URINARY SYSTEM

A fatty mass that surrounds each kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall

, adipose capsule

Every ____ hours your kidneys filter about ____gallons of blood and produce about ½ of urine

24 and 48

The blood is under high pressure as it enters the glomerulus which forces water, sugars, vitamins, amino acids, waste products, salts, and ions from the blood and into the section of the renal tube called ________________________

Bowman's capsule

how long is a males urethra?

around 8 inches

where are the kidneys located

at the base of the rib-cage on the posterior side of the body.

why is the right kidney slightly lower than the left?

because it is crowded by the liver

A smooth, collapsible, muscular sac that stores urine temporarily

bladder

the urethra is about 1.5 inches long; its opening is anterior to the vaginal opening and its function is to releas urine to the outside of the body

female urethra

process of filtering blood in the glomerulus

filtration

where is the urinary bladder located

in the pelvis just behind the pubis symphysis

the urethra is about 8 inches long; it opens at the tip of the penis after traveling down its length; it has a dual role in males- to release urine and semen to the outside of the body ; in males it is part of the urinary and reproductive systems

male urethra

brings blood toward the kidney that has waste in it

renal artery

a transparent and fibrous tool that encloses each kidney and gives a fresh kidney a glistening appearance

renal capsul

the outer region of the kidney; light in color

renal cortex

name the three regions of the kidney

renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pelvis

true or false ?Urine that contains more solutes is a deeper yellow and urine that has less solutes is a pale, straw color

true

reabsorption in reverse; the kidney follows up with a second filtration process removing drugs and regulating blood pH

tubular reabsorption

where are the kidneys located

under the ribcage on the posterior side of the body

slender tubes that are about 10 to 12 inches in length. The connect the kidney to the bladder and are a passageway for formed urine

ureters

which organ connects the kidneys to the bladders?

ureters

thin walled tube that carries urine by peristalsis from the bladder to the outside of the body

urethra

true or false? the urethra is longer in women than in men

false

what are the two main structures of a nephron

glomerulus, and renal tubule

continuously cleanse the blood and adjust its composition so the body has a rich blood supply

kidney

what are all the organs of the urinary system

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

The liquid forced into Bowman's Capsule passes through a narrow U-shaped tube called the ___________________

loop of henle

the act of emptying the bladder

micturition

Each kidney contains over a million tiny structures called ________________ they are the structural, functional unit of kidneys and are responsible for forming urine.

nephrons

inside of the renal cortex; a darker reddish brown area, contains many triangle shaped areas called the medullary pyramids

renal medulla

a flat, basin like cavity; contains cup shaped areas that enclose the tips of the pyramids and collect the urine; continuous with the ureters.

renal pelvis

takes the freshly filtered blood away from the kidney and out to the rest of the blood supply

renal vein

what protects the kidneys

ribcage

What can happen to the kidneys if someone loses too much weight too quickly?

the kidneys to drop lower, creates kinks , urine cant pass through the bladder.

the liquid that remains in the tubule after the needed materials have been reabsorbed; composed of excess water, waste molecules, and excess ions

urine

how long is a females urethra

1.5 inches

how much urine can a bladder hold

2 liters

how many sphincters control the flow of urine outside of the body

2 sphincters

how long does it take to filter all of the bodies blood

4 minutes

how big is an adult kidney

5 inches long 2.5 inches wide and 1 inch thick

what percentage of materials filtered out are returned to the blood

99%