Review Questions Chapter 1-2

A data ________ develops when all of the required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

Anomaly

The design of a ________ database recognizes the use of historical and aggregated data.

Data warehouse

A ________ system is composed of software, hardware, data, procedures and people.

Database

The term ________ refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.

Database System

________ are the people who use application programs to run the organization's daily operations.

End User

A record consists of a ________.

Set of one or more fields

________ independence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file structure without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

Structural

Data processing (DP) specialists are in existence because of ________.

The need to track data and produce required reports

A raw fact such as a telephone number is known as ________.

data

Because all data access programs are subject to change when any of the file's data storage characteristics change (that is, changing the data type), the file system is said to exhibit ________.

data dependence

Where was a traditional file system normally stored?

file cabinet

Which of the following would result in a data anomaly?

inconsistent redundant data

Data ________ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

independence

Human beings view data according to its ________ data format.

logical

A(n) ________ allows the user to specify what must be done without specifying how it must be done.

nonprocedural language

All fields for a specific entity can be grouped together as a ________.

record

Data ________ exists when the same data are stored unnecessarily at different place

redundancy

Database management systems, operating systems, applications and utilities are all examples of ________.

software

Which of the following products do not provide an enterprise database?

MS Access

Data ________ is defined as "the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions."

Integrity