Science 6 Chapter 14 Atoms and parts; acid and bases.

What are the 3 characteristics of bases?

1. Slippery feel 2. Low concentration of hydrogen ions 3. Bitter taste

EC: When you have a stomach ache, it is sometimes caused because the stomach is producing too much stomach acid. Stomach Acid has a PH of 1. Antacids (tums of rolaids) are bases that people take to ease the pain caused by stomach acid. Describe how the PH in an antacid works?

1. The antacid neutralizes the stomach acid. 2. The antacid helps bring the PH of the stomach closer to PH 7 which is neutral.

What are 3 examples of household bases?

1. soap 2. baking soda 3. scouring powder

All matter can be divided into how many major groups?

2, 1. pure substances, 2. mixtures

EC: How many protons are in an atom of nickel?

28

At what number is PH neutral?

7

What is lemon juice considered with its sour taste and PH of 2?

Acid

What is the smallest unit of an element, also known as the building block of matter?

Atom

How are the elements in today's periodic table arranged?

Atomic number

What is the chemical symbol for gold?

Au

What is an example of a mixture?

Chicken noodle soup

What is a safe way to find out if a substance is an acid?

Dip litmus paper into it and look for a color change. (Example: testing pool or an aquarium)

What are the negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus of an atom?

Electrons

What is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances?

Element

What could you do if you needed to quickly dissolve a lot of salt in a container of water?

Heat and stir the water as the salt is added.

What do we call an atom that has more electrons than protons and is negatively charged?

Ion

What is the particle inside the nucleus of an atom that has no charge?

Neutron

What are the 3 particles that make up atoms?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

The chemical formula for common table salt is NaCl. What are the names of the elements that form this compound?

Sodium and chlorine

What has formed when sugar (substance) dissolves and spreads evenly throughout a glass of water?

Solution

EC: What is an element that has properties in common with oxygen?

Sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium