Science semester 2 multiple choice

Which of the following is a device designed to open an overloaded circuit and prevent overheating? A) circuit breaker B) magnet C) resistor D) transformer

A

If an atom has 16 protons it will also always have _____. A) 18 electrons B) 16 electrons C) 18 energy levels D) 16 electron clouds

B

The concentration of solution that contains a large amount of solute in the solvent could be described as _____. A) diluted B) concentrated C) polar D) unsaturated

B

The forces that hold different atoms or ions together are? A) electric currents B) chemical bonds C) physical bonds D) nuclear forces

B

The periodic table was arranged according to atomic number by _____. A) Rutherford B) Mendeleev C) Dalton D) Thomson

B

Using a flashlight to notice tiny particles moving around in fluid is known as the _____ Effect. A) Tindall B) Tyndall C) Tabor D) Haber-Bosch

B

When atoms are added, the resistance of a _____ can change and it will then be considered a conductor. A) superconductor B) semiconductor C) partial conductor D) occasional conductor

B

When gasoline is burned in an engine, _____. A) gasoline evaporates B) new substances are formed C) mass is lost D) mass is gained

B

Which is the state change that occurs when a solid becomes a gas without becoming a liquid first? A) vaporization B) sublimation C) deposition D) freezing

B

Which of the following does not increase the rate of dissolving? A) stirring B) insulated container C) temperature D) surface area

B

Which of the following is an example of a gas dissolved in a liquid mixture? A) the air we breathe B) a carbonated drink C) a helium balloon D) ice cubes

B

Which of the following will speed up the rate of reaction? A) cool the solution B) grind the solid C) freeze the solution D) grind the liquid

B

A path that allows only one route for an electric current? A) parallel circuit B) parallel current C) series circuit D) series current

C

A/An _____ is described as the flow of charged particles. A) electric field B) electric potential difference C) electric current D) gravitational force

C

According to _____, the volume of a gas increase with increasing temperature, as long as pressure does not change. A) Bernoulli's principle B) Boyle's law C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

C

Any characteristic of a material that you can observe that changes the composition of the substances in a(n) _____. A) physical property B) atomic property C) chemical property D) none of these

C

Current that does NOT reverse direction is called _____. A) alternating current B) circuit current C) direct current D) magnetic current

C

Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical reaction is a? A) catalyst B) compound C) product D) reactant

C

Elements that are gases, are brittle, and are poor conductors at room temperature are _____. A) metals B) metalloids C) nonmetals D) isotopes

C

Group 17 elements including F, Cl, I and At are called _____. A) florescent B) alkali C) halogens D) transition gases

C

Most matter _____ when heated. A) condenses B) contracts C) expands D) solidifies

C

On the solubility graph, a saturated solution can be found _____ the line. A) above B) below C) right on D) next to

C

Substances that prevent, or slow down, chemical reactions are called _____. A) catalyst B) endothermic C) inhibitors D) products

C

The _____ is a unit of force. A) pascal B) atmosphere C) newton D) kilopascal

C

The most common element in the universe is _____. A) iron B) lead C) hydrogen D) carbon

C

The region around a magnet where the magnetic forces act is the _____. This region is also shown by drawing arrows. A) electromagnetic pole B) magnetic domain C) magnetic field D) magnetic pole

C

The three permanent magnets are ___________. A) iron, cobalt, and manganese B) iron, nickel, and manganese C) iron, nickel, and cobalt D) lead, mercury, and silver

C

There are _____ families on the periodic table. A) 12 B) 7 C) 18 D) none

C

These elements are expected to have the same properties except _____. A) oxygen B) bromine C) chlorine D) iodine

C

What is the name of a binary compound made up of lithium and chlorine? A) chlorine lithiate B) chlorine lithium C) lithium chloride D) lithium chlorate

C

What is the neutral particle that is formed when atoms share electrons? A) cation B) ionic compound C) molecule D) nucleus

C

Which element comes first in a chemical formula? A) those with positive oxidation numbers B) those with negative oxidation numbers C) the first element is always a metal D) the first element is always a nonmetal

C

Which of the following compounds is not likely to have ionic bonds? A) LiF B) NaCl C) CH4 D) MgF2

C

Which of the following is an endothermic reaction? A) fireworks exploding in the sky B) MRE's C) cold pack D) hand warmers

C

Which of the following is an example of a chemical change? A) strumming a guitar B) converting matter into energy C) grilling a burger D) melting copper

C

Which of the following statements is true about electric forces? A) electric forces cause objects to only attract each other B) electric forces cause objects to only repel each other C) electric forces cause objects to repel or attract each other D) electric forces have no effect on each other

C

_____ is another name for a homogeneous mixture. A) suspension B) substance C) solution D) liquid

C

_____ is responsible for the Atomic Theory. A) Bohr B) Thomson C) Dalton D) Greek

C

_____ solutions are very unstable. A) saturated B) unsaturated C) supersaturated D) suspened

C

Pascal's Principle can be applied to _____. A) all states of matter B) solids and gases only C) solids and liquids only D) any matter that can flow

D

The _____ tells you how many electrons a atom must gain, lose, or share to become stable. A) atomic mass B) atomic number C) ionic number D) oxidation number (charge)

D

The amount of solute that can be dissolved in a specific amount of solvent at a given temperature is its _____. A) concentration B) density C) dilution D) solubility

D

The idea that matter is made up of small particles that are in constant motion is _____. A) Bernoulli's principle B) heat of fusion C) Charles's law D) the kinetic theory of matter

D

The location of the strongest magnetic forces is the _____. A) electromagnets B) magnetic domains C) magnetic fields D) magnetic poles

D

The science of what matter is made of and how it changes is called _____. A) engineering B) kinetics C) physics D) chemistry

D

Which state of matter is the most common in the Universe? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) plasma

D

The direction of the force on a positive test charge near another positive charge is _____ the other charge. A) away from B) toward C) parallel to D) perpendicualr

A

The energy levels of an atom are occupied by _____. A) electrons B) protons C) neutrons D) ions

A

_____ is known as the universal solvent. A) air B) water C) milk D) alcohol

B

How many electrons are needed in the outer energy levels of most atoms for the atom to be chemically stable? A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8

D

If energy must be added to a chemical reaction for the reaction to occur, the reaction is A) exothermic B) reactant C) balanced D) endothermic

D

According to _____, as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. A) Bernoulli's principle B) Boyle's law C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

A

An alloy is an example of a _____ solution. A) solid B) liquid C) gaseous D) dilute

A

An area with excess electrons has a rest _____ charge; an area with a deficit of electrons has a net _____ charge. A) negative, positive B) positive, negative C) positive, neutral D) negative, neutral

A

A car panel lamp has a resistance of 33 ohms when it is placed across a 12 V battery. What is the current through the circuit? A) 0.36 A B) 2.8 A C) 3.96 A D) 396 A

A

A change in the temperature of a solution is a sign that? A) a chemical change is taking place B) a physical change has just occurred C) oxygen is present D) organic chemicals are present

A

A physical property of gold is its _____. A) density B) non-flammability C) reactivity D) none of the above

A

A(n) _____ reaction is one in which heat is transferred from the surroundings to the reactants. A) endothermic B) exothermic C) chemical D) physical

A

A/An _____ is described as a closed loop or pathway that allows electric charges to flow. A) electric circuit B) conventional current C) parallel connection D) series connection

A

According to Rutherford's model of the atom, electrons behave like? A) planets orbiting the sun B) waves on a vibrating string C) light energy in a vacuum D) planets rotating on their axes

A

The charge of an electron is? A) -2 B) -1 C) 0 D) +1

B

Charging by _____ charges a neutral body by touching it with a charged body; whereas charging by _____ charges an object without touching it with a charged body. A) conduction, induction B) induction, conduction C) force, conduction D) force, induction

A

Current that reverse direction in a regular pattern is called _. A) alternating current B) circuit current C) direct current D) magnetic current

A

Electric field lines are directed _____ positive charges and _____ negative charges. A) away from, toward B) toward, away from C) parallel to, perpendicular to D) perpendicular to, parallel to

A

Electric forces can be either repulsive or attractive, whereas gravitational force is always: A) attractive B) repulsive C) both a and b D) neither a nor b

A

Energy levels are the same as _____ on the periodic table. A) periods B) families C) atomic number D) atomic mass

A

How many periods are there on the periodic table? A) 7 B) 6 C) 5 D) none

A

Matter in which the particles are free to move in all directions until they have spread evenly throughout their container is a _____. A) gas B) liquid C) plasma D) solid

A

On the solubility graph, a supersaturated solution is found _____ the line. A) above B) below C) right on D) next to

A

One example of a good conductor is _____. A) copper B) wood C) glass D) rubber

A

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance is the _____. A) temperature B) heat C) thermal energy D) kinetic energy

A

The order of elements in the periodic table is based on? A) the number of protons in the nucleus B) the electric charge of the nucleus C) the number of neutrons in the nucleus D) atomic mass

A

The periodic table is used for _____. A) organizing elements B) nothing C) multiplying atoms D) decorating the room

A

These are all isotopes of Hydrogen except _____. A) Hydronium B)Protium C) Deutrium D) Tritium

A

Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's _____. A) resistance to flow B) adhesive forces C) average kinetic energy D) buoyancy

A

What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide? A) MgO B) MgO2 C) Mg2O2 D) Mg2O

A

What is the correct ordering of these small parts of matter, from the smallest to the largest _____. A) protons, nucleus, atom B) nucleus, atom, proton C) atom, nucleus, proton D) proton, atom, nucleus

A

Where are metals found on the periodic table? A) the left side of stairstep B) right side of stairstep C) on the stairstep D) all over the table

A

Which is an amorphous material? A) candle wax B) water ice C) fire D) table salt

A

Which of the Group 13 elements is NOT a metal? A) Boron B) Aluminum C) Gallium D) Indium

A

Which of the following is an example of a physical change? A) dissolving salt in water B) burning wood into charcoal C) cooking an egg D) rusting iron

A

Which state of matter will hold its shape without a container? A) solid B) liquid C) gas D) plasma

A

Which statement about the alkali metals is correct? A) they are located in the left-most column of the periodic table B) they are extremely nonreactive C) they are usually gases D) they form negative ions with a 1-charge

A

_____ forces between charges are enormous in comparison to _____ forces. A) electrical, gravitational B) gravitational, electrical C) positive, negative D) negative, positive

A

A _____ is described as a device with specific resistance and is used to control current. A) battery B) resistor C) parallel connection D) series connection

B

A/An _____ is a material in which charges will not move easily, whereas a/an _____ is a material that allows charges to move about easily. A) conductor, insulator B) insulator, conductor C) electroscope, conductor D) insulator, electroscope

B

About _____ elements are found on Earth. A) 9 B) 90 C) 900 D) 9000

B

According to _____, if you decrease the volume of a container of gas and hold the temperature constant, the pressure of the gas will increase. A) Bernoulli's principle B) Boyle's law C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

B

According to _____, pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout that fluid. A) Bernoulli's principle B) Pascal's principle C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

B

An amorphous solid _____. A) flows freely at any temperature B) has no true melting point C) has a repeating unit structure D) becomes less viscous as it cools

B

An atom's mass number equals the number of? A) protons plus the number of electrons B) protons plus the number of neutrons C) protons D) neutrons

B

As a sample of matter is heated, its particles _____. A) are unaffected B) move more quickly C) move more slowly D) stop moving

B

Bernoulli's principle explains why _____. A) boats float B) planes fly C) heated objects expand D) heat of fusion exists

B

Carbon and other nonmetals are found in which area of the periodic table? A) on the left-most side B) on the right side C) in the middle column of the periodic table D) in the bottom row

B

Compared to most substances, water is unusual because it _____ when it goes from the liquid to solid state. A) contracts B) expands C) melts D) diffuses

B

Hydraulic machines work by applying _____. A) Bernoulli's principle B) Pascal's principle C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

B

Increasing the surface area of a solid A) slows down the rate of reaction B) speeds up the rate of reaction C) has no effect on the rate of reaction D) counteracts the rate of reaction

B

Matter is defined as anything that _____. A) can be seen and touched B) has mass and takes up space C) can be weighed D) contains kinetic or potential energy

B

Metals combine with _____ to form salts. A) Hydrogen B) Halogens C) Oxygen D) Transition Metals

B

More solute can be dissolved in a _____ solution: A) saturated B) unsaturated C) supersaturated D) suspended

B

Most of the time the charges of the nonmetals are _____. A) positive B) negative C) covalent D) neutral

B

One source of constant electric current? A) coulomb B) dry cell C) switch D) transformer

B

A chemical equation is balanced by changing or adding A) chemical symbol B) subscripts C) coefficients D) reactants

C

A gas-like mixture with no definite volume or shape that is made up of positively charged particles is a _____. A) gas B) liquid C) plasma D) solid

C

A lamp draws a current of 0.50 A when it is connected to a 120 V source? What is the resistance of the lamp? A) 4.17 x 10^-2 ohms B) 60 ohms C) 2.4 x 10^2 ohms D) 24 x 10^2 ohms

C

A motor with an operating resistance of 32 ohms is connected to a voltage source. The current in the circuit is 3.8 A. What is the voltage of the source? A) 0.12 V B) 8.42 V C) 1.2 x 10^2 V D) 1,216 V

C

A _____ is a substance that has water molecules attached to it. A) molecule B) anhydrate C) ion D) hydrate

D

A cork is able to float on water because it is _____. A) a crystalline solid B) equal in density to water C) small in size D) less dense than the water

D

A substance that dissolves in a solvent is said to be: A) insoluble B) unmixable C) mixable D) soluble

D

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction is a? A) inhibitor B) coefficient C) reactant D) catalyst

D

A substance that speeds up chemical reactions in the human body is ______. A) inhibitor B) polar C) a prohibitor D) an enzyme

D

A synthesis reaction is a reaction between at least two compounds in which. A) one breaks down into at least two products B) a compound is decomposed by an electric current C) a compound burns in the presence of oxygen D) a new, more complex compound is formed

D

According to _____, the buoyancy force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. A) Bernoulli's principle B) Boyle's law C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

D

According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, how does the mass of the products compare to the mass of the reactants? A) mass of products is greater B) mass of reactants is greater C) there is no relationship D) the masses are equal

D

All substances are built from _____. A) compounds B) oxygen C) metals D) atoms

D

An electromagnet is _____. A) a permanent magnet B) made with bar magnets C) attracts all metal substances D) only operating when the current is on

D

Archimedes' Principle helps to explain the relationship between _____. A) kinetic energy and density B) temperature and density C) pressure and density D) buoyancy and density

D

Electric charge that has accumulated on an object? A) circuit electricity B) current circuit C) current electricity D) static electricity

D

Knowing the chemical properties of a substance will tell you how the substance _____. A) looks B) smells C) is broken down D) reacts

D

Matter in which atoms are tightly held in place is a _____. A) gas B) liquid C) plasma D) solid

D

Normally, atoms are electrically neutral because there are? A) more protons than electrons B) more electrons than protons C) equal numbers of protons and neutrons D) equal numbers of protons and electrons

D

The particles that make up a solid move _____ than do the particles that make up a gas. A) in the same way B) more quickly C) more quickly and farther D) moves slowly

D

The subatomic particle that moves around the nucleus is ___. A) ions B) neutrons C) protons D) electrons

D

Three examples of physical changes are _____. A) freezing of water, evaporation of gasoline, and rusting of nail B) boiling of water, bursting of a balloon, and melting of a candle C) sawing of wood, crushing of a can, and toasting of a marshmallow D) burning of gasoline, rotting of an egg, and exploding of fireworks

D

Whether on object will sink or float in a fluid is determined by _____. A) Boyle's law B) Bernoulli's principle C) Charles's law D) Archimedes' principle

D

Which change in state requires the energy be added to the substance? A) freezing B) deposition C) condensing D) vaporizing

D

Which of the following changes is chemical rather than physical? A) water is boiled B) aluminum foil is crumpled C) glass is shattered D) wood is burned

D

Which of the following elements is an alkali metal? A) calcium B) magnesium C) mercury D) sodium

D

Which of the following elements will likely form a negative ion in its ionic compounds? A) Li, lithium B) Al, aluminum C) Mg, magnesium D) Cl, chlorine

D