Unusual properties of water test

Water sticking to other substances

Adhesion

A negative ion

Anion

hydrophobic

Are nonpolar molecules hydrophobic or hydrophilic?

water sticking to water

Cohesion

between nonmetals and nonmetals. electrons are shared. they can be polar ( not equally shared electrons) or nonpolar (equally shared electrons)

Covalent bonds

a substance made of one type of atom and cannot be broken down by chemical reactions

Element

The heat energy being continually added to a pot of water during boiling is used to break the bonds of attraction (hydrogen bonds) between water molecules so that each individual water molecule may change from a liquid to gas state

Explain what the energy is used for that is heating the water at the boiling temperature

hydrogen bonds that hold water molecules together so tightly that the surface acts like a membrane.

High surface tension

Oxygen has eight protons in the nucleus and hydrogen has one. Since oxygen has more protons it is hungry for electrons (high electronegativity) this pull creates the polarity of charges.

How does the size of oxygen's nucleus affect the distribution of electron in the water molecule?

The temperature of the air near big bodies of water is more moderate than air that is not near bodies of water.

How does waters specific heat impact our climate?

one or two hydrogen bonds with other water molecules

How many hydrogen bonds are in water?

water loving substances

Hydrophilic

fearing water

Hydrophobic

A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions

Ionic bond

form between metals and nonmetals. the metal gives a electron to become positively charged and the nonmetal takes the electron to become negatively charged.

Ionic bonds

atom or molecule with an electrical charge

Ions

less

Is ice more or less dense than water?

hydrophobic

Is oil hydrophobic or hydrophilic

Higher

Is the specific of water higher or lower compared to other liquids?

No, it dissolves so much of what it comes into contact with.

Is water found pure in nature? why?

Share their electrons equally. Carbon & Hydrogen share electrons equally. No charges in non polar molecule. All molecules made of Carbon and Hydrogen only are non polar.

Nonpolar substance

the process in which plants take carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil and rearranges it using light energy to make the sugar glucose and waste product oxygen gas.

Photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Photosynthesis equation

what is formed from a chemical reaction

Product

The starting substances in a chemical reaction

Reactant

A substance that is dissolved in a solution

Solute

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

Solvent

the fact that water is sticky

What are all the properties of water due to?

Anything polar or ionic

What can water dissolve?

Salts

What do all ionic bonds form?

make them attracted to water

What do the electrical charges of polar or ionic substances do?

96% of living matter

What does carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen make up?

table salt

What does ionic bonding form?

the unequal distribution of charges on the water molecule make it a polar molecule.

What does it mean to be a polar molecule?

It connects water molecules making the water sticky and very cohesive.

What does the hydrogen bonding do?

It reduces the temperature fluctuations in living organisms

What does the property of high specific heat reduce?

It means it's takes longer for bodies of water to freeze in the winter, allowing living things more time to adjust to the change.

What does waters high heat of fusion mean?

The ability of water the climb up a narrow tube even against gravity.

What is capillary action?

the amount of heat energy required to change water into gas

What is heat of vaporization?

When water absorbs a large amount of energy to raise its temperature 1 degree on the celsius scale.

What is high specific heat?

100 degrees Celsius

What is the boiling point of water?

slightly positive

What is the charge of hydrogen in H20?

slightly negative

What is the charge of the oxygen in H20?

Changes in density

What is the fifth property of water

H20

What is the formula of water?

0 degrees Celsius

What is the freezing point of water?

The energy that must be removed from a given weight before it freezes

What is the heat of fusion?

4 and it only occurs in solid ice

What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that can be made?

two hydrogen atoms

What is the oxygen atom bomded to?

temperature

What is the state of matter dependent on?

covalent bonds

What kind of bond is oxygen bonded to?

In liquid water/solid ice water molecules are held together by hydrogen bonding. This bonding forms between the partially negative oxygen end of H20 and the partially positive end of the second H20 molecule.

What kinds of bonds can form between two adjacent water molecules?

each water molecule is hydrogen bonded to four other molecules.

What type of bonding only happens in solid ice? why?

All living things underwater would die

What would happen if ice didn't float?

because nonpolar molecules that are small can dissolve to an extent like gas and carbon dioxide so that the oxygen gas and carbon dioxide can dissolve into the water

Why can aquatic animals and plants live underwater?

because it can absorb a lot of heat energy without its temperature increasing by much

Why is water a good moderator of temperature?

equal to the number of protons plus neutrons

atomic mass

the number of protons

atomic number

a positive ion

cation

The process in which stores energy in glucose is changed to the chemical energy of ATP. it releases food molecules with the help of oxygen gas.

cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

cellular respiration equation

Little energy

does is take little or more energy to evaporate a little bit of water?

different forms of the same element. number of neutrons vary so weights are different.

isotopes (C-11 etc.)

molecule in which opposite ends have opposite electric charges

polar molecule

It has a high specific heat

what do scientists say about water?

high heat capacity

what is the fourth property water

Cohesion and adhesion/ capillary action

what is the second property of water

high surface tension

what is the third property water

Hydration shells (table salt in water) (sodium chloride)

what structures form when water molecules surrounds individual ions?

it is a universal solvent

when is the first property water

in the nucleus

where is the mass of an atom found?