The Chemistry of Life
What is the maximum number of electrons in each of the following energy levels; third
18 electrons
What is the maximum number of electrons in each of the following energy levels; first
2 electrons
Label Energy Level
Circle that contains nucleus
Label Nucleus
Circle that contains proton and neutron
Compound/Element A substance that can be broken down in a chemical reaction.
Coumpound
Compound/Element H20, a liquid that no longer resembles either hydrogen or oxygen gas.
Coumpound
Ionic bond(s)/Covalent bond(s) Is formed when atoms share electrons.
Covalent bond(s)
Ionic bond(s)/Covalent bond(s) Results in the formation of a molecule.
Covalent bond(s)
Monosaccharide:
Glucose
Dissaccharide:
Glycogen
Ionic bond(s)/Covalent bond(s) Found in the compound NaCl.
Ionic bond(s)
Ionic bond(s)/Covalent bond(s) Increases the stability of atoms.
Ionic bond(s)/Covalent bond(s)
Label Proton
p+
True/False Only four elements-- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen--make up more than 96% of the mass of a human.
True
True/False The properties of elements are determined by the structures of their atoms.
True
True/False Unlike most substances, water expands when it freezes.
True
Is the fatty acid chain depicted saturated or unsaturated?
Unsaturated
Monosaccharide:
C6H12O6
Equation C6H12O6 + O2 -------> CO2 + H2O
C6H12O6 + (9)O2 -------> (6)CO2 + (6)H2O
What 3 elements are the main components of every diagram?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Boron has two isotopes, boron-10 and boron-11. Boron-10 has five protons and five neutrons. How many protons and neutrons does boron-11 have? Explain.
5 protons and 6 neutrons because the atomic mass is 11 there are 5 protons (atomic number). So 11-5=6 neutrons
What is the maximum number of electrons in each of the following energy levels; second
8 electrons
Polysaccharide:
Cellulose
What is the difference between an acid and a base?
Acids are H+ and bases are OH-
Dissaccharide:
C12H22O11
Compound/Element Carbon, the substance represented by the symbol C.
Element
True/False An element is a substance that can be broken down into simpler substances.
False
True/False Each element is abbreviated by a one-or two-letter formula.
False
True/False In a water molecule, electrons are shared equally between the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atom.
False
True/False Large molecules containing carbon atoms are called micromolecules.
False
True/False On Earth, about 25 elements are essential to living organisms.
False
True/False Polymers are formed by hydrolysis.
False
True/False The attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen forms a weak oxygen bond.
False
True/False Trace elements, such as iron and magnesium, are present in living things in very large amounts.
False
True/False Water changes temperature easily.
False
Monosaccharide:
Frutcose
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids Commonly called fats and oils
Lipids
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids Most consist of three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol molecule
Lipids
Lipids/Proteins/nucleic Acids Used for long-term energy storage, insulation, and protective coatings
Lipids
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids DNA and RNA
Nucleic Acids
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids Made up of nucleotides
Nucleic Acids
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids Produce proteins
Nucleic Acids
What is the molecule/structure that represents a carboxyl groups?
Protein
What is the molecule/structure that represents amino groups?
Protein
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids Contain peptide bonds
Proteins
Lipids/Proteins/Nucleic Acids Made up of amino acids
Proteins
Lipids/Proteins/nucleic Acids Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
Proteins
Polysaccharide:
Starch
Polysaccharide:
Sucrose
Why must chemical equations always balance?
The equation must conform to the law of conservation of mass
Which number indicates the number of atoms of each element in a molecule of as substance?
The subscript-bottom right number
True/False Because of its polarity, water can move from the roots from a plant up to its leaves.
True
True/False Carbon atoms can bond together in straight chains, branched chains, or rings.
True
True/False Cells use carbohydrates for energy.
True
What does the letter "R" represents in a molecule?
Variable group
When is a mixture not a solution?
When the substances are not evenly distributed
Label Electron
e-
Label Neutron
n0