Study Guide Chapter 13

The glial cells that guide migrating neurons in the developing fetal brain are __________.

Astrocytes

In the peripheral nervous system, the somas of the neurons are concentrated in enlarged, knotlike structures called ______ connected to the nerves.

Ganglia

Neurons that convey informations to the CNS ar called sensory, or _______, neurons.

Afferent

Prenatal degeneration of the forebrain results in a birth defect called ________.

Anencephaly

A/An ________ synapse is formed when a presynaptic neuron synapes with the cell body of a postsynaptic neuron.

Axosomatic

The soma of a mature neuron lacks _______.

Centrioles

Neurons receive incoming signals by way of specialized processes called ________.

Dendrites

Neurons arise from embryonic __________.

Ectoderm

The integrative functions of the nervous system are performed mainly by _____.

Interneurons

The glial cells that destroy microorganisms in the CNS are _________.

Microglia

Another name for the axon of a neuron is _______.

Nerve fiber

The _____ and _______ are necessary for regeneration of damaged nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system.

Neurilemma, endoneurium

In the central nervous system, cells called ________ perform one of the same functions that Schwann cells do in the peripheral nervous system.

Oligodendrocytes

A friend takes a flash photograph of you, and you continue to see an image of the flash unit forf several seconds afterward. This phenomenon is the result of a ________ circuit.

Parallel after-discharge

All of the nervous system except the brain and spinal cord is called the _______.

Peripheral nervous system

At a given synapse, the _______ neuron has neurotransmitter receptors.

Postsynaptic

Motor effects that depend on repetitive output from a neural pool are most likely to use the ________ type of neural circuit.

Reverberating

Which of the following appears earlier than all the rest in prenatal development of the nervous system: the neural groove, the primary vesicles, the neural plate, the neural crest, and the neural tube.

The neural plate

Neurotransmitters are found in ________.

The synaptic knob

Nerves that directly control the motility of the stomach or rate of the heartbeat would belong to ________.

The visceral motor division