SCOM

Which phrase below best defines persuasion? a. A communication process of converting, modifying or maintaining the attitudes, beliefs, or behavior of others. b. A communication process of influencing the thoughts and feelings of a small or large group by giving them information. c. The noncompetitive consideration of alternate viewpoints by a speaker and audience. d. A communication process of presenting one's own beliefs to an audience in a convincing manner.

a. A communication process of converting, modifying or maintaining the attitudes, beliefs, or behavior of others.

When the ABC Corporation initiated a "career alternative enhancement program" where they ultimately fired 5000 employees, they could be accused of using what? a. A euphemism b. Jargon c. An abstraction d. A referent

a. A euphemism

A word, sound, or visual device that represents a thought, concept, or object is called what? a. A symbol b. Meaning c. A trigger d. Action

a. A symbol

What is the reason why we say that nonverbal communication is more believable than verbal communication? a. Because verbal communication is a conscious activity, much of our nonverbal behavior is not. b. Because nonverbal communication is mostly under our conscious control. c. Because verbal communication is more ambiguous than nonverbal communication. d. Because nonverbal communication is less obvious than verbal communication.

a. Because verbal communication is a conscious activity, much of our nonverbal behavior is not.

The process of translating ideas, feelings, and thoughts into codes is called what? a. Encoding b. Channeling c. Receiving d. Recoding

a. Encoding

Clayton is sitting at the breakfast table reading the newspaper when his partner comes into the kitchen and asks him, "Does this dress make me look fat?" Clayton says, "You betcha." Which of the following terms BEST describes Clayton's behavior? a. Pseudo listening b. Active listening c. Empathic listening d. Critical listening

a. Pseudo listening

When your yoga master says, "Go you must," the awkwardness of the sentence is best explained by a violation of which of the following characteristics of language? a. Syntax b. Phonemes c. Ambiguity d. Sounds

a. Syntax

You' have been asked to speak to the local garden club. Which of the following topics might be MOST appropriate for your speech? a. The political correctness of formal gardens. b. Using the club's garden as a model of poor gardening practices. c. Use this opportunity to announce your mayoral candidacy.

a. The political correctness of formal gardens.

During her speech, Linda claims that, "According to the American Heart Association website, updated last August, 40% of all Americans are at risk of heart failure due to obesity." Based on Linda's claim, which of the following statements is the MOST accurate? a. The speaker provided an appropriate oral citation. b. The speaker should include the name of the webmaster. c. Websites should not be used as sources of information. d.It is not necessary to provide oral citations for the information given.

a. The speaker provided an appropriate oral citation.

"John, please come inside now.""John Daniel Jones, you get in here this instant!"Which of the following statements is true concerning these two messages? a. They differ on the relationship aspect of meaning. b. The first one is interactional, while the second message is transactional. c. They differ of the content aspect of meaning. d. There is no significant difference between these two messages.

a. They differ on the relationship aspect of meaning.

Which of the following claims about language is valid? a. We can perceive phenomena, events, objects, and ideas more easily when a vocabulary is present. b. Language choices have little impact on thought and perception. c. We will never be able to articulate our perception of a particular object, event or phenomena. d. None of the above claims are valid.

a. We can perceive phenomena, events, objects, and ideas more easily when a vocabulary is present.

If you wanted to show your audience a breakdown of the percentages of Caucasian, Hispanic, and African-American adults who voted for President Biden in the 2020 election, which type of graph should you use? a. A line graph b. A bar graph c. A picture graph d. A table

b. A bar graph

Which statement below best describes what a euphemism is? a. A euphemism is a specialized language of a group. b. A euphemism is language that tends to numb us to unpleasant or offensive things. c. A euphemism should always be avoided. d. A euphemism is language everyone always understands.

b. A euphemism is language that tends to numb us to unpleasant or offensive things.

Richard presented an informative speech on hurricanes. Based on the following main points, which organizational pattern is Richard planning on using? I.Why hurricanes happen II. How to measure hurricanes III. How to predict hurricanes a. A topical pattern b. A spatial pattern c. A problem solution pattern d. A chronological pattern

b. A spatial pattern

"So how does this affect us?" is an example of a. A signpost b. A transition c. An internal summary d. A final statement

b. A transition

Which of the following terms means what a person thinks is true or probable? a. Values b. Beliefs c. Customs d. None of the above

b. Beliefs

Concerning culture, what can we accurately say? a. Culture is genetically inherited. b. Culture is learned. c. Culture is separate from communication d. None of the above

b. Culture is learned.

Pathos is the term Aristotle employed that today refers to what? a. Logical appeals used to convince listeners. b. Emotional appeals used to convince listeners. c. The credibility of the speaker as perceived by listeners. d. Propositional statements that serve as the blueprint for persuasion.

b. Emotional appeals used to convince listeners.

"America faked the moon landing in 1969" is an example of a proposition of what? a. Value b. Fact c. Policy d. Change

b. Fact

The general purpose of a speech is BEST understood as what? a. Combining the topic of the speech with the purpose of the speech b. Identifying whether the speech will be informative or persuasive. c. Engaging in an analysis of the audience demographic characteristics. d. Stating the behavioral response of the audience desired by the speaker.

b. Identifying whether the speech will be informative or persuasive.

Nancy and Roberto are sitting at a table in a crowded restaurant. Music is playing, people are talking, and restaurant employees are clearing tables of dishes. Still, Nancy is able to listen to Roberto talk about a recent vacation. This example best illustrates which of the following stages in the listening process? a. Hearing b. Interpreting c. Recalling d. Responding

b. Interpreting

A term for the study of human movements, gestures, and posture is called what? a. Vocalics b. Kinesics c. Proxemics d. Haptics

b. Kinesics

Communication that is described as a one-way process is commonly defined as: a. Interactive. b. Linear. c. Asymmetrical. d. Transactional.

b. Linear.

When nonverbal communication contradicts verbal messages, which of the following is true? a. Listeners will probably believe the verbal message as the true message. b. Listeners will probably believe the nonverbal message as the true message. c. Listeners will disregard any message in which there is contradictory behavior. d. None of the above statements are true.

b. Listeners will probably believe the nonverbal message as the true message.

Monique is trying to learn how to be a food server in a restaurant. She continually refers to herself as "clumsy" or "a klutz" even though she has not dropped anything. Based on what you know about identity construction, which of the following statements would be MOST accurate? a. Monique is not likely to drop anything because she has already attributed her shortcomings to external factors. b. Monique is more likely to drop something because she is creating a self-fulfilling prophecy. c. Monique is not likely to drop something because she has protected herself from her self-concept. d. Monique is more likely to drop something because her culture values clumsiness.

b. Monique is more likely to drop something because she is creating a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Which is the best definition of paralanguage? a. Paralanguage means the same thing as vocal communication. b. Paralanguage is the nonverbal aspect of a vocal message. c. Paralanguage is something that protects us from erroneous language use. d.Paralanguage is verbal communication.

b. Paralanguage is the nonverbal aspect of a vocal message.

As Juan sat in his biology lab, the lab instructor was droning on about the techniques of dissection. Juan kept thinking about the concert he was planning to attend on the weekend. Which of the following stages of listening is Juan having the most trouble with? a. Interpreting b. Receiving c. Responding d. Hearing

b. Receiving

The person who decodes a signal sent by another person is called what? a. The source b. The receiver c. The channel d. The broadcaster

b. The receiver

You shake hands with someone and notice that the hands are hard and callused. You might infer that this person worked with his hands. And since he is wearing coveralls, you assume he is a farmer. Which stage of the perceptual process would be reflected in this example? a. The stage where you attend to and select stimuli. b. The stage where you interpret stimuli. c. The stage where you express understanding. d. None of the above.

b. The stage where you interpret stimuli.

Which of the following statements BEST describes what values are? a. Values are a learned set of enduring values, beliefs, and practices that are shared by an identifiable, large group of people with a common history. b. Values are the most deeply felt, generally shared view of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile thinking or behavior. c. Values are what a person thinks is true or probable. d. Values are a group of people who live in a dominant culture yet remain connected to another cultural heritage.

b. Values are the most deeply felt, generally shared view of what is deemed good, right, or worthwhile thinking or behavior.

Which of the following statements is the MOST accurate one concerning stereotypes? a. All stereotypes are negative. b. We stereotype people because of our nature to simplify and categorize. c. People who use stereotypes are usually doing so intentionally. d. It is fairly easy to get rid of harmful stereotypes.

b. We stereotype people because of our nature to simplify and categorize.

"Lack of education is a primary cause of poverty" is a proposition of what? a. A proposition of value b. A proposition of policy c. A proposition of fact d. A proposition of change

c. A proposition of fact

A competent conclusion to a speech includes all of the following requirements EXCEPT? a. A reference to the introduction. b. A summary of all the main points. c. A summary of all support used d. A memorable finish.

c. A summary of all support used

A person who holds two inconsistent ideas, beliefs, or opinions at the same time will likely experience what? a. Misidentification b. The contrast effect c. Cognitive dissonance d. The door-in-face-phenomenon

c. Cognitive dissonance

Which of the following are correct statements about cultures? a. Most of the world's population lives in ethnocentric cultures. b. Only North American and Western European cultures are ethnocentric. c. Every culture is ethnocentric to some degree. d.All cultures believe that direct, explicit communication is preferable to indirect, implicit communication.

c. Every culture is ethnocentric to some degree.

Impromptu and extemporaneous speaking differ in which of the following ways? a. Extemporaneous is speaking off the cuff; impromptu is speaking from a prepared manuscript. b. Extemporaneous is speaking from a prepared manuscript; impromptu is speaking off the cuff without preparation. c. Extemporaneous is speaking from a prepared outline; impromptu is speaking with little or no preparation or notes. d. Extemporaneous is speaking from a prepared outline; impromptu is speaking from a prepared manuscript.

c. Extemporaneous is speaking from a prepared outline; impromptu is speaking with little or no preparation or notes.

Kristin is a 21 year old college student majoring in computer science. She has been assigned to deliver a persuasive speech to her SCOM 123 class. Although she is considering a variety of topics, which would be her BEST choice? a. The causes of cyber-bullying. b. How to keep your computer fast, safe, and good looking, and keep your hard drive clean. c. Government restrictions on content on the internet should be minimized. d. Cellphone use among college students.

c. Government restrictions on content on the internet should be minimized.

Which of the following statements BEST defines listening? a. Listening is a passive process of receiving messages. b. Listening is an uncontrollable process of receiving aural stimuli. c. Listening is an active process of processing stimuli. d. Listening is the same process as hearing.

c. Listening is an active process of processing stimuli.

What should you do when you paraphrase an author's work in your speech? a. Use the author's words as written. b. Re-organize the author's words to make your argument c. Retain the author's meaning using your own words. d. Change every other word from the original.

c. Retain the author's meaning using your own words.

You do poorly on a speech in front of your classmates. You attribute your poor performance to "not enough time to prepare," even though you had three weeks to construct a 4-minute presentation. What is this is an example of? a. A fundamental attribution error. b. Negativity bias. c. Self-serving bias. d. Self-disclosure.

c. Self-serving bias.

Which of the following is not a part of ethos according to Aristotle? a. Competence b. Trustworthiness c. Sentiment d. Dynamism

c. Sentiment

When Alex finishes his speech and returns to his seat, Brian flashes him a thumbs-up sign. What function does the emblem used serve? a. Repeating b. Regulating c. Substituting d. Accenting

c. Substituting

During a speech on viewing a solar eclipse, the speaker offers all of the following statements. Which of the statements would be considered a main point? a. Sunglasses tend to cause the center of the eye to enlarge allowing in more intense light. b. Smoked glass can block out only a limited amount of the sun's ultraviolet rays that can damage the eye. c. Sunglasses should never be used to view a solar eclipse. d. The retina of an unprotected eye can burn in as little as 30 seconds.

c. Sunglasses should never be used to view a solar eclipse.

Joan, a 21 year old ecological activist and college student, has been assigned to deliver an informative speech to her SCOM 123 class, which is comprised mostly of first-year students. Although she is considering a variety of topics, which would be her BEST choice? a. Keeping animals in zoos is morally wrong. b. Penalties for improper disposal of automotive oil should be increased. c. The reasons that mythic creatures like vampires and zombies continue to influence modern culture. d. Genetically modified ingredients should be banned from our food products.

c. The reasons that mythic creatures like vampires and zombies continue to influence modern culture.

Imagine that you are listening to a speech about monkeypox. One of the speaker's main points describes ways to respond to the news that you or someone you know tests negative for the virus. You are confused by this, because you know that when someone tests negative, it means that someone isn't infected with the virus that causes monkeypox. What is happening in this situation? a. The speaker obviously plagiarized the speech, because he/she doesn't know the correct terms. b. The channel of the message is faulty, or else the correct term would be sent and received. c. The speaker's encoding and the listener's decoding are interfering with communication. d. External noise is keeping the message from being sent and received accurately.

c. The speaker's encoding and the listener's decoding are interfering with communication.

No matter how loud you yell at the news anchor on the television set in your living room, you have no effect on the journalist's message. This example BEST represents which communication model? a. The transaction model. b. The interaction model. c. The transmission model. d. The asymmetrical model.

c. The transmission model.

A comparison of messages in verbal and nonverbal channels suggests that nonverbal messages are: a. delivered with more conscious awareness. b. discrete rather than continuous in nature. c. delivered through multiple channels. d. less ambiguous.

c. delivered through multiple channels.

Sean wants to compare law schools. Which of the following sources would provide him the MOST useful factual information? a. His father's fond memories of his alma mater. b. The first 10 websites revealed on a Google search for criminal justice studies. c. A scholarly journal article on law school requirements. d. A 2022 Wall Street Journal news story about the 10 most highly rated law schools.

d. A 2022 Wall Street Journal news story about the 10 most highly rated law schools.

"The sale, distribution, and use of drugs should be legalized" is what kind of proposition? a. A proposition of fact. b. A proposition of value. c. A warrant. d. A proposition of policy.

d. A proposition of policy.

"I want my listeners to sign organ donor cards after I give my speech." This is an example of what? a. A thesis or general idea b. A general purpose c. A demographic purpose d. A specific purpose

d. A specific purpose

What statement best describes the concept of perception? a. Perception is inherently, unavoidably selective. b. Perception is shaped by our limited sensory capabilities. c. Perception is a process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting data we get from our senses. d. All of the above statements are true about perception.

d. All of the above statements are true about perception.

Which of the following is NOT a demographic variable? a. Age b. Sex c. Religion d. Attitude

d. Attitude

Katie was in a serious car accident two years ago. Now, when she hears the word "accident," she is reminded of that trauma. This is an example of how a word has what? a. Abstract meaning b. Concrete meaning c. Denotative meaning d. Connotative meaning

d. Connotative meaning

Which of the following is the best definition of communication competence? a. To achieve your goals in a socially inappropriate manner. b. The process in which a receiver attaches accurate meaning to an incoming message. c. Employing the same thoughtless behaviors in all cultures and relationships. d. Engaging in communication with others that is perceived to be both effective and appropriate in a given context.

d. Engaging in communication with others that is perceived to be both effective and appropriate in a given context.

The following statements come from the body of an informative speech. Which of these statements is the main point? a. Drones provide a unique perspective that previously used satellite imagery could not provide. b. The success of drones is made possible by technological advances in GPS modules and digital radios. c. Drones can expose issues with irrigation, soil variation, and plant distress. d. Farmers have begun to use drones adorned with cameras to improve the treatment of their crops.

d. Farmers have begun to use drones adorned with cameras to improve the treatment of their crops.

When a teacher puts her arm around a pupil to comfort him, which type of nonverbal communication is being used? a. Paralanguage b. Chronemics c. Proxemics d. Haptics

d. Haptics

During her speech, Diane makes all of the following statements: "2023 is likely to be the hottest year in recorded history," "One of the major causes of climate change is the behavior of human beings," "Eating imported food increases our carbon footprint," and "When possible, buy your fruit and vegetables from local suppliers." The BEST description of Diane's speech purpose is a. Inspirational b. Informative c. Educational d. Persuasive

d. Persuasive

Listening involves which of the following processes? a. Awareness, rejecting, decoding, remembering, reacting b. Selecting, attending, understanding, responding, remembering c. Selecting, acknowledging, comprehending d. Receiving, interpreting, recalling, responding

d. Receiving, interpreting, recalling, responding

Which component of the listening process makes it a transactional event? a. Hearing b. Receiving c. Recalling d. Responding

d. Responding

Which of the following statements BEST describes the function of a speech preview? a. Explain each of the main points of the speech b. Provide definitions of all significant terms that may be unclear to listeners c. Establish the significance of the purpose statement for listeners d. State the main points of the speech clearly and concisely

d. State the main points of the speech clearly and concisely

Albert holds certain beliefs about people who drive a Tesla (an electric car). When he meets Eileen, who drives a Tesla, he immediately reacts to her according to his set of beliefs about people who drive those vehicles. Which of the following concepts BEST explains Albert's attitude? a. Attributions b. Self-concept c. Scripts d. Stereotypes

d. Stereotypes

Your credibility as a source when giving a speech refers to what? a. Your formal education b. Your honesty when giving the speech c. Your perception of yourself as a speaker d. The audience's perception of you as the speaker

d. The audience's perception of you as the speaker

The stage in the perceptual process in which we assign meaning to what we observe is called what? a. The selection stage. b. The attention stage. c. The organization stage. d. The interpretation stage.

d. The interpretation stage.

In terms of speech making, which statement about eye contact is FALSE? a. Eye contact refers to meaningful attention to the eyes and faces of the audience members. b. Good eye contact can improve the speaker's perceived source credibility. c. The value of eye contact with audiences and individuals is culturally determined. d. The speaker should keep constant eye contact with the audience at all times. e. None of the above

d. The speaker should keep constant eye contact with the audience at all times.

Which of the following statements distinguishes denotative meaning from connotative meaning? a. Denotations are personal meanings; connotations are shared meanings. b. Denotations are dictionary definitions; connotations are shared meaning. c. Denotations are conventional meanings; connotations are shared meanings. d.Denotations are shared meanings; connotations are personal meanings.

d.Denotations are shared meanings; connotations are personal meanings.

What does the phrase, "communication is transactional" mean? a. If you send a message to a friend you must always receive a response. b. The content of your message has little effect on your relationship with another person. c. Your communication with others involves only content, but not relationship dimensions of messages. d.You and your partner are both senders and receivers simultaneously as you communicate with each other.

d.You and your partner are both senders and receivers simultaneously as you communicate with each other.

Which of the following is influenced by culture? a. Language b. Self-conept c. Norms d. Nonverbal behaviors e. All of the above

e. All of the above