Unit 3 psych

Finn is the manager of a firm. He tends to give more opportunities to female employees than to male employees. He believes that women do their work more honestly than men. He also makes remarks such as "Women are highly intuitive" and "Women possess beauty with brains." As a result, the male employees in Finn's firm suffer from inferiority complex. In the context of prejudice, this scenario illustrates ________.

benevolent sexism

In the context of psychology, which of the following illustrates aggression?

Maria hits Ethan because he refuses to lend her money.

Jason fights with young children on the school playground to gain the attention and respect of his friends. This most clearly suggests that his aggression is:

a learned response

Paul is a tolerant White male. When he meets Bill, an African American, Paul assumes that Bill will view him as an arrogant and spoiled White man. Paul's belief is an example of:

a meta-stereotype

Samkelo is the only Black employee in his workplace. Though he is competent, his White colleagues as well as his boss consider him dull and incapable of good performance. Samkelo is anxious and under tremendous pressure. Consequently, he is unable to meet his target and his productivity is low. In the context of psychology, Samkelo seems to have responded to ________.

a stereotype threat

Jay believes that all Muslims are violent extremists. This is an example of:

a steryotype

Nathan, a young adult, posts some hate messages about a particular community using a fake profile he created on a social networking website. Police find it difficult to trace him immediately as his declared information is wrong. Which of the following factors would have most likely encouraged Nathan's act?

anonymity

Which of the following comments is most likely to be made in a group characterized by groupthink?

"We have been in agreement on matters in the past and I hope that will continue."

Which of the following is an example of desensitization?

Allison watches boxing tournaments frequently and does not mind seeing people in a fist fight.

When people experience a loss of self-awareness as well as evaluation apprehension, they are in a state of:

deindividuation

"Mindguards" protect group leaders from:

disagreeable facts.

After arguing with her boyfriend over telephone, Roberta throws the phone across the room. This behavior most clearly demonstrates:

displacement

Caleb, a research student at a university, studies the pattern of solar eclipses along with his friends. However, he does not put much effort into the study and avoids researching for long hours. On the other hand, his friends put a lot of effort in the study, but their performances are not individually identifiable. In this scenario, Caleb most likely exemplifies the role of a ________.

free rider

Logan, a middle-aged man, has conservative political views. He joins a conservative group in his neighborhood and participates in its activities. Over the years, he becomes more conservative due to the group's influence. According to social psychologists, Logan most likely exemplifies ________ in this scenario.

group polarization

Oscar gets drunk at a party and starts arguing with one of the other guests that death penalty is better than capital punishment. The other guest holds a contrasting view about the topic. They get into a heated argument. Oscar gets angry and shoves the other person to injure him. In the context of psychology, this scenario illustrates ________.

hostile agression

According to Brown and Paulus (2002), which of the following ways enhances group brainstorming?

incorporate electronic brainstorming

Betty and Tina are in the third grade. They have been chosen for their school team to participate in a math competition against other local schools. They are excited on the morning of the competition because they both believe that their team is going to win since they are the better team. The girls' belief best illustrates:

ingroup bias

Sophie bullies and physically abuses Wen, her junior, in school so that she will be feared as well as respected by other juniors. She also hopes to be popular by behaving in this manner. In the context of psychology, Sophie's behavior exemplifies ________.

instrumental agression

Julio is a directive leader of a highly cohesive student group on campus. When discussing important policy decisions, the group will be at greatest risk for groupthink if it is:

isolated from dissenting viewpoints.

Mary tells you that the reason people live in poverty is because they are lazy. Mary's thinking is an example of the ________ phenomenon.

just-world

A state police force has set a height requirement of 5 feet 10 inches for all officers. This requirement is irrelevant to job effectiveness but generally excludes Hispanics and Asians from the force. Such a requirement most clearly reflects:

racism

Ava is a senior employee in a technology-based company and earns well. She rents a house in a locality that is mainly inhabited by entrepreneurs. Though she owns a tastefully decorated apartment and a car, she gets disheartened when she sees picturesque villas in her neighborhood. She feels frustrated because she feels she is less well-off than those around her. In the context of aggression, this scenario exemplifies ________.

relative deprivation

Martina is an adolescent. Her friends do not include her in birthday parties and get-togethers. They make fun of her and verbally abuse her because she is overweight. Martina feels depressed and offended and contemplates suicide. In the context of psychology, this scenario exemplifies ________.

social agression

Chloe, a 25-year-old woman, tends to eat more food when she dines with her friends than when she eats alone. Which of the following phenomenon explains Chloe's eating habits?

social facilitation

Your psychology professor has assigned group projects to your class. She has chosen to individually grade each student's contribution to the assignment as an attempt to reduce:

social loafing

Madison's parents comment that the new family in the neighborhood are Black and represent "professional, middle-class Blacks." Madison's parents are engaging in:

subgrouping

It was raining and Jessie's car had a flat tire. After she managed to fix it, she arrived home late and found that someone had parked in her assigned parking spot. When she entered her apartment, she kicked her pet cat. Jessie's behavior can perhaps be easily explained in terms of:

the frustration-aggression theory.

Albert sees a lot of difference between his fraternity brothers but thinks that all sorority girls are the same. Albert's beliefs are best explained by:

the outgroup homogeneity effect

In the context of prejudice, which of the following exemplifies discrimination?

Beatriz refuses to share her hostel room with a girl belonging to a minority population.

"Playing violent video games allows people to safely express their aggressive tendencies and get their anger out." This statement is most clearly consistent with the ________ hypothesis.

catharsis