Unit 5: Operating Systems

I/O Controller

. Program responsible for tracking all devices

Command Line

A command-line interface or command language interpreter (CLI), also known as command-line user interface, console user interface and character user interface (CUI), is a means of interacting with a computer program where the user (or client) issues commands to the program in the form of successive lines of text Firewall

Macintosh

A popular model of computer made by Apple Computer. Introduced in 1984, the Macintosh features a graphical user interface (GUI) that utilizes windows, icons, and a mouse to make it relatively easy for novices to use the computer productively.

Licensing

A software license is a legal instrument (usually by way of contract law, with or without printed material) governing the use or redistribution of software.

Word processors

A word processor allows you to write a letter, design a flyer, and create many other types of documents.

Bites

Abbreviation for binary term, a unit of storage capable of holding a single character.

Windows

Created in the mid 1980's, Preloaded on computers, commercial software, Latest releases Windows 10 (2015), Windows 8 (2012), Windows 7 (2009)

Data management

Data management is the practice of organizing and maintaining data processes to meet ongoing information lifecycle needs.

Linux

Family open-source OS, Can be modified and distributed by anyone, It is FREE, Has various versions available

Traffic controller

Keeps tracks of processor and status of process

Process Scheduling

OS is deciding which process gets the processor, when and for how long

Operating System

The software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals.

Virtual Machine

a computer file, typically called an image, that behaves like an actual computer.

Hard drive

a high-capacity, self-contained storage device containing a read-write mechanism plus one or more hard disks, inside a sealed unit. Also called hard disk drive.

status bar

a horizontal window at the bottom of a parent window in which an application can display various kinds of status information.

Drivers

a program that controls the operation of a device such as a printer or scanner

Unix

a widely used multiuser operating system.

IOS

an operating system used for mobile devices manufactured by Apple Inc. such as ipods, ipads, and iphones

Speed

clock speed refers to the number of pulses per second generated by an oscillator that sets the tempo for the processor. Clock speed is usually measured in MHz (megahertz, or millions of pulses per second) or GHz (gigahertz, or billions of pulses per second).

Oracle

database is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose of a database is to store and retrieve related information.

Open source

denoting software for which the original source code is made freely available and may be redistributed and modified.

Allocate

distribute (resources or duties) for a particular purpose.

menu bar

is a graphical control element which contains drop-down menus.

Driver

is a group of files that enable one or more hardware devices to communicate with the computer's operating system

Application software

is a program or group of programs designed for end users.

Control Panel

is a software module used to perform administrative and management operating system tasks and/or provide access to specific software features.

Applications

is a software program that runs on your computer. Web browsers, e-mail programs, word processors, games, and utilities are all applications.

VM Ware

is a virtualization and cloud computing software provider

Memory Management

manages main or primary memory Allocates the memory when a process requests it to do so. De-allocates the memory when a process no longer needs it or has been terminated.

Graphical user interface

or GUI (pronounced gooey) allows you to use your mouse and click icons, buttons, menus, and things are displayed on the screen using graphics and text.

Backup

or data backup, or the process of backing up, refers to the copying into an archive file of computer data so it may be used to restore the original after a data loss event.

Commercial Software

or seldom payware, is computer software that is produced for sale or that serves commercial purposes. Commercial software can be proprietary software or free and open-source software.

Disable

put out of action

Memory

refers to the computer hardware integrated circuits that store information for immediate use in a computer; it is synonymous with the term "primary storage". ... There are two main kinds of semiconductor memory, volatile and non-volatile.

De-Allocate

return (allocated memory) to the store of available RAM.

Patch

s a set of changes to a computer program or its supporting data designed to update, fix, or improve it.

User interface

the means by which the user and a computer system interact, in particular the use of input devices and software.

Encryption

the process of converting information or data into a code, especially to prevent unauthorized access

Information technology

the study or use of systems (especially computers and telecommunications) for storing, retrieving, and sending information.