Quiz 1 Modue 1&2

A therapist , whose approach to psychotherapy is based on Sigmund Freud's theory , explains that a patient's problematic behavior is based on _______________.

unconscious motives , fears , and anxieties. Freud proposed was that unconscious motives and desires , fears and anxieties drive our actions . He was the first person to suggest purely psychological explanations for physical problems and mental illness .

When describing how difficult it is for her patients to quit smoking , a specialist in substance abuse medicine states , " Smoking is associated with so many things , like waking up in the morning , after a meal , on breaks at work , when getting home at work . When my patients try to quit , everything that was associated with smoking makes them crave a cigarette . " The specialist is describing____

Classical Conditioning.

As an elementary school student , Hayden's life revolves around learning and testing new academic skills , refining motor skills , and developing social relationships with friends and students outside of the family . Hayden is in the _________ period of human development .

Middle childhood. Middle childhood includes ages 6-11 and much of what children experience at this age is connected to their involvement in the early grades of school , refinement of their motor skills , and development of social relationships with peers .

Millennials , those born between 1982 and 2000 , are considered tech - savvy because they grew up with technology and rely on it for daily activities . Millennials are defined by characteristics that were formed while growing up with advancements in technology as part of their world and culture . Which of Baltes ' contextual influences does

Normative history - graded influences

Infants younger than 5 months old do not search for objects once they have been removed from their sight . According to Piaget's stages of cognitive development , these infants have not yet developed __________.

Object permanence. Object permanence is the understanding that even if something is out of sight , it still exists . Infants younger than 5 months old have not developed object permanence . It develops between 5 and 8 months old .

In a study of empathy across young adulthood to older adulthood , researchers found a negative correlation ( r = - . 75 ) between empathy and age . How is this finding interpreted?

Older adults tended to have lower empathy scores than younger adults. This describes a negative correlation , which occurs when the two variables move in opposite directions . In this case , as age increases , empathy scores decrease .

Human service agencies that provide food , water , clothing , and shelter to people in need are focused on helping others meet which of Maslow's hierarchy of needs ?

Physiological

Researchers build upon eachother's work by following up on suggested directions for future research and addressing limitations of previous studies . For example , a researcher might extend a study that was originally conducted with an urban sample to include people living in suburban and rural areas . Which value of the scientific method does this demonstrate ?

The scientific method facilitates the establishment of a literature or knowledge base .

A researcher studies how children make sense of new information either by making it fit into known information ( e.g. , calling all round objects " ball " ) or by modifying their thinking ( e.g. learning new words for various round objects ) . This researcher's work is grounded in Piaget's

Theory of Cognitive Development. The underlying dynamic in our cognition , according to Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development , is that we continue to try and " make sense of new situations by determining whether they fit into our old way of thinking or whether we need to modify our thoughts .

In order to minimize attrition in studies with infants and children , researchers are advised to

design the study to be as short as possible