test 3

A nurse is caring for a client who has poison ivy and is prescribed diphenhydramine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give regarding the adverse effects of dry mouth associated with diphenhydramine?

"Chew on sugarless gum or suck on hard candy, sour candies"

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and has a prescription for glipizide (Sulfonylurea). Which of the following statements by the nurse best described the action of glipizide?

"Glipizide stimulates your pancreas to release insulin"

A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. The client asks the nurse how long it will take for the heparin to dissolve the clot. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?

"Heparin does not dissolve clots. It stops new clots from forming"

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and new prescriptions for cromolyn and albuterol, both by nebulizer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will be sure to take the albuterol before taking the cromolyn"

A patient has been taking a beta blocker for 4 weeks as part of his antianginal therapy. He also has type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism. When discussing possible adverse effects, the nurse will include which information?

"Monitor your blood glucose levels for possible hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia"

A patient has been taking digoxin at home but took an accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. The patient has been admitted to the telemetry unit, where the physician has ordered digoxin immune Fab (Digifab). The patients ask the nurse why the medication is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?

"This drug is an antidote to digoxin and will help year heart to return to normal functioning"

When teaching a patient about antihypertensive drug therapy, which statements by the nurse are correct? (Select all that apply)

"You need to have your blood pressure checked once a week and keep track of the readings." * "An exercise program may be helpful in treating hypertension, but let's check with your doctor first" * "Please continue taking the medication, even if you are feeling better"

The nurse is monitoring a patient who is taking a potassium-sparing diuretic. Which of the drugs or drug classes may have an interaction with this type of diuretic? ( Select all that apply)

**Lithium **Potassium supplements **NSAIDs **Ace inhibitors

The nurse is giving an antihistamine and will observe the patient for which side effects? (Select all that apply)

*Dizziness * "Hangover" effect * Drowsiness * Dry mouth

The nurse is administering insulin Aspart (novolog) and will keep in mind that this insulin will start to have an effect within which time frame?

15 Minutes

A nurse is preparing to infuse a 250-mL unit of packed red blood cells over 2hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtts/mL. The nurse should adjust the flow rate to deliver how many drops per minute? (Round answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

250/120 x 15 = 31.25 ---🡪 answer would be 31

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has pneumonia and a prescription for cefpodoxime 5 mg/Kg PO every 12 hr for 5 days. The client weights 88lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

88lb = 40kg--------- 5mg x 40kg = 200mg oral every 12hr

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving vasopressin (pitressin). The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective?

A decrease in Urine output

A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months states that a new persistent dry cough is very bothersome. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drug?

ACE inhibitors

A patient's medication order indicates that he is to receive dose of cosyntropin (Cortrosyn). The nurse is aware that this drug is used for which of the following condition?

Adrenal insufficiency

Spironolactone (Aldactone) is a synthetic steroid that block the action of which hormone that influences the kidney function?

Aldosterone

When giving anti-hypertensive drugs, the nurse will consider giving the first dose at bedtime for which class of drugs?

Alpha blockers such as doxazosin

After a nebulizer treatment with the beta agonist albuterol, the patient complains of feeling a little "shaky", with slight tremors of the hands. The patient's heart rate is 98 beats/min, increased from the pretreatment rate of 88 beats/min. The nurse knows that this reaction is which of these?

An expected adverse effect of the medication

When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse will follow the following procedure except:

Aspirating the syringe before injecting the medicine

A nurse is planning to administer albuterol to a 4 year old, how will the nurse evaluate effectiveness of the medication?

Auscultate breath sounds

The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor (Primacor) recognizes that this drug will have a positive inotropic effect. Which result reflects this effect?

Availability of more calcium for myocardial muscle contractions.

A nurse is providing a teaching to a client who has emphysema and a new prescription for theophylline, which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?

Avoid caffeine while taking the medication

During a teaching session for a patient on anti-thyroid drugs, the nurse will discuss which dietary instructions?

Avoid foods containing Iodine

A patient, newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism, receives a prescription for a thyroid hormone replacement drug. The nurse assesses for which potential adverse effect related to this drug?

Cardiac Arrhythmia

A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is taking digoxin daily. The client refused breakfast and is complaining of nausea and weakness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Check Clients Vital signs

When reviewing the laboratory values of a patient who is taking anti-thyroid drugs, the nurse will monitor which adverse effect?

Decreased white blood cell count

A patient is in the emergency department with a new onset of rapid-rate atrial fibrillation, and the nurse is preparing a continuous infusion. Which drug Is most appropriate for this dysrhythmia?

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

During a blood transfusion, the patient begins to have chills and back pain. What is the nurse's priority action?

Discontinue the infusion immediately, and notify the prescriber.

A calcium channel blocker is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instruction is correct?

Educate patients to watch out for adverse reaction of edema and shortness of breath

A patient with primary hypertension is prescribed drug therapy for the first time. The patient knows that treatment for hypertension is life-long. What is a primary nursing goal for hypertension treatment?

Educated on the importance of adequate management to prevent end-organ damage.

After starting treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus 6 months earlier, a patient is in the office for a follow-up examination. The nurse will monitor which laboratory test to evaluate the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy over the past few months?

Hemoglobin A1C Level

A patient has been prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) in addition to a heparin infusion. The patient asks the nurse why he has to be on two medications. The nurse response is based on which rationale?

Heparin is used to start anticoagulation so as to allow time for the blood levels of warfarin to reach adequate levels.

A patient with coronary artery disease asks the nurse the "good cholesterol" laboratory values. The nurse knows that "good cholesterol" refers to which lipids?

High density lipoproteins (HDLs)

A client diagnosed with adrenal gland hypofunction is receiving fludrocortisone (florinef) therapy. Which if the following adverse effects is expected with this drug?

Hypertension

A nurse is teaching the parents of an 8 year old child who is taking a high dose of oral prednisone for asthma. What critical information about the prednisone will be included?

I should be stopped gradually

A patient is taking Intravenous aminophylline for a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will assess for which therapeutic response?

Increased ease of breathing

When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, which of the assessment measures would best reflect the patient's fluid volume status?

Intake, Output, and Daily Weight

A patient is receiving thrombolytic therapy, and the nurse monitors the patient for adverse effects. What is the most common undesirable effect of thrombolytic therapy?

Internal and superficial bleeding

While a patient is receiving antilipemic therapy, the nurse knows to monitor the patient closely for the development of which problem?

Liver dysfunction

The nurse is preparing to administer insulin intravenously. Which statement about the administration of intravenous insulin is true?

Only regular insulin can be administered (IV)

When educating a patient recently placed on inhaled corticosteroids, the nurse will discuss which potential adverse effects?

Oral Candidiasis and dry mouth

A patient is in an urgent care center and is receiving treatment for mild hyponatremia after spending several hours doing gardening work in the heat of the day. The nurse expects that which drug therapy will be used to treat this condition?

Oral Sodium Chloride Tablets

A patient arrives at the emergency department with severs chest pain. The patient reports that the chest pain has been occurring off and on for a week now. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for cautious use of nitrates and nitrites?

Patient is currently taking sildenafil a phosphodiesterase inhibitor

Which are therapeutic effects of digoxin (Lanoxin)? Select all that apply

Positive inotropic Negative chronotropic Negative dromotropic

A patient is given a new prescription of cardiac glycosides (Digoxin) for the treatment of systolic heart failure. The nurse understands that this medication has the following advantage.

Positive inotropic drug

A patient with sever liver disease is receiving the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril. The nurse is aware that the advantage of this drug being not a prodrug is:

Prodrugs needs to be metabolized by the liver to be effective

A patient has received an overdose of intravenous heparin, and is showing signs of excessive bleeding. Which substance is the antidote for heparin overdose?

Protamine Sulfate

A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication.

Pruritus, cutaneous flushing

A nurse is preparing to administer a unit of packed red blood cells to a client, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Remain with the client for the first 15 minutes of the transfusion

When the nurse is administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, which technique is incorrect?

Remove the old ointment before new ointment is applied.

After the patient takes a dose of an inhaled corticosteroid, such as fluticasone (Flovent), what is the most important action the patient needs to do next?

Rinse out the mouth with water

The nurse will monitor a patient for signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia if the patient is taking which of these diuretics?

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

A patient has been instructed to take one enteric-coated low-dose aspirin a day as part of therapy to prevent strokes. The nurse will provide which instruction when providing patient teaching about this medication?

Take medication with 6 to 8 ounces of water and with food

When teaching a patient who will be receiving antihistamines, the nurse will include which instructions? ( select all that apply)

Take medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress Drink extra fluids if possible Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how the adverse effects are tolerated

A 62 year old man is to receive lidocaine as treatment for symptomatic dysrhythmia. Upon assessment, the nurse notes that he has a history of alcoholism and has late-stage liver failure. The nurse will expect which adjustment to his drug therapy?

The dosage will be reduced by 50%

Which of these hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland? (Select all that apply)

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Growth Hormone (GH), Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A nurse concludes that the Hydroxymethylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitor being administered to a client is effective. A decrease in what clinical finding supports this conclusion?

Triglycerides

The nurse is caring for a 6 year old child admitted from the emergency department after an acute asthma attack. The child has a new prescription for fluticasone. What instructions must the family be given about this drug before the child's discharge?

Watch for white patches in the mouth and report them to the primary healthcare provider.

The nurse is teaching a group of patients about self-administration of insulin. What content is important to include?

When mixing insulins, the clear (such as regular) insulin is drawn up into the syringe first.

The nurse knows to administer Acarbose (Precose), an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, at which time?

With the first bite of each meal