Quiz- Chapter 5

2. Which of the following is a view of cognitive psychologists? a. Learning is a temporary change in behavior. b. People choose whether or not to imitate aggressive behaviors they observe. c. Behavior is fully determined by the process of learning. d. People are most likely to imitate behaviors that are inconsistent with their values.

B. People choose whether or not to imitate aggressive behaviors they observe.

3. With a ________, an organism's response rate falls off after each reinforcement and then picks up again as the time when reinforcement will occur approaches. a. variable-interval schedule b. variable-ratio schedule c. fixed-interval schedule d. fixed-ratio schedule

C. Fixed-interval schedule

1. Identify a true statement about taste aversions. a. They are a form of systematic desensitization. b. They require conditioned and unconditioned stimuli to occur close together in time. c. They are nonadaptive in nature. d. They motivate organisms to avoid harmful foods.

D. They motivate organisms to avoid harmful foods.

4. Every morning, Jaclyn's parents watch for the school bus to arrive. They repeatedly are looking out the window to see if the bus has arrived. This schedule is a __________. a. fixed-ratio schedule b. variable-ratio schedule c. fixed-interval schedule d. variable-interval schedule

D. Variable-interval schedule

6. Which of the following statements is true of classical conditioning? a. It is involuntary, automatic learning. b. It involves attaching consequences to behavior. c. It focuses on what organisms do about their environments. d. It is a complex form of learning that uses reinforcement.

A. It is involuntary, automatic learning.

7. __________ is a behavior therapy method in which fear-evoking stimuli are presented continuously in the absence of actual harm so that fear responses are extinguished. a. Generalization b. Flooding c. Discrimination d. Sensitizing

B. Flooding

5. According to your text, children watching violence in the media are potentially impacted by all of the following EXCEPT: a. Habituation to violence may occur. b. Reduced probability of aggressive behavior. c. Observational learning might promote such behaviors. d. Increased emotional arousal.

B. Reduced probability of aggressive behavior.

8. ________ refers to an unlearned response in which an organism attends to a stimulus. a. A conditioned reflex b. Counterconditioning c. Countertransference d. An orienting reflex

D. An orienting reflex

9. Justin is teaching young children to play soccer. Each time they make a good move, he praises them.. In this scenario, Justin is training the children by _________. a. flooding b. counterconditioning c. systematic desensitization d. shaping

D. Shaping

10. True or False: Telling your young child on Monday that their good behavior will be rewarded on Saturday is more effective than giving them an immediate reinforcer.

False