Software testing and quality assurance

What is the difference between "write test cases for..." and "how would you test..."

"How would you test" would be ID and purpose - "write test cases for..." would be ID purpose instruction , expected result

What are the guidelines for writing test cases?

1. First test case - happy path 2. Start with requirements 3. When deviating from requirements for negative testing-make minimum possible change 4. Prioritize test case according to importance 5. Level of detail should be exactly same every time

When do you automate testing?

1. If testing cannot be done manually 2. When the test is expected to be launched many times

How many test cases per boundary?

2 test cases per boundary

What is a reproducible bug?

A bug that can be recreated through a series of given steps

What is a use case?

A completed business operation performed by the user. A requirement.

What is a show stopper bug?

A critical bug so severe in nature the software cannot be release until fixed

What is a test plan?

A general document in software testing that covers objective, scope, approach, and focus of a software testing effort

What is a bug?

A mismatch between actual behavior of a software application and its intended or expected Behavior. We learn about expected behavior from requirements specifications or other technical documentation

What is ad hoc testing?

A simplified form of exploratory testing where test planning executing and learning are all happening simultaneously- main purpose is to learn about the application not break it down

What is a build?

A version of a computer program

Why do we need a bug tracking database

Accountability, communication tool, monitoring individual performance

When executing test cases, which two additional columns do you need in a test case?

Actual result, PASS/FAIL indication

When does dynamic testing /sqa process start

After design

What is Boundary value analysis?

Aka boundary testing to test both sides of the boundary / partitioning

In reference to test cases, what are pre-conditions?

Are conditions which must be in place otherwise the test case cannot be executed

Test harness ?

Automated test framework utility to run test cases

What is Black Box testing?

Black Box testing is testing is done from a user perspective - without knowledge or access to the source code

Bug life cycle

Bug is found , bug is reported, bug is assigned, bug is fixed, bug is fix verified, bug is closed or reopened

What does a deferred bug mean?

Can't fix the bug due to a technical limitation or until more pieces of the software are available.

What does a test case include?

Case ID, purpose, instruction from base state , expected result

What is the most important impact QA can have on a product development process?

Clarifying requirements - things brings down percentage of code rewritten due to the change in requirements

There is no documentation. How would you test?

Compare to similar applications (features)

Name 4 level of severity (seriousness of the problem)

Critical/Fatal (crash, data corruption, hang), Serious (workaround), minor, Suggestion/Enhancement

What is Quality?

Customer Satisfaction

What is Software Quality to a consumer?

Customer Satisfaction - satisfied they are the software

In reference to test cases, what is test data?

Data to use/type when executing testing case

What is the most severe problem which might happen to a software application?

Database data corruption

Who can make a decision to defer a bug?

Developer

What is error handling or exception handling tesing?

Done by developers (Has nothing to with error messages to users) Testing how the the response to the occurrence of exceptional conditions requiring special processing

Why should a tester look for the simplest most general conditions under which a bug can be reproduced?

Easier to understand, faster to find, the more likely the big will get fixed

Where do you see yourself in 5 years?

Exploratory answer: needs to include - Someone who makes a difference in software testing

If you find a bug and the developer says it is as-designed, what would you do?

First make sure the developer is right - do not assume. Then close the bug if he/she is right

What is your approach for regression testing?

First when the build is received, Make sure that the build is testable so I run the build acceptance test or smoke test. I review what changes were done and make sure that functionality and features around those changes work well. I run regression test cases previous working portion to ensure they still work and no new bugs were introduced.

What is gray box testing?

Grey box testing is an extension of Black Box testing - using structural design and environment information

What happens after you type the address in the address field?

HTTP sends a requests to the DNS to translate to ip which is sent the Web server in packets via tcp/IP Through the osi model

What is severity?

How bad is the bug. Provided by tester.

What is Software Quality to QA?

How close the software is to its requirements

What is priority?

In which order should the bug be fixed. Provided by the person responsible to assigning jobs to the developer.

What is an equivalence class?

Is a group of inputs that result in same output

What is a happy path?

Is a positive test case (always be the first test case) which addresses the intended functionality of the feature

What is test matrix?

Is a spreadsheet that provides structure for combining two or more variables for testing

What is Software Testing?

Is the process of analyzing the software to detect differences between the existing and required conditions.

End-to-end testing?

Is under system testing covers specific business requirement use case

What is the software development life cycle?

It is a model used in project management that describe the stages involved in a software development project. Ex. Analysis, Extracting requirements, Design , Implementation / coding, Testing, Release, and Maintenance

What is regression testing?

It is partially testing of a modified program to make sure no new errors were introduced into the code while making changes

What do you do when you get back a bug "can not reproduce"

Make sure the bug can still be reproduced. Make sure the steps to reproduce are clear. Make sure you are testing in the same environment (build, version, configuration).

What does a test plan include

Many things; Product overview, Testing priorities / focus, Scope and limitations of testing Test tools used, Personnel allocation

Which type of testing results in the highest number of bugs found?

Negative testing

What is negative testing?

Negative testing is testing as a user would use the software improperly

What is the criteria for QA to certify a release?

No show stopper bugs

How do you determine when you have done enough testing?

Number of open bugs does not decrease over time

How many test cases are needed per equivalence class?

One test case per class

How to you perform GUI testing ?

Perform testing along the guidelines provided to you.

What is difference between performance vs load testing?

Performance is about testing how fast things happen, Load is testing what you can control on the back end (keeping load same)

What is positive testing?

Positive testing is testing as a user would use the software properly

What are 5 critical contents needed in a bug report?

Short description, steps to reproduce, severity, priority, status

When should you regression test?

Should be done for each new release, when you do not have time to retest software completely regression testing is a very good candidate for automation

What is a test case?

Smallest action in software testing which determines if a requirement has been satisfied that can fail or pass in only one place.

What is the difference between Software Testing and Software QA?

Software testing is mainly at 'error detection' process. Software QA is preventative, aimed to ensure quality in the methods and processes

What is stress testing?

Stress testing is done to see how the system behaves under extreme traffic

Why do you choose the QA career?

Tell sis story

What is the QA process?

Test Planning Test Development Test Execution Defect Management Test Reporting

What is the formula for calculating the number of test cases?

Test cases = (EC) + 2(B)

Who can change severity or priority in a bug report?

Tester and The person responsible for assign jobs to priority

What is unit testing?

Testing of a functional unit

System testing?

Testing of all functional units working together

What is a smoke test?

Testing of major functions of software prior to formal testing (being sent to QA)

Integration testing?

Testing of more than one functional unit working together

What is functionality testing?

Testing of the implementation of requirements

API testing?

Testing the library of functions that make up the API

What is equivalence partitioning?

The place where the behavior of the product changes

What's is Software Quality Assurance?

The process of monitoring and improving all activities associated with software development - requirement gathering, design, coding, testing, implementation

Prime objective of a Bug Tracking Database?

To get bugs fixed

Why do we release/build acceptance testing?

To see if it is good enough to go to QA

Explain how do you write test cases?

Using business and technical requirements if possible. They are structured - id ,purpose, instruction, expected results

What happens next after the bug bug is (allegedly) fixed?

Validate the big is fixed Do regression testing

What are boundaries?

Values assigned on either side of the equivalence partitioning

What are the three main purposes of Software Testing

Verification - checking for conformance and consistency (Are we building the system right?) Validation - checking if what has been specified is what the user actually wanted (Are we building the right system?) Error Detection - finding if things happen when they shouldn't or things don't happen when they should

What is the difference between website and Web application?

Website just collection pages with static content which purpose is informational. Web application is dynamic interactive system to where you interact with app and possibly other users

How can you tell when a severity is critical?

When there is no workaround

When does software testing start?

When we get the requirements

What is white-box testing?

White-box testing is testing done at the source code level with access to the source code

What are some things to remember when bug reporting?

make sure the bug is reproducible, Look for configuration dependence, is it a first time only bug?