D. Brazil; local E. Uzbekistan; anti-government

A. Nigeria; Religious

Which type of research study was used to prove that Vioxx used had increased myocardial infraction? A. Randomized trials B. Observational studies C. Survey based research

A. Randomized trials

Which of the following is true under the Affordable Care Act? A. Covers pre-existing conditions B. Shortens coverage for dependents to age 18 C. Less vaccinations will be covered to lower costs

A. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) will help those in need of healthcare due to pre-existing conditions. Before ACA, many insurance companies did not provide civilians health care due to pre-existing conditions.

What is the main problem in having Plan B Emergency contraceptive issued as a prescription drug? A. The contraceptive must be used in a short, limited amount of time after sex; and prescriptions can take too long to attain B. If the contraceptive switches to an over the counterdrug, prices dramatically increase C. The pill is known to be addictive and women have high chances of overdosing with Plan B. Therefore, it is unsafe for it to be an over the counter drug D. The FDA has not fully reviewed the contraceptive, and therefore may still be unsafe for all users

A. The contraceptive must be used in a short, limited amount of time after sex; and prescriptions can take too long to attain

Which of the following statements is true regarding Suboxone? - When cut into smaller pieces, Suboxone film no longer has an effect. - Patients can switch from Suboxone to other medication alternatives, as long as they are very similar, without setbacks. - Suboxone is being taken off only Medicare's list of state preferred drugs. - Although suboxone film is an opioid, it does not produce a high as concentrated as normal painkillers.

Although suboxone film is an opioid, it does not produce a high as concentrated as normal painkillers.

National research on young Latinos indicate that Latino Youth are engaged in behaviors and situations that put them at _________ for mental health difficulties.

An increase

According to the World Health Organization, there are about _____ cases of Yellow Fever each year

B. 200,000

What is one of the main concerns of requiring the HPV vaccination for 6th grade girls? A. The HPV vaccination is too costly and no insurance covers this vaccination B. Administering the vaccination could possibly initiate the conversation or idea of sexual activity to young girls, which goes against many parents' beliefs C. The HPV vaccination is only for girls and therefore if one gender cannot receive it, it is suspicious if it is safe for either gender D. The HPV vaccination topic raises no concerns, and all states have adopted the mandate with no excused exemptions available

B. Administering the vaccination could possibly initiate the conversation or idea of sexual activity to young girls, which goes against many parents' beliefs.

In the New York Times article, "Food, a Place to Sleep and Other Basic Patient Needs," which of the following social support services was NOT shown to improve health and cut costs. A. Nutrition assistance for low-income women and children B. Child care services for low-income families C. Home-delivery meals for elderly patients D. Housing for low-income and homeless people E. (B) and (C)

B. Child care services for low-income families. In this article, the author did not mention choice (B) as one of the social support services that had evidence for improving health and cutting costs.

What was the success of the hygienic lab's mumps response dependent on? A. Large funding from the government B. Dedication of laboratory personnel C. Necessary laboratory space D. Exposure to bioterrorism and pressure forced a better response

B. Dedication of laboratory personnel

What role did Woods v. Commonwealth give to ethics committees? A. Ethics committees can serve as the patient B. Ethics committees can direct what the patient wishes C. Ethics committees can serve as the guardian to the patient D. Ethics committees can overrule what the guardian chooses to do for the patient and the guardian may not petition the courts

C. Ethics committees can serve as the guardian to the patient

Which act would help Cheryl win the court case against the company that fired her after she took a leave of absence for her in vitro fertilization treatment? A. American with Disabilities Act B. Rehabilitation Act C. Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 D. Equal Pay Act

C. Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978

What main goals of cardiac rehabilitation services align with the "10 essential public health services"? A. Promoting healthy behavior, enforcing laws, conducting research B. Analyzing the situation, mobilizing community partnership, diagnose and investigate C. Promoting healthy behavior, informing/empowering people, assuring quality and accessibility of services D. Analyzing the situation, informing/empowering people, enforce laws

C. Promoting healthy behavior, informing/empowering people, assuring quality and accessibility of services

Which of the following is a step for investigating a food-borne disease outbreak? A. Defining and finding cases B. Controlling the outbreak C. Generating hypotheses about likely sources D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following was a problem resulting from the DESpill? A. Mothers who took DES while pregnant felt guilty and caused emotional distress. B. Daughters affected by DES and then diagnosed with clear cell adenocarcinoma felt insecure of their bodies after surgeries that removed their vagina and uterus. C. The effect of DES put strains on marriages because of the common effect of infertility and other medical problems. D. All of the above

D. All of the above

What is the main reason coal-fired plants are potentially harmful for our environment and/or population? A. These plants constantly dump the coal waste into lakes and pools. B. These plants are the least cost-efficient way of generating energy. C. These plants consume too many environmental resources. D. These plants have little regulation concerning dumping the coal and have hazardous byproducts.

D. These plants have little regulation concerning dumping the coal and have hazardous byproducts.

Which of the following contribute to maternal mortality in Sri Lanka: A. Malnutrition B. Malaria C. TB D. Heart Disease E. All of the above

E. All of the above & Immune system deficiency

T/F The Heart Truth Campaign failed because it did not reach the national and local groups community.

False

T/F According to the video "What is cardiac rehab?" cardiac rehabilitation is only recommended by medical professionals if the patient undergoes serious medical treatment, such as open heart surgery.

False

T/F Hennepin Health serves high income patients and emerged as a patient as a partnership between local social service.

False

HIV/AIDS are one of the leadings causes of death in the world.

False HIV/AIDS is no longer among the world's top 10 causes of death, having killed 1.1 million people in 2015 compared with 1.5 million in 2000.

T/F: It is relatively easy to study the effects of coal ash on human health.

False.

T/F: Michelle Obama's "Let's Move" campaign had instant success in adults suffering with obesity.

False.

T/F: The Heart Truth Campaign failed because it did not reach the national and local groups community.

False.

True or False: In 1991, the National AIDS Committee led by Thailand's prime minister implemented the "50 percent condom program."

False. "100 percent condom program"

True or False. In the United States, young gay white men are most likely to be infected with H.I.V. and the least likely to be tested for it.

False. In the United States, young gay HISPANIC & BLACK men are most likely to be infected with H.I.V. and the least likely to be tested for it.

Intervention strategies include educating community members on how to: get clean water, wash their hands, maintain hygiene.

False. Intervention strategies are focused on good hygiene and hand-washing, but NOT getting clean water.

True or False. Quarantine and isolation were not used during the SARS outbreak.

False. Quarantine and isolation were used as preventative measures.

True or False. According to the article, "Maryland Switches Opioid Treatments, And Some Patients Cry Foul," doctors unanimously support the change in Maryland's list of preferred drugs to treat opioid addiction from dissolvable film to tablet form.

False. There are doctors who oppose the switch from dissolvable film to tablet form because some doctors have observed their patients struggling to stay clean on the tablet compared to the dissolvable film strips, which have shown to be more effective in mitigating withdrawal symptoms.

True or False. People first got infected with HIV through chimpanzee-human contact.

False. Virus entered humans via hunters exposed to infected blood.

T/F SARS stands for Severe Active Respiratory Syndrome

False; SARS stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

T/F According to the Public Health news article form Week 5, Flashes of light may increase jet lag.

False; decreases jet lag

T/F Biological hacking was a technique used by Dr. Zeitzer that allows cells in the back of the eye to detect sound messages to the stomach thats sets the body clock

False; detect light and send to brain

Trachoma is dangerous because it can cause an unpreventable blindness.

False; it CAN be prevented

Which of the following helps to prevent Neural-tube defects? A. Calcium B. Exercise C. Uncontaminated water D. Folic Acid

Folic Acid

Which of the following was a proposed reason as to why the influenza spread so rapidly? A. Global warming B. Increased globalization C. Contamination of water

Increased globalization

The "Kissing Bug Disease" is a deadly infection that aflicts rural communties in which area of the world?

Latin America

The HIV epidemic grew. Therefore, WHO documents recommended ____________ programs in various countries of need. A. Healthier Eating Choices B. Less Sugar C. Male Circumcision D. Female Genital Mutilation

Male Circumcision

In the 2015 AJPH editorial, "Educating Future Public Health Leaders," Dr. Howard Koh identified the "7 P's of public health." Which of the following stakeholders was NOT mentioned in this group of the 7 P's? A. The Public B. Penurious Budget Officials C. Promoters of the Status Quo D. Providers E. Purchasers

Promoters of the Status Quo.

Which of the following are symptoms of dengue fever?

Sudden, high fever Severe headaches Pain behind the eyes Severe joint and muscle pain Fatigue Nausea Vomiting Skin rash, which appears two to five days after the onset of fever Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy bruising)

Why did Maryland's Department of Corrections advocate to remove Suboxone film, a drug that is intended to help people who are addicted to opioid medications, from the state's preferred drugs list under Medicaid? - The drug is too expensive, and other alternatives are cheaper for the state's expenses. - There is an increase of smuggling Suboxone in jails, and thus the department wants to reduce sales. - Suboxone film was never fully approved by the FDA, and the department intends to keep the public safe. - Medicaid patients are not commonly addicted to opioid medications, and thus have no need for Suboxone.

There is an increase of smuggling Suboxone in jails, and thus the department wants to reduce sales.

Which of the following is one of the main barriers to reducing the incidence of obesity in the US as suggested by the STOP Obesity Alliance? A. There is stigma of obesity, which discourages those with weight problems from seeking medical intervention. B. There is not enough medical interventions available for the middle class population with overweight problems. C. Education on obesity is lacking in the US especially among children, and there is not enough money in government budget to fund education on weight. D. Physicians set too low expectations for their patients in regards to weight loss, therefore, patients are not motivated to lose weight at all because the goal is too simple.

There is stigma of obesity, which discourages those with weight problems from seeking medical intervention.

T/ F HIV testing and counselling (HTC) is a critical and essential gateway to HIV prevention, treatment, care, and support services

True

T/F Doctors must depend on inferences about severity based on what they can see about the illness and on what else they observe about the patient (e.g., race).

True

T/F In the video of "A Locksmith's Tale and Other Health Care Stories," the patient stated that part of the reason he did not seek medical treatment to fix his ankle was because he had no health insurance and because he wanted to stay positive.

True

T/F Patient social and economic circumstances powerfully influence their health and well being but until recent there has been little effort to address these factors

True

T/F Some researchers suggest that there may be subtle differences in the way that members of different racial and ethnic groups respond to treatment, particularly with regard to some pharmaceutical interventions, suggesting that variations in some forms of treatment may be justified on the basis of patient race or ethnicity.

True

T/F Survey research suggests that among white Americans, prejudicial attitudes toward minorities remain more common than not, as over half to three- quarters believe that relative to whites, minorities - particularly African Americans - are less intelligent, more prone to violence, and prefer to live off of welfare.

True

T/F Insulin is a necessary hormone to help patients with diabetes.

True

T/F Melatonin works as a hormone imitation process to help with jet lag activity

True

Water fluoridation is effective only if the water supply system is regulated and the majority of inhabitants have access to water system.

True

T/F: In asthma patients, the air tubes are inflamed.

True.

T/F: Trust, history, and cultural relations are important factors to consider when addressing the public health needs of minorities.

True.

T/F:Consuming contaminated water contributes to diarrhea problems in children.

True.

True or False. A point source outbreak is when the source of the outbreak can be controlled or quarantined.

True.

True or False. Measles is one of the most contagious infections known to humans. Despite the existence of a safe and effective vaccine, measles is still an issue in countries around the world.

True.

True or False. Medication adherence is more difficult for older people because it can be more difficult for older people to remember to take their medication.

True.

True or False. Midwives help transport women to the hospital from rural areas during times of complications.

True.

True or False. Vioxx was recalled by the FDA because of its risky, potential health effects on the heart.

True.

True or False. When SARS cases decreased, the Toronto community forgot about SARS and SARS prevention and treatment.

True.

True or False? Japan ranks higher in life expectancy and its health care system than the US.

True. Japan holds a higher rank in life expectancy due to healthier lifestyle choices and overall upkeep with body nutrition, stress, and exercise

What main goals of cardiac rehabilitation services align with the "10 essential public health services"? A. Promoting healthy behavior, enforcing laws, conducting research B. Analyzing the situation, mobilizing community partnership, diagnose and investigate C. Promoting healthy behavior, informing/empowering people, assuring quality and accessibility of services D. Analyzing the situation, informing/empowering people, enforce laws

c

What was the success of the hygienic lab's mumps response dependent on?

dedication of the laboratorians

According to the Hawaii PH news article which disease has hit Hawaii very recently?

dengue fever "breakbone fever"

According to the article, "Maryland Switches Opioid Treatments, And Some Patients Cry Foul," doctors unanimously support the change in Maryland's list of preferred drugs to treat opioid addiction from dissolvable film to tablet form.

false

Chinese citizens have a predicament of overconsumption of iodized salt.

false

The government of chile unsuccessfully implemented the cost saving fortification of wheat flour with folic acid to prevent neural tube defects.

false

What does the accountable health communities program award to 44 organizations around the country to build partnerships among state Medicaid agencies?

grants : 1-4 million $$

What role did Woods v. Commonwealth give to ethics committees?

they could act as guardians

Which two major causes of death are continually growing worldwide?

tobacco and AIDS

AIDS hit hardest in southern and eastern Africa and has affected a total of 34 million people.

true

Close communication with public health provides a broader perspective and information as to what is happening in the community.

true

In the video with the U.S. Surgeon General, he shares that the sudden discussion of mentally ill people after mass shootings happen creates a false illusion that mentally ill people are extremely violent.

true

In the video with the U.S. Surgeon General, he stated that while some medications have derived from marijuana compounds, there is not enough science to support that smoking marijuana can improve health.

true

River Blindness is caused by a worm that enters through the infection of a blackfly.

true

T/F ACA stands for Affordable Care Act.

true

T/F Dengue does not have any clear vaccinations created for human use just animal use. .

true

T/F Despite its many problems, Brazil's revamped public health system has brought quality health care to millions of poorer inhabitants who were previously denied even basic care.

true

T/F Ghana overlaps with those in developed countries, but infection, trauma, and women's health problems are much more prominent. Medical practice in rural Africa faces extremely limited resources, a multiplicity of languages, and presentation of severe illnesses at later stages than seen elsewhere.

true

T/F Health care reform was started with Roosevelt when the idea of universal health care was campaigned.

true

T/F Rhode Island justify the individuals with offense in how smoke shops sell untaxed cigarettes which is justified in the law.

true

T/F Funding for the NHS comes directly from taxation. Since the NHS transformation in 2013, the NHS payment system has become underpinned by legislation.

true

T/F Japan has an example of the best regulated medical care.

true

T/F The NHS was launched in 1948.It was born out of a long-held ideal that good healthcare should be available to all, regardless of wealth - one of the NHS core principles.

true