Test 2
The Founding Fathers believed that all people are born with "natural rights." Which line from the Declaration of Independence BEST represents the idea of "natural rights"?
"... all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights..." !
Declaration of Independence (Natural Rights)
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."
Declaration of Independence (Social Contract)
"governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed"
Which of these is a right found in the Declaration of Independence?
"pursuit of happiness"
Magna Carta
1215-The first document to limit power of king and guarantee a person's right to due process of the law
Mayflower Compact
1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America in which the Pilgrims created a government and laws to obey
English Bill of Rights
1689-limited Kings power more, expanded power of Parliament and guaranteed individual rights
Declaration of Independence
1776 statement, issued by the Second Continental Congress, declaring independence from British rule and starting the American Revolution.
Which statement best describes a political theory of John Locke?
A government's power comes from the consent of the people.
Enlightenment
A philosophical movement that spread to the American colonies introducing social contract theory and influencing the Declaration of Independence
Rule of Law
All people, including those who govern, must obey the law
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the Declaration of Independence
Limited Monarchy
Both the Magna Carta and the English Bill of Rights contained the idea that a king should be limited by laws and a constitution
Quartering Act
British law passed after the Boston Tea Party as punishment that forced colonists to provide room and food for British soldiers
Tyranny
Cruel and oppressive government that does not protect citizens rights
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness." These are some of the opening lines of what important document?
Declaration of Independence
1776
Declaration of Independence
Enlightenment
Declaration of Independence and the "Social Contract Theory" both arose from which philosophical movement?
Baron de Montesquieu
French philosopher that wrote about the idea that government should have separation of powers
"We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness." This quote from the United States Declaration of Independence is MOST associated with which of these philosophers?
John Locke
"He has refused his Assent to Laws...He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws...He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly...." - from The Declaration of IndependenceIn these passages from The Declaration of Independence, who is the "He"?
King George III
King George III
King of England when the Declaration of Independence was signed who was very unpopular with colonists due to unfair laws and taxes
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are ____________." Which phrase completes this sentence?
Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness
The idea of an accused person's right to due process was originally found in which English document?
Magna Carta
This philosopher separated the government into three branches of government and argued for separation of powers.
Montesquieu
Natural Rights
One of the major philosophical principles in the Declaration of Independence
just powers
Powers that are fair
Common Sense
Published in early 1776, many American colonists became convinced that they should act to form a new kind of nation independent from the rule of Britain's "cruel" courts.
If you wanted to see a statement about the natural rights of all Americans, what document would be BEST for you to consult?
The Declaration of Independence
Which of these was written at the start of the American Revolution?
The Declaration of Independence
The ideas contained in the Declaration of Independence were MOST influenced by
The Social Contract Theory
Why did the American colonists favor a representative government separate from England?
The colonists were upset about being taxed without representation in Parliament.
Who is MOST responsible for writing the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
In English history, the Magna Carta (1215) and the English Bill of Rights (1689) both reinforced the concept of
a limited monarchy.
Common Sense
a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 that criticized the rule King George III of England and convinced many American colonists separate from ("break-up" with) Britain.
The "Rule of Law" states that
all people, including those who govern, must obey the law.
"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed...."- The Declaration of Independence Which term is the BEST definition of the word consent?
approval
consent
approval to do something
"Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the ___ of the governed...."- The Declaration of Independence Which term should be placed in the blank in this passage?
consent
central point of Thomas Paine's Common Sense
it pointed out the absurdity of continued loyalty to King George III.
self-evident
obvious, not needing explanation
John Locke
philosopher who wrote about the idea of a "social contract" between people and the government and also that all people have natural rights
social contract theory
political theory - people form governments for mutual protection and government rules only with the consent of those people
Unalienable Rights
rights that cannot be taken away; also known as natural rights
"For Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us...." -from The Declaration of Independence This line of The Declaration of Independence refers to the Quartering Act of 1774, which was enacted by Parliament in response to
the Boston Tea Party
The phrase in the Declaration of Independence stating "that governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed" illustrates the principle of
the Social Contract theory.
Natural Rights
the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include life, liberty, and property; main idea of the Declaration of Independence
Taxation without representation
the idea that colonists thought it was unfair to be taxed by Britain without having representation in Parliament; major reason why colonists wanted a representative government
Social Contract Theory
the idea that people form governments for their mutual protection and that government rules only by the consent of the people
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. " - Declaration of IndependenceAccording to this passage from the Declaration of Independence, who gives government the power to exist?
the people
1776
the year the Declaration of Independence was signed and the American Revolution for independence began
"Some people say that, because America has grown wealthy under Great Britain, the same will happen in the future. Nothing can be more false. . . . I answer that America would have become just as wealthy, and probably more, had no European power ever been involved."- Thomas Paine, 1776 Which of these is the MOST LIKELY purpose of this passage?
to convince the American colonies to separate from Britain
this term best describes the idea that certain rights cannot be surrendered, transferred, or taken away?
unalienable
The Mayflower Compact was unique because it
was the first example of colonial European self-government in northeastern North America.
The people
where governments get their power according to Social Contract Theory
