QUIZZES CH 1 AND 2

Ionic bond

A bond in which electrons are completely lost or gained by the atoms involved.

Nonpolar covalent bond

A bond in which electrons are shared equally.

Polar covalent bond

A bond in which electrons are shared unequally.

False

A histologist would be considered a gross anatomist Select one: True False

D. defense against infection and disease

A major function of the lymphatic system includes: Select one: A. processing of food B. production of sex hormones C. support and protection D. defense against infection and disease

B. contains thymine nucleotides

Deoxyribonucleic acid differs from ribonucleicacid because DNA has Select one: A. contains uracil nucleotides B. contains thymine nucleotides C. a pentose sugar D. is a beta sheet

A. atoms.

The smallest stable units of matter are Select one: A. atoms. B. electrons. C. protons. D. neutrons. E. molecules.

D. the backbone of RNA contains ribose.

The structure of RNA differs from DNA in that Select one: A. DNA contains purines but not pyrimidines. B. RNA contains purines but not pyrimidines. C. DNA contains pyrimidines but not purines. D. the backbone of RNA contains ribose. E. RNA contains pyrimidines but not purines.

C. protein

What is a chain of more than 50 amino acids called? Select one: A. triglyceride B. nucleic acid C. protein D. polysaccharide

C. olive oil

With a family history of cardiovascular disease, which toast spread would be considered the most "heart healthy?" Select one: A. margarine containing trans fats B. butter containing butterfat C. olive oil D. lard (pig fat)

C. anterior side of the elbow

You are asked to draw blood from the median cubital vein. You will search for this vein in the ________. Select one: A. lateral side of the foot B. proximal arm C. anterior side of the elbow D. hand

C. on the posterior side of the knee

You are asked to take a person's heart rate at the popliteal pulse point. You will look for this pulse ________. Select one: A. at the posterior side of the wrist B. in the distal end of the lower leg C. on the posterior side of the knee D. on the palmar side of the hand

D. in the armpit

You are told to take an axillary temperature on a small child. You will place the thermometer ________. Select one: A. on the forehead B. in the rectum C. under the tongue D. in the armpit

B. suspension

You notice that you cannot read your book through a test tube of patient fluid held against the print, making it so blurred as to be unreadable. There is no precipitant in the bottom of the beaker, though it has been sitting for several days in a rack. What type of liquid is this? Select one: A. mixture B. suspension C. colloid D. solution

sagittal

______ section divides the body into right and left sections exactly at the midline

Cell membranes

where in the body do you find phospholipids?

A. H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and lower pH

A patient is hyperventilating. The "blowing off" of excessive carbon dioxide causes a decrease in blood H+ concentration. How can the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system function to correct this imbalance? CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3- Select one: A. H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and lower pH B. HCO3- binds with H+ to form H2CO3 and raise pH C. H2CO3 dissociates to form more H+ and raise pH D. HCO3- binds with H+ to form H2CO3 and lower pH

E. sex hormones and plasma membranes.

A shortage of steroids in the body would result in a shortage of Select one: A. glycogen. B. sex hormones. C. proteins. D. plasma membranes. E. sex hormones and plasma membranes.

Hydrogen bond

A type of bond important in tying different parts of the same molecule together into a three-dimensional structure.

D. synthesis.

AB → A + B is to decomposition as A + B → AB is to Select one: A. exchange. B. metabolism. C. combustion. D. synthesis. E. replacement.

endocrine

Adrenal glands, pancreas, pituitary

B. 14 neutrons

An atom with an atomic number of 10 and a mass number of 24 would have ________. Select one: A. 24 protons B. 14 neutrons C. 10 neutrons D. 14 electrons

C. it allows a common point of reference for body position to help communicate anatomical relationships

Anatomical position is important because ________. Select one: A. it is the position most comfortable to hospital patients B. it allows diagrams within textbooks to display a greater surface area of the body with one simple diagram C. it allows a common point of reference for body position to help communicate anatomical relationships D. it provides the greatest circulation to the extremities

cardiovascular

Arteries, veins, heart

C. glycogen

Carbohydrates are stored in the liver and skeletal muscles in the form of ________. Select one: A. glucose B. triglycerides C. glycogen D. cholesterol

A. a bicarbonate ion

Choose the answer that best describes HCO3-. Select one: A. a bicarbonate ion B. a proton donor C. common in the liver D. a weak acid

endocrine

Controls the body with chemical molecules called hormones

sometimes proteins, Always proteins

Enzymes are Select one: A. Always proteins B. sometimes proteins C. are electorlytes D. are vitamins

D. monosaccharides

Glucose and fructose are examples of Select one: A. lipids B. a, b, and c are all correct C. isotopes D. monosaccharides

True

Glycogen break down to form glucose is a form of hydrolysis Select one: True False

one

How many phosphates would AMP have attached to it? Select one: A. one B. two C. three D. none

E. It is the loss of protein structure.

Identify the correct statement regarding the process of denaturation. Select one: A. It results in decreased substrate availability. B. It is unaffected by changes in pH. C. It is affected by low temperatures. D. It is an increase in enzyme activity. E. It is the loss of protein structure.

D. cation; anion

In an ionic bond, the electron donor is the ________, whereas the electron acceptor is the ________. Select one: A. salt; ion B. base; acid C. anion; cation D. cation; anion E. acid; base

lose water molecules.

In dehydration synthesis reactions, compounds Select one: A. gain water molecules. B. gain electrons. C. convert hydrogen and oxygen to water. D. convert water molecules to hydrogen and oxygen. E. lose water molecules.

D. unsaturated fatty acids

In general, the lipids that we refer to as oils have ________. Select one: A. long fatty acid chains B. saturated fatty acids C. a high water content D. unsaturated fatty acids

The 2 indicates that there are two hydrogen atoms in the compound and the 3 indicates that there are three oxygen atoms in the compound.

In the compound H2CO3, what do the numbers 2 and 3 represent?

True

Kevin is competing in a triatholon and is running the 13 mile portin of the race, he is dmeonstrating kinetic energy Select one: True False

urinary

Kidneys, bladder, ureters.

C. water, electrolytes, oxygen, carbon dioxide

OF the following selections, the one that contains ONLY inorganic compounds is: Select one: A. water, electrolytes, salts, nucleic acids B. oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, sugars C. water, electrolytes, oxygen, carbon dioxide D. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins

B. The contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels (vasoconstriction) can reduce the flow of blood through the vessel.

One of the descriptions below is from the perspective of physiological study, the rest are from an anatomical perspective. Select the description below that comes from physiological perspective. Select one: A. The pancreas lies deep to the stomach within the abdominal cavity. B. The contraction of smooth muscle in blood vessels (vasoconstriction) can reduce the flow of blood through the vessel. C. The skull is formed by 22 facial and cranial bones. D. The chambers of the heart and blood vessels leading to and from the heart are separated by valves composed of fibrous connective tissue.

D. two back-to-back phospholipid layers with the polar heads facing out on both sides

Phospholipids make up most of the lipid part of the cell membrane. Since water exists on both the outside and inside of a cell, which of the following phospholipid arrangements makes the most sense? Select one: A. a single layer of phospholipids with the polar heads facing outside the cell B. two back-to-back phospholipid layers with the non-polar tails facing out on both sides C. a single layer of phospholipids with the polar heads facing inside the cell D. two back-to-back phospholipid layers with the polar heads facing out on both sides

D. maintaining boundaries

Prevention of water loss is a necessary function for life that would best fit in the category of ________. Select one: A. excretion B. metabolism C. responsiveness D. maintaining boundaries

integumentary

Prevents water loss, entry of germs into the body and synthesizes vitamin D.

immune

Produces antibodies that attach to foreign substances

skeletal

Provides a ridged framework to support the body and stores minerals.

muscular

Provides the force to move bones about their joints

A. can be used to date decomposing matter in the case of carbon 14

Radio isotopes are useful because they Select one: A. can be used to date decomposing matter in the case of carbon 14 B. are never useful and cause serious harm to human C. can be combined with PET scans to perform better visualization of body structures D. cant assist in identifiation of radon in the home

nervous

Responds to environmental changes by transmitting electrical impulses

B. ionic compounds

Salts are always ________. Select one: A. single covalent compounds B. ionic compounds C. double covalent compounds D. hydrogen bonded

glucose to CO2 and H2O

Select which reactions will usually be irreversible regarding chemical equilibrium in human bodies. Select one: A. H2O + CO2 to make H2CO3 B. glucose to CO2 and H2O C. ADP + Pi to make ATP D. glucose molecules joined to make glycogen

C. receptor

Some of the nerve endings in the skin are sensitive to changes in temperature. They are part of a negative feedback mechanism regulating body temperature. These nerve endings represent a(n) ________ in the negative feedback mechanism. Select one: A. homeostatic balance or "ideal" value B. effector C. receptor D. control center

B. glycogen

Starch is the stored carbohydrate in plants, while ________ is the stored carbohydrate in animals. Select one: A. cellulose B. glycogen C. glucose D. triglyceride

False

Synthesis reactions can be considered a form of catabolism Select one: True False

C. visceral pericardium

The MOST SPECIFIC serous membrane immediately surounding the heart is: Select one: A. viscera B. parietal pericardium C. visceral pericardium D. parietal pluera

superior

The acromial region is _______ to the digits

C. a polar covalent bond

The bond formed in a water molecule is: Select one: A. an ionic bond B. a hydrogen bond C. a polar covalent bond D. a nonpolar covalent bond

C. 4 molecules, each containing a carbon atom and 4 hydrogen atoms

The formula for methane gas is CH4. What does the formula 4CH4 represent? Select one: A. an inorganic compound with ionic bonds B. a molecule with 4 carbon atoms C. 4 molecules, each containing a carbon atom and 4 hydrogen atoms D. 4 molecules, each containing a carbon and a hydrogen atom E. a molecule with 4 carbon atoms and 16 hydrogen atoms

B. sequence of the nucleotides

The genetic information is coded in DNA by the ________. Select one: A. regular alteration of sugar and phosphate molecules B. sequence of the nucleotides C. three-dimensional structure of the double helix D. arrangement of the histones

superior

The mammary region is ______ to the umbilical

B. growth

The process by which an organism increases the size and/or number of cells is called: Select one: A. reproduction B. growth C. adapatation D. metabolism

B. crural region

The proper anatomical term for the anterior leg is the : Select one: A. pelvic region B. crural region C. pedal region D. axillary region

A. endergonic

The reaction A + B + energy → AB is an example of a(n) ________ reaction. Select one: A. endergonic B. decomposition C. equilibrium D. exergonic E. exchange

B. Study of a healthy body is less intimidating and more familiar new students.

The study of anatomy and physiology assumes and describes a healthy body. Select the description below that does NOT explain why this approach is useful. Select one: A. Study of a healthy body provides a foundation for a more complete understanding of all human bodies. B. Study of a healthy body is less intimidating and more familiar new students. C. A healthy body provides a common standard to compare to. D. A healthy body establishes what "normal" is.

D. inferior

The term used when referring to a body structure that is below, or at a lower than, another structure is: Select one: A. distal B. medial C. ventral D. inferior

C. positive feedback

When a baby suckles at its mother's breast the stimulus at the breast is sent to the mother's brain (a region called the hypothalamus). The brain responds by releasing hormones to stimulate the production and the ejection of milk from the breast. This helps the newborn to receive nourishment and encourages more suckling. This example is best described as a ________. Select one: A. necessary life function B. negative feedback C. positive feedback D. loss of homeostasis

C. Na2HPO4 adsorbs excess H+ and OH- directly onto the surface of its crystalline structure.

When a small amount of HCl or NaOH is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution barely changes. Based on these observations, all of the following are true concerning the compound Na2HPO4, except Select one: A. Na2HPO4 is able to donate hydrogen ions to the OH- from NaOH. B. Na2HPO4 is able to accept extra hydrogen ions from the HCl. C. Na2HPO4 adsorbs excess H+ and OH- directly onto the surface of its crystalline structure. D. Na2HPO4 is a salt formed from reacting a strong base with a weak acid. E. Na2HPO4 acts as a buffer.

C. pigment structure

Which of the following does NOT describe uses for the ATP molecule? Select one: A. mechanical work B. chemical work C. pigment structure D. transport across membranes

D. Na

Which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nerve impulses? Select one: A. Fe B. I C. P D. Na

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

Which of the following is a neutralization reaction? Select one: A. NaOH → Na+ + OH- B. NH3 + H+ → NH4+2 C. HCl → H+ + Cl- D. HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H2O

blood

Which of the following is an example of a suspension? Select one: A. salt water B. blood C. rubbing alcohol D. cytosol

B. eicosanoid; triglyceride

Which of the following is incorrectly matched? Select one: A. amino acid; protein B. eicosanoid; triglyceride C. monosaccharide; carbohydrate D. nucleotide; nucleic acid

C. Cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristic necessary to be considered alive.

Which of the following is the best explanation for why cells are considered the smallest units of living things. Select one: A. Cells cannot be seen with the naked eye and are considered microscopic. B. Cells are highly ordered and complex. C. Cells are the simplest structure to fit all of the characteristic necessary to be considered alive. D. Cells have the ability to reproduce identical copies of themselves in a process called mitosis.

Larger particles move faster than smaller ones and thus collide more frequently and more forcefully.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? Select one: A. Larger particles move faster than smaller ones and thus collide more frequently and more forcefully. B. Chemical reactions progress at a faster rate when the reacting particles are present in higher numbers. C. Chemical reactions proceed more quickly at higher temperatures. D. Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions, sometimes while undergoing reversible changes in shape.

D. When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the hydroxyl ion concentration also decreases.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? Select one: A. The more hydrogen ions in a solution, the more acidic the solution. B. When acids and bases are mixed, they react with each other to form water and a salt. C. The pH of blood is slightly basic. D. When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the hydroxyl ion concentration also decreases.

D. stomach secretions, pH = 1

Which of the following substances would be most acidic? Select one: A. tomato juice, pH = 4 B. white wine, pH = 3 C. lemon juice, pH = 2 D. stomach secretions, pH = 1 E. urine, pH = 6

lipids

is an organic compound whose buildling blocks are triglycerides

homeostasis

is the dynamic equilibrium of your internal environment.

1. They have an active site. 2. They increase the speed of a reaction. 3. After enzyme action, the enzyme return to their original form. 4. They are biological catalysts.

name four things you know about enzymes

D. 16

oxygen has 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons. What is the molecular weight of Oxygen? Select one: A. 32 B. 8 C. 24 D. 16