Unit 3
Janine works for a gift-wrapping service. During a typical eight-hour work day, Janine wraps 52 gifts. What is her productivity rate?
6.5 gifts per hour
Which of the following statements regarding federations is true:
A union federation consists of several national unions of different kinds
To reduce the chance of investigations and orders to cease production, businesses should
Adhere to government regulations
A union worker who is just beginning in the occupation is referred to as a(n)
Apprentice
A non-pressure strategy that unions and management can use to reach agreement is
Arbitration
An advantage to companies of unionization is
Assistance in recruitment
Members of Local 999 have refused to buy products made by their company. This is an example of
Boycotting
A way to find and sort potential problem causes
Cause and effect diagram
A form for collecting data on the spot
Check sheet
David, an assembly-line worker, has a sheet of paper at his station to record the number of defective products he finds during his shift. This paper is called a
Check sheet
Union and management officials are meeting next week to determine the terms and conditions that will be provided to employees. This process is known as
Collective bargaining
Sharing business goals and objectives with workers is a method of increasing productivity through
Communication
Performing the stages of product design and development simultaneously
Concurrent engineering
Which of the following quality-control methods improves quality by saving time and allowing potential problems to be caught earlier in the product design and development process:
Concurrent engineering
A key tool in statistical process control is the
Control chart
The United Association of Plumbers and Pipefitters is an example of a(n)
Craft/trade union
One way that the productivity of a business can be measured is by
Dividing the dollar value of total sales by the costs of making those sales
"Big Q" focuses on
Exceeding customer expectations
Which of the following is an advantage to workers of having a union represent them:
Fair treatment of employees
Which of the following quality-control tools is used to analyze a sequence of events and find relationships within it:
Flow chart
A disadvantage to workers of having a union represent them is that they
Have to pay union dues
Which of the following quality-management tools helps managers determine whether or not a product meets customer needs:
House of quality matrix
Which of the following is a widely used set of quality-management standards:
ISO 9000
A fishbone diagram is a quality-control tool used to
Identify cause and effect
A positive effect that productivity has on a business is helping it
Increase sales and profits
Unions that do not belong to a federation are known as __________ unions.
Independent
Though employees who work for auto companies hold a variety of different jobs, they may all belong to the same union—the United Auto Workers. This is an example of a(n) __________ union.
Industrial
The equipment, ingredients, and employee labor at a restaurant are all
Inputs
Which of the following is a true statement regarding the Taguchi method:
It requires a lot of time, effort, and money in the beginning
A disadvantage to companies of unionization is that
Job promotions are based on seniority rather than ability
Which of the following labor issues is most affected by the use of technology:
Job security
Union members join up at what level of a union?
Local
When union members of Local 654 arrived at work today, they found a sign on the door stating that the business had closed temporarily, and the employees were not allowed to work. This is a pressure strategy known as a(n)
Lockout
What aspect of collective bargaining signals the successful end of negotiations?
Management and union leaders have reached a tentative agreement
Lean production focuses on
Maximizing customer value while minimizing waste
How does increased business productivity benefit consumers?
More goods and services become available, so prices go down
What is a method that managers can use to motivate employees?
Offering performance-based financial rewards
Workers in your company have decided to join a union. As a member of management, which form of union representation will you encourage?
Open shop
Which of the following is considered the worst of the seven wastes identified in lean production:
Overproduction
Which of the following quality-management tools helps managers determine which problems need immediate attention:
Pareto chart
Even though Brad isn't a manager, his boss encourages him to give his input on issues affecting the company. Brad's boss is using
Participative decision-making
A focus on how things are done, rather than just outcomes, is known as
Process orientation
Supervising business and manufacturing processes to ensure quality and efficiency is a quality-control method known as
Process performance management
Failure to focus on quality management may result in
Product recalls
The amount and value of outputs produced from set amounts of resources are known as
Productivity
Actors and athletes belong to what types of unions?
Professional unions
Which of the following is an example of using capital investment to increase productivity:
Purchasing new computers
Fair salaries and wages, competitive benefits, and safe and healthful working conditions are all important in creating a good
Quality of work life
Which of the following quality-control tools is a graphical representation of two variables that is used to determine cause and effect:
Scatter diagram
Why is the productivity of service businesses measured differently than that of manufacturing businesses?
Service businesses are concerned about the appropriateness of their products
Research and development speed up production by
Simplifying existing products
All night-shift workers at a hotel have reported for work, but they are refusing to do their assigned jobs. What kind of pressure strategy is being used by the workers?
Sit-down strike
A company produces only one type of shoe, since this is the product it is best able to produce with its resources. This is an example of
Specialization
Using statistics to determine if a process is working properly or not
Statistical process control
Long-term thinking
Strategic
Local 476 of the UAW walked off the job in support of Local 477 of the UAW, which was striking. This is known as a __________ strike.
Sympathetic
"Little Q" is a __________ way of thinking.
Tactical
Short-term thinking
Tactical
Gross domestic product per capita is a measure of
The average worker's productivity
A histogram shows
The distribution of a variable
Why do unions and management experience conflicts?
They both want to keep the business operating but have different ideas about how to reach that goal
Why are unions a powerful force in business?
They organize workers into a single bargaining unit and increase their bargaining power
Why are better trained and educated workers often more productive?
They tend to be more organized and able to manage their time wisely
What is the primary responsibility of a national union?
To assist in contract negotiations for all its local unions
Why should productivity be measured?
To see whether the business's objectives are being met
"Big Q" is also known as
Total quality management
The degree of unionization in the United States varies based on a business's
Type of industry and geographical location
Which of the following types of legal union representation is preferred by unions in states without right-to-work laws:
Union shops
A factory that mass produces clothing increases productivity because it reduces
Wasted resources
Another term for quality is
excellence
Lack of standardization occurs when
tasks and processes are done differently every time
