skeletal system section 1 review

yellow and red marrow

Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow. The color of yellow marrow is due to the much higher number of fat cells.

spongy bone

porous, found deep in bones, trabecular are needle-like bone found in spongy bone

the human skeleton functions to........

produce blood tissue, store fat and minerals, protect vitals organs, allow movement of the body, and provide a supporting framework

a human skeleton that is taken apart is called a(n) ________ skeleton

disarticulated

there are _______ bones in a standard human skeleton

206

osteocyte

a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted.

lacuna

a cavity or depression, especially in bone.

osteoblast

a cell that secretes the matrix for bone formation.

periosteum

a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.

epiphyseal line

a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.

osteoclast

a large multinucleate bone cell that absorbs bone tissue during growth and healing.

canaliculi

a small channel or duct.

lamella

a thin layer, membrane, scale, or platelike tissue or part, especially in bone tissue.

endosteum

a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones.

hyaline cartilage

a translucent bluish-white type of cartilage present in the joints, the respiratory tract, and the immature skeleton.

Haversian canal

any of the minute tubes that form a network in bone and contain blood vessels.

the bones of the upper and lower extremities compose the _______ skeleton

appendicular

flat bone

arise when bone tissue invades and hardens fibrous membranes, so they are sheetlike in shape; usually curved rather than absolutely flat

the ________ cartilage articulates with another bone or bone process

articular

short bone

as long as they are wide, sometimes having an almost cuboidal shape

red bone marrow is associated with _____ bone tissue

cancellous

what tissue is present in a typical long bone

compact bone

irregular bones

complex in shape

long bones

cylindrical bones that are longer than they are wide

compact bone

dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces (lacunae) that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells.

the _______ is the central space of the long bone

diaphysis

the shaft portion of a long bone is termed the _________ of the bone

diaphysis

the fibrous covering of a long bone is called the...

epiphysis

the head region on the end of a long bone shaft is the ______

epiphysis

yellow bone marrow is made of _______ tissue

fatty

osteogenesis

formation of a bone

when classified according to shape, the pelvic bone is considered to be_______

irregular

medullary cavity

is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored

osteon

is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone

reason for the epiphyseal plate

it is an area of growth between the epiphysis and diaphysis during bone development

when classified according to shape, the femur is a(n) ______ bone

long

tiny round specks of bone found in a tendon are often called.....

sesamoid bones

a bone that is long as it is wide is classified as a ___________ bone

short

epiphysis

the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.

the inner lining of the medullary cavity is.....

the endosteum

axial skeleton

the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate.

calcified matrix

the pores of the bones become filled with calcium

appendicular skeleton

the portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages.

ossification

the process of laying down new bone material by cells called osteoblasts. It is synonymous with bone tissue formation.

hemopoiesis

the production of blood cells and platelets, which occurs in the bone marrow.

diaphysis

the shaft or central part of a long bone.

your physical has just informed you that you have 40 bones in your skull. this means.......

you have some sutural bones in your skull