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A _________ is an example of a settlement that specializes in public services. A) state capital B) hospital C) large casino complex D) shopping mall E) retirement community

A _________ is an example of a settlement that specializes in public services. A) state capital

A firm that sells its products primarily to consumers outside its settlement is a A) basic industry. B) functional classification. C) nonbasic industry. D) primate city. E) consumer service.

A firm that sells its products primarily to consumers outside its settlement is a A) basic industry.

A land use typically excluded from a North American CBD is A) public administration. B) industrial. C) office. D) retail. E) legal.

A land use typically excluded from a North American CBD is B) industrial.

A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities is achieved through A) blockbusting. B) redlining. C) zoning. D) greenbelts. E) busing.

A legal form of segregation in U.S. cities is achieved through C) zoning.

A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement? A) urban B) linear rural C) dispersed rural D) clustered rural E) primordial

A place where farm buildings, homes, and churches are found close together is what kind of settlement? D) clustered rural

A process by which banks designate an area within which they refuse to lend money for improvements is A) blockbusting. B) filtering. C) gentrification. D) redlining. E) zoning.

A process by which banks designate an area within which they refuse to lend money for improvements is D) redlining.

According to Homer Hoyt's sector model, once a district with high-class housing is established, the most expensive new housing is built A) on the outer edge of that district, farther out from the center. B) on the inner edge of that district, closer to the center. C) in the skyscrapers of the CBD. D) in old industrial buildings and retail shops. E) on the outer edge of the suburban area, farther out from the center.

According to Homer Hoyt's sector model, once a district with high-class housing is established, the most expensive new housing is built A) on the outer edge of that district, farther out from the center.

According to the concentric zone model, a city develops in a series of A) corridors. B) nodes. C) rings. D) sectors. E) quadrants.

According to the concentric zone model, a city develops in a series of C) rings.

According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearby A) hotels and warehouses. B) residences and highways. C) retail and wholesale shops. D) universities and colleges. E) hospitals and clinics.

According to the multiple nuclei model, an airport is likely to attract nearby A) hotels and warehouses.

According to the sector model, the best housing is located in A) a corridor from downtown to the edge of the city. B) an outer ring surrounding the city. C) nodes near universities and parks. D) renovated inner-city neighborhoods. E) gated communities.

According to the sector model, the best housing is located in A) a corridor from downtown to the edge of the city.

After 1573, most Spanish colonial cities were designed to have A) neighborhoods built around central, smaller plazas with parish churches and older quarters with narrow, winding streets and cramped residences. B) gridiron street plans centered on a church and plaza, walls around houses, and wider streets than are in the centers of most European cities. C) winding street plans centered on a church and plaza, garden lawns around houses, and wider streets than the centers of most European cities. D) gridiron street plans centered on a church and plaza, walls around houses, and narrower, more winding streets than are in the centers of most European cities. E) a gridiron street plan, a cathedral, and at least 20 parish churches for each city.

After 1573, most Spanish colonial cities were designed to have B) gridiron street plans centered on a church and plaza, walls around houses, and wider streets than are in the centers of most European cities.

As a result of high land costs, the American CBD is characterized by A) less intensive land use. B) the construction of skyscrapers. C) suburban sprawl. D) a high threshold and range. E) the reuse of existing buildings.

As a result of high land costs, the American CBD is characterized by B) the construction of skyscrapers.

Back-office functions are also called A) business-process offshore banking. B) market threshold outsourcing. C) command and control centering. D) business-process outsourcing. E) tax advantage outsourcing.

Back-office functions are also called D) business-process outsourcing.

British cities are surrounded by open space known as A) greenbelts. B) public housing. C) sprawl. D) squatter settlements. E) suburbs.

British cities are surrounded by open space known as A) greenbelts.

Compared to the United Kingdom, the amount of sprawl in the United States is A) greater. B) less. C) about the same. D) better controlled. E) declining.

Compared to the United Kingdom, the amount of sprawl in the United States is A) greater.

Compared to the United States, poor families in European cities are more likely to be A) clustered in inner-city neighborhoods. B) dispersed throughout the city. C) clustered in suburbs. D) distributed uniformly in the city. E) living along major boulevards.

Compared to the United States, poor families in European cities are more likely to be C) clustered in suburbs.

During the process of ________, the owner may abandon the property because the rents that can be collected are less than the costs involved in upkeep. A) blockbusting B) filtering C) gentrification D) redlining E) urban blight

During the process of ________, the owner may abandon the property because the rents that can be collected are less than the costs involved in upkeep. B) filtering

European CBDs are similar to those in North America because they both contain A) retail and office activities. B) extensive residential areas. C) large numbers of skyscrapers. D) structures inherited from medieval times. E) ancient Roman structures.

European CBDs are similar to those in North America because they both contain A) retail and office activities.

Factories have moved to suburban locations in part because of A) access to main highways. B) adequate space to build vertical structures. C) availability of large tracts of high-priced land. D) good rail connections. E) access to cheap labor.

Factories have moved to suburban locations in part because of A) access to main highways.

Gentrification A) is the process by which lower-class people move into deteriorated middle-income neighborhoods and subdivide the housing. B) allows lower income families to remain in their homes through public subsidies. C) is the process by which upper-class people move into deteriorated middle-income neighborhoods and subdivide the housing so that lower-income people can move in. D) is the process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing. E) has almost no influence on housing prices and taxes.

Gentrification D) is the process by which middle-class people move into deteriorated inner-city neighborhoods and renovate the housing.

Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of A) economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors. B) economic, service, industrial, and infrastructure factors. C) central place theory and gravity models. D) hinterland models. E) political and infrastructure factors.

Global cities are identified and ranked by a combination of A) economic, political, cultural, and infrastructure factors.

Heterogeneity is more a characteristic of A) suburban and rural communities. B) ancient urban centers than modern urban centers. C) manufacturing centers and rural populations. D) rural and urban centers. E) urban centers than rural communities.

Heterogeneity is more a characteristic of E) urban centers than rural communities

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that A) the people you know socially are probably the same ones you see at work. B) the people are more alike than in rural settlements. C) people compete for limited space. D) there are many different kinds of people in cities. E) people play a specialized role in the urban economy.

Higher social heterogeneity in urban settlements means that D) there are many different kinds of people in cities.

In a simplified model of a city, the zone where retail and office activities are clustered is the A) central business district. B) central commerce zone. C) urbanized downtown area. D) metropolitan statistical area. E) hub.

In a simplified model of a city, the zone where retail and office activities are clustered is the A) central business district.

In the United States, which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest land area? A) central business district B) central city C) urbanized area D) metropolitan statistical area E) regional government federation

In the United States, which of the following definitions of a city covers the largest land area? D) metropolitan statistical area

LDC's specialize in what two types of global business services? A) management consulting and staff training B) regional command and control centers C) biotechnology and medical research D) entertainment and recreation E) offshore financial and back office

LDC's specialize in what two types of global business services? E) offshore financial and back office

Land values are high in the CBD primarily because of A) competition for limited space. B) high threshold and range. C) less intensive land use. D) the lack of skyscrapers. E) the lack of residential space.

Land values are high in the CBD primarily because of A) competition for limited space.

Many of the poor on the periphery of cities in less developed countries live in areas known as A) squatter settlements. B) council estates. C) public housing. D) the zone in transition. E) suburbs.

Many of the poor on the periphery of cities in less developed countries live in areas known as A) squatter settlements.

Megalopolis refers to A) adjacent, overlapping Metropolitan Statistical Areas. B) central cities. C) consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas and their CBDs. D) central cities plus urbanized areas. E) regional government federation.

Megalopolis refers to A) adjacent, overlapping Metropolitan Statistical Areas.

Public housing is A) a conversion of low-income housing to middle-class housing. B) illegally established low-income housing. C) housing that has changed from single-family owner occupancy to abandonment. D) low-income government-owned housing. E) buildings housing public services, such as government agencies.

Public housing is D) low-income government-owned housing.

Public transit is more extensive in Western European cities than in the United States primarily because A) Europeans can't afford cars. B) European governments subsidize public transit. C) density is lower in the United States than in Europe. D) the typical European central city contains fewer high-rises. E) suburbs are built at subway terminals.

Public transit is more extensive in Western European cities than in the United States primarily because B) European governments subsidize public transit.

Retail activities which tend to concentrate in the CBD include those which have A) no threshold. B) no range. C) services for office workers. D) a need for rapid transportation. E) a need for large amounts of horizontal space.

Retail activities which tend to concentrate in the CBD include those which have C) services for office workers.

Richard Florida's research identified a relationship between the distribution of A) talent and diversity. B) central places. C) talent and economic prosperity. D) rural and urban settlements. E) business and consumer services.

Richard Florida's research identified a relationship between the distribution of A) talent and diversity.

Social area analysis attempts to explain A) the changing location of retail and office activities in North American cities. B) the development of squatter settlements in developing countries. C) the distribution of different types of people in an urban area. D) which of the three models of urban structure is the most accurate in the United States. E) regions ideal for social services.

Social area analysis attempts to explain C) the distribution of different types of people in an urban area.

Sprawl is the A) change in density within an urban area from the periphery to the center. B) development of new housing sites not contiguous to the existing built-up area. C) land maintained as open space surrounding an urban area. D) period in the morning and evening with the heaviest volumes of traffic. E) increasing population density in rings two and three of the concentric zone model.

Sprawl is the B) development of new housing sites not contiguous to the existing built-up area.

The "Boswash" corridor that stretches from Boston to Washington, D.C., was named "Megalopolis" A) by geographer Jean Gottmann. B) because it covered more than one-fourth of total U.S. land area. C) because it was planned to house more than half of the U.S. population. D) as a counterbalance to the plans of geographer Hugh Separalle. E) by economist, philanthropist, and geographer Harvey Keitel.

The "Boswash" corridor that stretches from Boston to Washington, D.C., was named "Megalopolis" A) by geographer Jean Gottmann.

The French long-lot system was developed primarily because of A) collective land ownership. B) common grazing land. C) inheritance laws. D) need for access to a river. E) long distance between farms.

The French long-lot system was developed primarily because of D) need for access to a river.

The areas on the periphery of cities in less developed countries are sometimes known as A) barriadas, favelas bidonvilles, bastees, or kampongs. B) young city and old city zones. C) public housing, barmiadelas, fonelongas, or kuhpinongs. D) the zone in transition, suburbs, or public zone. E) suburbs, barmiadelas, fonelongas, or kuhpinongs.

The areas on the periphery of cities in less developed countries are sometimes known as A) barriadas, favelas bidonvilles, bastees, or kampongs.

The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by A) low wages and the wide use of English. B) low wages and geographic situational factors. C) the wise use of English and the large number of working students. D) Indian students' ability to work at night and geographic situational factors. E) low wages and desperate conditions.

The attraction of the outsourced "call center" industry to locate in India can best be explained by A) low wages and the wide use of English.

The attraction of the outsourced "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by A) bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries. B) low wages, bank secrecy laws, and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries. C) the wide use of English and the large number of working students in the Cayman Islands. D) the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries and the hiding of prostitution and capital crimes. E) corporate greed and the hiding of unethical and illegal behaviors, including prostitution.

The attraction of the outsourced "offshore banking" industry can best be explained by A) bank secrecy laws and the avoidance of paying taxes in other countries.

The city-state is an example of A) an early form of rural settlement. B) a state dominated by its major city. C) a functional region. D) a local government of the Roman Empire. E) diffuse political functions.

The city-state is an example of B) a state dominated by its major city.

The energy efficiency of a hybrid car is tied to A) the use of hybrid gasolines. B) the generation of electricity from rooftop solar panels and wind turbines affixed to the sides and undercarriage of the car. C) the use of a gasoline engine at high speeds, whereas at low speeds an electric motor takes over; moreover, energy that would have otherwise escaped as heat is captured and stored while the car is coasting and braking. D) the use of a gasoline engine at low speeds, whereas at high speeds an electric motor takes over; moreover, energy that would have otherwise escaped as heat is captured and stored while the car is coasting and braking. E) the use of a gasoline engine at high speeds, and at low speeds, when the gas engine is at its most efficient, an electric motor takes over. Energy that would otherwise be wasted while coasting and braking is captured as electricity and heat when it would otherwise be needed.

The energy efficiency of a hybrid car is tied to D) the use of a gasoline engine at low speeds, whereas at high speeds an electric motor takes over; moreover, energy that would have otherwise escaped as heat is captured and stored while the car is coasting and braking.

The fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements? A) development of city-states B) rapid urbanization C) reduction in urban population D) revival of urban life E) increased trade

The fall of the Roman Empire in the fifth century A.D. brought about what change in urban settlements? D) revival of urban life

The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is A) a circle. B) a hexagon. C) a square. D) a pentagon. E) an octagon.

The geometric pattern which geographers use to represent market areas is B) a hexagon.

The largest component of the U.S. population lives in A) central cities. B) suburbs. C) nonmetropolitan areas. D) rural settlements. E) the second and third rings of the concentric zone model.

The largest component of the U.S. population lives in B) suburbs.

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Athens was the ______, which still overlooks the city. A) pyramid B) Great Pyramid C) Parthenon D) cathedral E) Ziggurat

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Athens was the ______, which still overlooks the city. C) Parthenon

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Ur was the stepped temple called the ______, which was built about 4,000 years ago. A) pyramid B) Great Pyramid C) Ziggurat D) cathedral E) Parthenon

The most prominent structure in the ancient city of Ur was the stepped temple called the ______, which was built about C) Ziggurat

The most significant anticipated benefit of the enclosure movement was to A) destroy traditional village life. B) promote agricultural efficiency. C) replace abandoned villages with new farmsteads. D) discourage urbanization. E) create an aristocracy.

The most significant anticipated benefit of the enclosure movement was to B) promote agricultural efficiency.

The most significant impact that Great Britain's enclosure movement made on the rural landscape was to A) produce more of a dispersed rural settlement pattern. B) reinforce the traditional clustered rural settlement pattern. C) discourage urbanization. D) increase the rural population. E) improve transportation.

The most significant impact that Great Britain's enclosure movement made on the rural landscape was to A) produce more of a dispersed rural settlement pattern.

The multiple nuclei theory A) involves four linked CBDs. B) includes nodes such as a port, a university, airport, and a park. C) includes a nucleus in the CBD which is connected to a nucleus in the suburbs. D) links a seaport, an airport, and a railway station. E) disregards the use of nodes.

The multiple nuclei theory B) includes nodes such as a port, a university, airport, and a park.

The process that includes subdividing a house from single-family owner occupancy to multiple occupancy, is A) blockbusting. B) filtering. C) gentrification. D) redlining. E) urban blight.

The process that includes subdividing a house from single-family owner occupancy to multiple occupancy, is B) filtering.

The strongest criticism of suburbs argued that historically, A) low-income people and minorities are unable to live in some areas because of the high cost of the housing, the unfriendliness (or discrimination) of established residents, and fears that property values would decline if minorities were allowed to buy property there. B) low-income people and minorities are able to live in some areas because of the low cost of the housing, the friendliness of established residents, and the myth that property values would decline if minorities were allowed to buy property there. C) legal devices, such as requiring several small houses to sit on a large lot of land amid several different apartments, prevented low-income families from living in many suburbs. D) low-income people and minorities are unable to live in some areas because of the high cost of the private schools there, the unfriendliness of African American and Hispanic minorities there, and the fear that property values would not change if other minorities were allowed to buy property there. E) they encouraged the buying and selling of too many automobiles.

The strongest criticism of suburbs argued that historically, A) low-income people and minorities are unable to live in some areas because of the high cost of the housing, the unfriendliness (or discrimination) of established residents, and fears that property values would decline if minorities were allowed to buy property there.

The zone in transition in U.S. cities typically contains which of the following? A) legal offices and parking lots B) skyscrapers, suburbs, agricultural land, parking lots, and restaurants C) agricultural land D) suburbs, agricultural land, parking lots, and transportation hubs E) warehouses, industry, and poorer-quality housing

The zone in transition in U.S. cities typically contains which of the following? E) warehouses, industry, and poorer-quality housing

Urban residents are generally more tolerant of _________ than are the residents of rural communities, but residents of urban settlements often feel that they are surrounded by people who are indifferent and reserved. A) discrimination B) political insiders C) tax shelters D) uniform social behavior E) diverse social behavior

Urban residents are generally more tolerant of _________ than are the residents of rural communities, but residents of urban settlements often feel that they are surrounded by people who are indifferent and reserved. E) diverse social behavior

Which of the following is considered to be a hearth of urban settlement? A) Rome B) North Africa C) southern Africa D) Australia E) Mesopotamia

Which of the following is considered to be a hearth of urban settlement? E) Mesopotamia

Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity? A) video rental store B) grocery store C) gas station D) steel mill E) travel agency

Which of the following is most likely a basic economic activity? D) steel mill

World cities are defined by A) the number and type of business services found there. B) their total population. C) their location relative to other cities. D) the number of museums, monuments, and universities they offer. E) their total population in relation to major capital cities.

World cities are defined by A) the number and type of business services found there.