URINARY SYSTEM
A fatty mass that surrounds each kidney and helps hold it in place against the muscles of the trunk wall
, adipose capsule
Every ____ hours your kidneys filter about ____gallons of blood and produce about ½ of urine
24 and 48
The blood is under high pressure as it enters the glomerulus which forces water, sugars, vitamins, amino acids, waste products, salts, and ions from the blood and into the section of the renal tube called ________________________
Bowman's capsule
how long is a males urethra?
around 8 inches
where are the kidneys located
at the base of the rib-cage on the posterior side of the body.
why is the right kidney slightly lower than the left?
because it is crowded by the liver
A smooth, collapsible, muscular sac that stores urine temporarily
bladder
the urethra is about 1.5 inches long; its opening is anterior to the vaginal opening and its function is to releas urine to the outside of the body
female urethra
process of filtering blood in the glomerulus
filtration
where is the urinary bladder located
in the pelvis just behind the pubis symphysis
the urethra is about 8 inches long; it opens at the tip of the penis after traveling down its length; it has a dual role in males- to release urine and semen to the outside of the body ; in males it is part of the urinary and reproductive systems
male urethra
brings blood toward the kidney that has waste in it
renal artery
a transparent and fibrous tool that encloses each kidney and gives a fresh kidney a glistening appearance
renal capsul
the outer region of the kidney; light in color
renal cortex
name the three regions of the kidney
renal cortex, renal medulla, renal pelvis
true or false ?Urine that contains more solutes is a deeper yellow and urine that has less solutes is a pale, straw color
true
reabsorption in reverse; the kidney follows up with a second filtration process removing drugs and regulating blood pH
tubular reabsorption
where are the kidneys located
under the ribcage on the posterior side of the body
slender tubes that are about 10 to 12 inches in length. The connect the kidney to the bladder and are a passageway for formed urine
ureters
which organ connects the kidneys to the bladders?
ureters
thin walled tube that carries urine by peristalsis from the bladder to the outside of the body
urethra
true or false? the urethra is longer in women than in men
false
what are the two main structures of a nephron
glomerulus, and renal tubule
continuously cleanse the blood and adjust its composition so the body has a rich blood supply
kidney
what are all the organs of the urinary system
kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
The liquid forced into Bowman's Capsule passes through a narrow U-shaped tube called the ___________________
loop of henle
the act of emptying the bladder
micturition
Each kidney contains over a million tiny structures called ________________ they are the structural, functional unit of kidneys and are responsible for forming urine.
nephrons
inside of the renal cortex; a darker reddish brown area, contains many triangle shaped areas called the medullary pyramids
renal medulla
a flat, basin like cavity; contains cup shaped areas that enclose the tips of the pyramids and collect the urine; continuous with the ureters.
renal pelvis
takes the freshly filtered blood away from the kidney and out to the rest of the blood supply
renal vein
what protects the kidneys
ribcage
What can happen to the kidneys if someone loses too much weight too quickly?
the kidneys to drop lower, creates kinks , urine cant pass through the bladder.
the liquid that remains in the tubule after the needed materials have been reabsorbed; composed of excess water, waste molecules, and excess ions
urine
how long is a females urethra
1.5 inches
how much urine can a bladder hold
2 liters
how many sphincters control the flow of urine outside of the body
2 sphincters
how long does it take to filter all of the bodies blood
4 minutes
how big is an adult kidney
5 inches long 2.5 inches wide and 1 inch thick
what percentage of materials filtered out are returned to the blood
99%
