Science Ch.10 DNA

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DNA stands for

deoxyribonacleic acid

guanine

double ring, purine, bonds with cytosine

adenine

double ring, purine, bonds with thymine

DNA nitrogen bases bond together with ___.

hydrogen bonds

DNA is a large molecule made up of smaller units called

nucleic

What are the 3 parts of the nucleotide?

phosphate, nitrogen base, deoxyribose

RNA stands for

ribonucleic acid

cytosine

single ring, pyrimidine, bonds with guanine

THe outer portion of the DNA molecole is called the ___.

sugar-posphate molecules

RNA contains ____.

uracil

Where does translation occur?

cytoplasm on ribosomes

mRNA

large family of RNA molecules that contain genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

What is transcription?

mRNA created by transcribing DNA codes; it's complete once mRNA strand completed; once delivering message to the rest of the cell, mRNA leaves the nucleus and exits via the nucleus pores

What is translation?

mRNA manufactured during transcription translated into amino acid sequence

What is RNA polymerase and what does it do?

member of family that are essential to life

DNA can be found in the

nucleus

Where does transcription occur?

nucleus

Ribose has ___(how many) oxygen atom compared to deoxyribose.

one more

Chargaff's rule states that DNA from any cell should have a 1:1 ratio of ___ and ____ bases (As per the base pairing rule).

pyrimidine and purine

Describe DNA polymerase

reads the part molecules in 3 --> S direction

The sugar found in RNA is called ---.

ribose

DNA replication is _____ because each "new" DNA molecule consists of one parental strand and one new strand.

semi-conservative

thymine

single ring, pyrimidine, bonds with adenine

RNA is able to leave the nucleus because it is ---.

single-stranded and smaller than DNA

RNA does not contain the nitrogen base ---.

thymine

What is the function of DNA?

to form proteins in RNA; to exchange genetic material and parental chromosomes during meiotic cell division

Is DNA to mRNA called transcription or translation?

transcription

Is mRNA to protein called transcription or translation?

translation

Describe DNA helicase

breaks hydrogen bonds and unzips original parents DNA molecules

A ___ is a section of DNA or RNA that consists of 3 nucleotides that form a code.

codeon

If a DNA molecule contains 30% adenine, how much cytosine does it contain?

20% cytosine

How many bonds does cytosine-guanine have?

3 bonds

How many bonds does adenine-thymine have?

5 bonds

rRNA

RNA component of ribosome for all living organisms

tRNA

adaptor molecules composed to RNA that serves as physical link between mRNA and amino acid

Uracil is complementary to ---.

adenine

4 nitrogen bases found in DNA:

adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine

Proteins are made up of smaller units called ---.

amino acids


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