Reconstruction (1865-1877)

Enacted by Congress during the Civil War, the Emancipation Proclamation only freed slaves in states that joined the Confederacy. This gave rise to the need to _____

Add a 13th Amendment to the Constitution freeing all slaves.

Voting rights had been granted to males of all races _____

By the end of the Reconstruction era.

The removal of federal troops from the South as a consequence of the Compromise of 1877 _____

Marked the end of the Reconstruction period.

Following the Civil War when former Confederates leaders were once again allowed to serve in Congress the Radical Republicans _____

would not officially seat them or even acknowledge them as members of Congress.

Marianne immigrated to the United States from Europe in search of better opportunities for herself and her future family. While in the process of applying for US citizenship, Marianne gives birth to a child. Why was the 14th Amendment important to Marianne?

Because it gave her child citizenship.

Which description best fits the life of the typical homesteader in the years following the Civil War?

It was a difficult life of isolation and danger from severe weather, limited water resources, and hostility of Native Americans who resented the settlers' encroachment on their lands.

After 1860 the Federal government granted tracts of land to railroad companies as incentive to expand the railway system westward. Why?

To facilitate the settlement of the Western Territories.

How did Andrew Johnson counter the Congress's attempts during the Reconstruction period to increase the power of the federal government at the expense of the states?

He regularly and vigorously opposed these efforts, often vetoing their legislation.

During the Reconstruction era this North Carolina Republican, who was also a free-born African American pastor, became the first black man to serve in the U.S. Senate. What was his name?

Hiram Revels

This poorly educated Georgia freedman from a family of sharecroppers became a successful businessman who bought real estate, started an insurance company, and became a millionaire. What was his name?

Alonzo Herndon

The attempts to reform Southern society following the Civil War were generally met with _____

Anger over what were seen as the North's unnecessary attempts to re-engineer Southern society.

Certain white Southerners opposed Reconstruction and actively worked to restore the old ways. They sought to take back the political system and reassert their influence within Southern society. These men called themselves _____

Redeemers

Which of these Reconstruction scenarios was opposed by the Radical Republicans?

The former Confederate states and their political leaders should be permitted to return to the USA with minimal consequences.

The carpetbaggers went South during Reconstruction because _____

Some were drawn there to help people rebuild their lives, while others had designs on political power for personal gain.

The political campaigns of 1876 boiled down to which of the following positions or assertions held by the opposing parties?

The Democrats advocated ending Reconstruction, while the Republicans claimed the Democrats were essentially still rebels and shouldn't be trusted.

During Reconstruction President Johnson allowed former Confederate officials and soldiers to participate in state and local government by requiring them to _____

pledge allegiance to the United States.

Following the Civil War it was Lincoln's intention to _____

Bring the Southern states back into the Union in a fair way that would soften the political, physical, economic, and social blows.

There were numerous questions that faced the nation following the Civil War. An important concern had to do with _____

How to keep society together and prevent another civil war.

In which Supreme Court ruling of 1873 was it determined that the 14th Amendment applied only to the federal level?

The Slaughterhouse Cases

With the end of the Civil War came the end of slavery in the South. What was one of the new problems it created?

The post-war society had to contend with large numbers of freedmen who were unprepared to function independently in a free society.

The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Land was _____

The principal federal institution whose role it was to manage and direct the Reconstruction of the Southern states.

Sharecropping provided a solution to the farming crisis after the Civil War, but in doing so it created a significant problem for many years to come. What was this problem?

It kept the freed slaves and the poorest of the white farmers tied to unscrupulous landowners who did not have the sharecroppers' best interests at heart.

Reconstruction of the South occurred during _____.

1865-1877

What is a carpetbagger?

A Northerner who went to the South during Reconstruction

Why was the presidential race of 1876 not decided on election night?

Democrat Tilden won the popular vote but failed to win a majority in the Electoral College.

Why was there conflict between white settlers and Native American people in the West?

Because the white settlers invaded Native American land and took valuable resources

The term Reconstruction describes _____

The program enacted by the Federal Government to rebuild the South and restore it to the Union following the Civil War.

The Dred Scott Decision _____

Was a major court case overturned by the 14th Amendment.

During the Reconstruction years many Northerners _____

Wanted to make the South pay for the destruction caused during the war.

White Democrats managed to dominate the political scene in every Southern state by the close of the Reconstruction era in 1877. What were they also known as?

The Redeemers