skeletal system section 1 review
yellow and red marrow
Red blood cells, platelets and most white blood cells arise in red marrow; some white blood cells develop in yellow marrow. The color of yellow marrow is due to the much higher number of fat cells.
spongy bone
porous, found deep in bones, trabecular are needle-like bone found in spongy bone
the human skeleton functions to........
produce blood tissue, store fat and minerals, protect vitals organs, allow movement of the body, and provide a supporting framework
a human skeleton that is taken apart is called a(n) ________ skeleton
disarticulated
there are _______ bones in a standard human skeleton
206
osteocyte
a bone cell, formed when an osteoblast becomes embedded in the matrix it has secreted.
lacuna
a cavity or depression, especially in bone.
osteoblast
a cell that secretes the matrix for bone formation.
periosteum
a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.
epiphyseal line
a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.
osteoclast
a large multinucleate bone cell that absorbs bone tissue during growth and healing.
canaliculi
a small channel or duct.
lamella
a thin layer, membrane, scale, or platelike tissue or part, especially in bone tissue.
endosteum
a thin vascular membrane of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of the bony tissue that forms the medullary cavity of long bones.
hyaline cartilage
a translucent bluish-white type of cartilage present in the joints, the respiratory tract, and the immature skeleton.
Haversian canal
any of the minute tubes that form a network in bone and contain blood vessels.
the bones of the upper and lower extremities compose the _______ skeleton
appendicular
flat bone
arise when bone tissue invades and hardens fibrous membranes, so they are sheetlike in shape; usually curved rather than absolutely flat
the ________ cartilage articulates with another bone or bone process
articular
short bone
as long as they are wide, sometimes having an almost cuboidal shape
red bone marrow is associated with _____ bone tissue
cancellous
what tissue is present in a typical long bone
compact bone
irregular bones
complex in shape
long bones
cylindrical bones that are longer than they are wide
compact bone
dense bone in which the bony matrix is solidly filled with organic ground substance and inorganic salts, leaving only tiny spaces (lacunae) that contain the osteocytes, or bone cells.
the _______ is the central space of the long bone
diaphysis
the shaft portion of a long bone is termed the _________ of the bone
diaphysis
the fibrous covering of a long bone is called the...
epiphysis
the head region on the end of a long bone shaft is the ______
epiphysis
yellow bone marrow is made of _______ tissue
fatty
osteogenesis
formation of a bone
when classified according to shape, the pelvic bone is considered to be_______
irregular
medullary cavity
is the central cavity of bone shafts where red bone marrow and/or yellow bone marrow (adipose tissue) is stored
osteon
is the fundamental functional unit of much compact bone
reason for the epiphyseal plate
it is an area of growth between the epiphysis and diaphysis during bone development
when classified according to shape, the femur is a(n) ______ bone
long
tiny round specks of bone found in a tendon are often called.....
sesamoid bones
a bone that is long as it is wide is classified as a ___________ bone
short
epiphysis
the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.
the inner lining of the medullary cavity is.....
the endosteum
axial skeleton
the part of the skeleton that consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate.
calcified matrix
the pores of the bones become filled with calcium
appendicular skeleton
the portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages.
ossification
the process of laying down new bone material by cells called osteoblasts. It is synonymous with bone tissue formation.
hemopoiesis
the production of blood cells and platelets, which occurs in the bone marrow.
diaphysis
the shaft or central part of a long bone.
your physical has just informed you that you have 40 bones in your skull. this means.......
you have some sutural bones in your skull
