US Government Chapter 2-1 and 2-2 Quizzes

bicameral

2 chambers; Congress has the Senate and the House of Representatives

Common Sense

A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be an independent nation

Royal Colony

Directly controlled by the king through an appointed governor

Charter Colony

English colony that was largely self-governing with little interference from England

"No taxation without representation"

Issue: colonists didn't have reps in Parliament, thought taxed job of colonial assemblies because that was where elected reps were

Locke

Life, Liberty, and Property

Petition of Right

No imprisonment without due cause; no taxes levied without Parliament's consent; soldiers not housed in private homes; no martial law during peace time.

New England Confederation

Plymouth, Connecticut, Massachusetts Bay, and New Haven colonies with common purpose to defend against threats from Native Americans and Dutch colonies

Representative Government

Power is held by the people and exercised through the efforts of representatives elected by the people.

Iroquois Confederation

Powerful alliance of six Native American nations

Albany Plan of Union

based on Iroquois confed. ; called for council of representatives appointed by the colonial assemblies and a president general appointed by king with power to control trade, raise armies, build settlements, and equip fleets

Proprietary Colony

based on grant of land by English monarch to a proprietor, individual, or group who financed the start of the colony

ancient Greece and Rome

common good

adam smith

economic freedom and property rights

Declaration of Independence purpose:

explain to world why we were splitting with Britain

Rosseau

government exits by will of people

Individual rights

government should protect individual and property rights

what was the French and Indian War a catalyst for?

independence movement

Committees of Correspondence

kept other colonies informed of events in Boston

Magna Carta

kings & queens had to obey English laws, king needed nobles approval to levy taxes, and right to trial by jury of peers

House of commons

lower chamber, lesser officials, and local representatives

Stamp Act Congress

meeting between 9/13 colonies to form united response to tax => send pretition to king declaring loyalty and right to taxation by elected representatives

English Bill of Rights

must have Parliaments consent to enact laws, raise taxes, or keep an army; members of Parliament guaranteed free speech; all people protection from cruel and unusual punishment

Olive Branch Petition

pledged loyalty to the king and requested his intervention in curbing Parliament's abusive exercise of power

Stamp Act 1765

requires government stamp on paper goods and all legal documents.

Sons of Liberty

secret society set up to protest, many members businessmen

Montesquieu

separation of powers

1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

set laws that limited the power of government and gave all free men the right to choose people to serve as judges

house of lords

upper chamber, nobles (Dukes, Barons, etc.)