The child with gastrointestinal condition
1. The nurse has admitted a child with a diagnosis of severe gastroenteritis. What should the nurse do to prevent the risk of transmitting infection to other patients? A) Wear a mask when handling articles contaminated with feces B) Follow standard precautions C) Discourage anyone from visiting D) Sterilize thermometers between patients
B
A child is scheduled for tests to diagnose pyloric stenosis. What is the pathophysiology of this disorder? A) A partial or complete intestinal obstruction occurs B) A thickened, elongated muscle causes an obstruction at the end of the stomach C) There are recurrent paroxysmal bouts of abdominal pain D) In this disorder the sphincter that leads into the stomach is relaxed
B
An infant that is nutritionally deprived is weak and seems somewhat uninterested in food. How often should the nurse plan to feed this infant? A) Every hour B) Every two or three hours C) Every four hours D) On demand
B
The nurse determines that a child has insufficient calcium in the diet and is at risk for hypocalcemia. What may be caused by hypocalcemia? A) Cardiac arrhythmias B) Neurologic damage C) Kidney failure D) Urinary tract disorders
B
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with acute appendicitis. Prior to the child going to the operating room for emergency surgery, which nursing intervention should the nurse perform? A) The nurse gives the child laxatives to evacuate the colon B) The nurse encourages the child and family to express their fears C) The nurse administers oral fluids to prevent dehydration D) The nurse applies a heating pad to the abdomen to manage pain
B
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with pyloric stenosis. Which clinical manifestation would the child most likely demonstrate with this health problem? A) Explosive diarrhea B) Projectile vomiting C) Severe abdominal pain D) Frequent urination
B
The nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with the caregiver of a child diagnosed with celiac syndrome. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching regarding the dietary restrictions for the child with celiac syndrome? A) "The soup we eat at our house is all made from scratch." B) "She loves hotdogs, and we always cut hers up into small pieces." C) "I have learned to make my own bread with no gluten." D) "Even though milk and pudding are good for her we don't give her those foods."
B
The nurse provides teaching to a group of nurses on the topic of children diagnosed with Kwashiorkor. Which statement is most accurate related to the diagnosis of Kwashiorkor? A) "These children have a severe deficiency of vitamin D." B) "It is important to increase the intake of protein for these children." C) "The highest incidence of this disease is seen in children who are adolescents." D) "The cause of this disease can be treated very simply."
B
The nurse teaching the caregivers of toddler and preschool-age children. One caregiver says that her child had diarrhea caused by giardiasis. Which caregiver statement explains the most likely situation in which the child contacted the disorder? A) "My son went to the mountains to fish with my husband before he got sick." B) "He attends a day care center four days a week while I am at work." C) "I won't let his sister take bubble baths but I do let him take one a few times a week." D) "My mother is in a nursing home but I always make the kids wash their hands before we leave her."
B
What is the purpose of the accessory organs with gastrointestinal system function? A) To secrete liquids that helps the food to be tasted as a person eats B) To aid in and to produce substances that aid in the digestive process C) To cushion and protect the digestive organs D) To decrease the secretion of acids in the digestive organs
B
When treating the child with lead poisoning what is used to remove the lead from the child's system? A) Diuretics B) Chelating agents C) Laxatives D) Emetics
B
The nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching with the caregiver of a child diagnosed with celiac syndrome. Which foods would be permitted in the diet of the child with celiac syndrome? (Select all that apply.) A) Corn flakes B) Bananas C) Skim milk D) Rye bread E) Oatmeal F) Applesauce
B C F
A 9-year-old is complaining of pain in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen, nausea, and constipation. The child has a fever of 101°F. Which nursing action should the nurse perform first? A) Give a laxative to alleviate constipation B) Place a heating pad or hot water bottle on the abdomen C) Help to find a comfortable position D) Give an analgesic such as acetaminophen
C
A young child is diagnosed with enterobiasis. Of what will this child most likely have a history? A) Bed-wetting B) Restlessness C) Perianal itching D) Malnutrition
C
T
C
The caregiver tells the nurse that her child eats things such as laundry starch, clay, paper, and paint. What does the child's behavior indicate to the nurse? A) Pica B) Invagination C) Steatorrhea D) Polyuria
C
The incidence of vitamin D deficiency in the United States is lesser than in many countries. What is the most likely reason for this? A) Many children in US take daily vitamin supplements B) The water in many towns and cities in US has vitamin D added C) Some foods in US have been fortified with vitamin D D) The amount of ultraviolet sunlight each day in US is adequate to provide needed vitamin D.
C
The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old diagnosed with pinworms. The nurse teaches the child's caregiver about proper treatment and prevention of future infections. Which caregiver statement indicates a need for further teaching? A) "I always have to remind him to wash his hands before eating." B) "We just bought a washer and dryer, and the hot water works well." C) "Thank goodness my other children and I are not sick too." D) "He hates having his nails trimmed but I will insist they are kept short."
C
The nurse is caring for a child admitted with congenital aganglionic megacolon. Which clinical manifestation would the child most likely demonstrate with this health problem? A) Prolonged bleeding B) Chronic cough C) Persistent constipation D) Irregular breathing
C
The nurse is collecting data for a child with idiopathic celiac disease. The caregiver tells the nurse that the child has bulky and greasy stools. What should the nurse suspect the child is experiencing? A) Pica B) Invagination C) Steatorrhea D) Polyuria
C
The nurse is teaching the mother of an infant about colic. What should the nurse explain as the cause of this health problem? A) A partial or complete intestinal obstruction occurs B) A thickened, elongated muscle causes an obstruction at the end of the stomach C) There are recurrent paroxysmal bouts of abdominal pain D) In this disorder the sphincter that leads into the stomach is relaxed
C
The school nurse is working with a group of teachers who teach in classrooms of children who are nutritionally deprived. Which statement indicates a problem related to decreased nutrition? A) "One of my students is taller than several of the other children in the class." B) "I am really glad that during this quarter the absence rate in my classroom has dropped." C) "Several of the children in my class have such a hard time concentrating." D) "The grades of the children in my class are higher than in the classroom next to me."
C
What should the nurse include when teaching a new mother about the gastrointestinal system of a child? A) The child's gastrointestinal system is fully matured when the child is born B) The enzymes secreted by the child's liver and pancreas are much greater in amount than in the adult C) The child cannot break down and use complex carbohydrates in the same way the adult can D) The speed with which food passes through the gastrointestinal tract in the child is much slower than in the adult
C
What should the nurse teach a group of community members as being a cause of marasmus? A) Deficiency of vitamin C and iron B) Excess of vitamin C and iron C) Deficiency of protein and calories D) Excess of protein and calories
C
Which classification of medication will the nurse most likely provide to a child with a pinworm infection? A) Anticoagulants B) Anticonvulsants C) Anthelmintics D) Antipyretics
C
The nurse arrives at a patient's home for a visit and sees one of the small children chewing several pieces of something white. The child is also drooling and crying and a container that looks like an empty pill bottle is on the floor. What should the nurse do first? A) Call 911 for emergency help B) Ask the poison control center about an antidote C) Give the child syrup of ipecac to induce vomiting D) Remove the substance from the child's mouth
D
The nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis recovering from a pyloromyotomy. What is the most appropriate way for the nurse to position the infant during the recovery period? A) Allow the parents to hold the infant B) Place the infant on his back C) Lay the infant on his stomach D) Place on the side
D
The nurse is collecting data from the caregivers of a child who is suspected of having a food allergy. Which clinical manifestations would likely have been seen in this child? A) Restlessness and irritability B) Blinking and twitching of the mouth C) Nasal discharge and sneezing D) Urticaria and pruritus
D
The nurse is collecting data on a 2½-year-old child admitted with a diagnosis of gastroenteritis. When interviewing the caregivers, which question would be most important for the nurse to ask? A) "How many times a day does your child urinate?" B) "How long has your child been toilet trained?" C) "Tell me about the types of stools your child has been having." D) "What foods has your child eaten during the last few days."
D
The nurse is discussing the diagnosis of intussusception with a group of peers. Which statement is accurate regarding this disorder? A) There is a telescoping of the lower part of the bowel up over the upper part of the bowel B) The disorder is seen most often in female infants under the age of 3 months C) The infant is pale, cries weakly, and has spasms of pain continuously D) The stools of the infant are called currant jelly stools and consist of blood and mucus
D
The nurse is planning care for a child with a diagnosis of pyloric stenosis during the preoperative phase. Which goal has the highest priority at this time? A) Preparing family for home care B) Promoting comfort C) Maintaining skin integrity D) Improving hydration
D
The nurse is preparing an educational session for new parents on the gastrointestinal system of the newborn. Besides the stomach and intestines, which other organs will the nurse include in this teaching? A) A protective cushion lining the organs B) Nerves throughout the abdomen C) The brain and spinal cord D) The pharynx and esophagus
D
The nurse is teaching a group of nurses on the topic of gastrointestinal disorders. Which statement is most accurate related to the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux (GER)? A) A partial or complete intestinal obstruction occurs B) A thickened, elongated muscle causes an obstruction at the end of the stomach C) There are recurrent paroxysmal bouts of abdominal pain D) In this disorder the sphincter that leads into the stomach is relaxed
D
What should the nurse teach a new mother about the role of the endocrine system? A) Regulates insulin B) Produces enzymes C) Absorbs nutrients D) Secretes hormones
D
The nurse is determining which foods should be added to a child's diet to increase the intake of vitamin C. Which foods are high in vitamin C? (Select all that apply) A) Strawberries B) Potatoes C) Peas D) Fish sticks E) Cottage cheese F) Bagels
a, b, c
A child is being admitted with the diagnosis of congenital aganglionic megacolon. What information should the nurse recall about this disorder before caring for the patient? A) It is a partial or complete intestinal obstruction B) A thickened, elongated muscle causes an obstruction at the end of the stomach C) There are recurrent paroxysmal bouts of abdominal pain D) In this disorder the sphincter that leads into the stomach is relaxed
A
A child who is nutritionally deprived is diagnosed with beriberi. The nurse should focus teaching with the caregivers on which vitamin? A) Thiamine B) Vitamin C C) Niacin D) Iron
A
In which body structure does the digestive process begin? A) Mouth B) Stomach C) Small intestine D) Large intestine
A
The caregivers of a child newly diagnosed with diabetes express concern that they won't remember the different signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. What should the nurse do? A) Instruct them to treat the reaction as if it's hypoglycemia, which is more likely B) Repeat the signs and symptoms over and over until they seem to understand C) Suggest that the child wear an insulin pump for continuous insulin administration D) Give the caregivers educational pamphlets and videos about diabetes
A
The mother of a newborn asks why a baby needs small feedings at frequent intervals. What should the nurse explain to the mother? A) The enzymes secreted by the liver and pancreas are reduced B) Food moves more slowly through the GI tract C) The pylorus has not been fully formed D) Peristaltic action is absent in the lower portion of the bowel
A
The nurse is discussing the treatment of congenital aganglionic megacolon with the caregivers of a child diagnosed with this disorder. Which statement best explains the treatment for this diagnosis? A) "The treatment for the disorder will be a surgical procedure." B) "Your child will be treated with oral iron preparations to correct the anemia." C) "We will give enemas until clear and then teach you how to do these at home." D) "Your child will receive counseling so the underlying concerns will be addressed."
A
The nurse is doing dietary teaching with the caregivers of a child diagnosed with idiopathic celiac disease. Of the following foods, which would most likely be appropriate in the child's diet? A) Bananas B) Toast C) Oatmeal D) Potatoes
A
What is the most common source of lead poisoning in children? A) Paint used in older homes B) Juice stored in glass jars C) Water purchased in plastic jugs D) Toys painted with spray paint
A
The nurse is teaching a new mother about food allergies. Which foods are frequently the cause of a food allergy? (Select all that apply.) A) Eggs B) Broccoli C) Corn D) Oranges E) Grapes F) Soybeans
A C D F
