Six Essential Nutrients

Water

Hydrates the body, lubricates joints, regulates body temperature, aids in brain and spinal cord functions.

Fats function in the body

Stores fat-soluble vitamins; Protects internal organs and coats nerves; Long-term energy storage

Nutrient

Substance found in food the body needs for energy and essential bodily functions

Macronutrients

Substances that a human must obtain in relatively large amounts for essential bodily functions; Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fat, and Water

Micronutrients

Substances that a human must obtain in small amount for essential bodily function; Vitamins and Minerals

Fiber

A form of complex carbohydrates from plants that humans cannot digest; roughage

Examples of complex carbohydrates

whole wheat bread, pasta, rice, oatmeal, potatoes

Minerals

A group of inorganic compounds that are essential for body processes/chemical reactions.

Vitamins Function

A group of organic compounds that are needed in small amounts to help regulate body functions.

Fiber provides how many calories

0 calories (because we cannot digest it)

Carbohydrates and protein have how many calories per gram?

4 calories per gram

Average range of water people need in a day

6-8 glasses

Fat has how many calories per gram?

9 calories per gram

Fat soluble vitamins

A, D, E, K

Water soluble vitamins

B vitamins and vitamin C

Minerals Function

Becomes part of the bones, soft tissues, and body fluids; Helps regulate body processes

6 Essential Nutrients

Carbohydrates, Fats, Protein, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water

Best sources of vitamins

Fruits, Vegetables, Dairy, & Healthy Fats

Proteins function

Helps repair and build cells, tissue, and muscles; Builds the immune system; Second source of energy

Macrominerals

Minerals needed in large amounts (>100 mg)

Trace Minerals

Minerals needed in small amounts (<100 mg)

B complex vitamins

The name for the grouping of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12.

Sources of Water

Water, Drinks, and Foods high in water content.

Examples of simple carbohydrates

fruit, milk, candy, soft drinks, sweet tea, cake

Sugars

glucose, lactose, maltose, galactose, sucrose, fructose

Carbohydrates function

main source of energy for the body

Types of carbohydrates

simple, complex, fiber

complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides)

starch and fiber; digested slowly

Simple carbohydrates (mono and disaccharides)

sugars; digested quickly