VTNE-HESI Exam

A dog has snail bait poisoning (metaldehyde) and presents with seizures. His temperature is 109F, and you begin cooling techniques while the veterinarian treats the seizures. At what temperature should you stop trying to cool him?

103F

The Triadan numbering system is commonly used in human and veterinary dentistry to specify a tooth. What is the correct number of the permanent right maxillary canine tooth of a dog or cat?

104

What is the maximum number of focal points that are recommended for use in ultrasound?

2

What is the normal respiratory rate of rabbits?

35-60 breaths/min

Aspirin may be safely used in cats as an NSAID, but it should be noted that its half-life in this species is approximately:

40 hours

When scrubbing in for a surgery, the minimum time for a scrub is which of the following?

5 minutes

At what age should pigs be castrated?

5-14 days

What is the maximum amount of oral fluids that a horse should receive at a time?

6-8 liters

What is the normal rectal temperature for a horse?

99-101.5F

Which of the following is a clinical symptom of thromboemboli in cats?

Acute onset of rear leg pain

Which disease can cause a severe bradycardia that could be life-threatening?

Addison's Disease

Which of the following is detrimental to a patient with limited mobility?

Adjusting position as little as possible to prevent pain

Which material is used to record impressions or imprints of the teeth for orthodontic evaluation?

Alginate

Clonic spasm refers to:

Alternating spasm and muscle relaxation

Which of the following drugs is used to treat feline hypertension?

Amlodipine

Which of these is an effective drug to induce emesis in the dog?

Apomorphine

Patients with myasthenia gravis may also suffer from megaesophagus and regurgitation. These patients are at increased risk for:

Aspiration

Which of the following factors is most important in the nutritional management of inflammatory skin disorders?

Assessment of current foods being fed and identification of an appropriate feeding plan

When anesthetizing a rabbit for anesthesia, which vein is most often used?

Auricular

During triage, which patient should be attended to first? A. Dog with a penetrating wound of the abdomen B. Cat in respiratory arrest C. Cat with an intestinal foreign body D. Dog with gastric dilatation/volvulus

B. Cat in respiratory arrest

What type of sterilization technique is not acceptable for instruments used in canine castration?

Boiling

A 2-year old bulldog presents with respiratory distress, specifically on inhalation, and stertor. What, of the following, would be the most common cause of respiratory distress in this patient?

Brachycephalic syndrome

Parathyroid hormone mostly regulates which blood value?

Calcium

Which test measures somatic cells to identify mastitis in cows?

California Mastitis Test

Which of the following tests can be used to diagnosis panleukopenia in a cat?

Canine Parvovirus snap test

When performing CPR in the neonatal calf which are the two most critical procedures to begin?

Cardiac compressions and establishing an airway

What is the term given to the end of the spinal cord?

Cauda equina

Which of the following small mammals has the longest life expectancy?

Chinchilla

Monitoring patients with IV catheters is just as critical as the techniques used to administer medications. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Choose a catheter that is small in diameter to minimize the risk of bleeding

What suture is not recommended for skin closure?

Chromic gut

Many factors can contribute to insulin resistance in pets. Which of the following can lead to insulin resistance and type II diabetes?

Chronic use of corticosteroids

Sulfasalazine is sometimes used in veterinary medicine to treat which chronic condition?

Colitis

A diet high in concentrates or grains may lead to which of the following in cattle?

Decreased rumen pH

A client would like to know what chew toy would be safest for her dog's teeth. You suggest that she is best to give "Fido" a:

Dense rubber exerciser

An 11-year old male German shepherd dog with previously diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) presents to your clinic following a dog fight. The dog is significantly aggressive and resistant to handling. What medication should NOT be used to sedate this patient?

Dexmedetomidine

What is not a potential side effect of the phenothiazine antiemetics?

Diarrhea

Hydremia refers to which of the following?

Disorder in which there is an excess of fluid in the blood

Which of the following is most commonly used to obtain a heart rate in a reptilian patient?

Doppler

Meters to measure the rate of exposure is also known as:

Dosimeter

Where would you find Anaplasma marginale

Erythrocytes of cattle

What instrument is used to detect subgingival calculus?

Explorer

Which of the following is a lentivirus?

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

Of the following, which drug is considered an aminoglycoside?

Gentamicin

In order for oxygen to diffuse from the alveoli into the capillaries, the partial pressure of the oxygen in the alveoli in the lungs must be:

Higher in the lungs than in the capillaries

A patient will develop idiogenic osmoles in response to which condition?

Hypernatremia

A urine sample with a specific gravity of less than 1.008 is considered to be which of the following?

Hyposthenuric

A client calls the hospital and indicates that a car has just hit his cat. The recommendations that should be made include:

Immediately bring the cat in to be examined by a veterinarian

Placing an endotracheal tube that is too small compared with the diameter of the trachea can cause:

Increase in airway resistance

Which of the following may be a sign of pain in dogs?

Increased heart rate

Vaccines may be given by any of the following routes, except:

Intraperitoneal

An intravenously delivered solution that distributes evenly throughout the interstitial and intravascular space is considered:

Isotonic

You are checking on a recent surgical wound and find that the tissue is slightly warmer and redder than the surrounding tissue. What is the significance of this?

It is normal, because the first stage of wound healing is inflammation

Serum electrolyte levels should be determined when evaluating the function of the:

Kidneys

Looking under a microscope at a blood smear, you see erythrocytes that are elliptical, not nucleated, and lacking central pallor. From which species was this sample most likely collected?

Llama

What is the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on the reproductive system?

Luteolysis

Sodium fluoride is the preferred anticoagulant for which of the following purposes?

Measurement of blood glucose

Which of the following is not a property associated with the local anesthetic mepivacaine?

Metabolized by the lungs

Which of the following medications would be beneficial to a patient who is being treated for an NSAID overdose?

Misoprostol

The surgeon uses this instrument to place and cut his sutures.

Olsen-Hegar needle holders

You are hooking up the anesthesia machine and place the pulse oximeter on the dog's tongue. This is to measure which of the following?

Oxygen saturation

A dog presents dragging the hindlimbs. While the doctor is pinching along the dogs back on either side of the spine, the skin twitches, causing contraction of the cutaneous trunci muscle. Which reflex specifically is being tested?

Panniculus reflex

Which of the following is a general term for giving birth that can be applied to all species?

Parturition

The technician who is involved in performing a professional dental cleaning should be capable of:

Performing assessment Periodontal debridement Polishing

A thorough physical examination should include palpation of lymph nodes. Which lymph nodes are located bilaterally between the point of the shoulder and the thoracic inlet?

Prescapular lymph nodes

False decreases in serum glucose levels can be caused by:

Prolonged contact with red blood cells before separating the serum

Which injectable medication comes in an emulsion containing egg lecithin and soybean oil?

Propofol

The goals of the nutritional management of hepatic disease include:

Providing substrates to support hepatocellular repair and regeneration Maintaining normal metabolic processes Avoiding toxic byproduct accumulation

Which of the following would be the least common side effect expected with common cancer chemotherapeutic drugs?

Pruritus

What is the name for the muscle group that includes the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius?

Quadriceps

When scaling a tooth that has a large amount of calculus, the process should occur in which order?

Remove gross dental deposits with ronguers or extraction forceps; remove residual supragingival deposits with hand instruments; use power scaler to remove remaining deposits

A complete blockage of the endotracheal tube will cause which of the following?

Respiratory acidosis

A red blood cell fragment, as might be seen from shearing of the cell by trauma in the animal with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, is known as what?

Schistoctye

Stimulation of the Vagus nerve results in which of the following?

Slowed heart rate

What canine parasite causes nodules in the esophagus, which may then become neoplastic?

Spirocirca

What type of muscle is the heart?

Striated muscle, involuntary

Infection of this parasite is via skin penetration.

Strongyloides stercoralis

Which medication is considered a gastric "band-aid"?

Sucralfate

The veterinarian you work for is referring a Cocker Spaniel for an ear canal ablation procedure. What will this procedure entail?

Surgical excision and closure of the external ear canal

Taste receptor cells are located at the tip of each taste bud. Taste receptors in dogs and cats are similar, however there are also interesting differences. For which of the following do dogs show a preference that cats do not?

Sweet

A patient under general anesthesia has become hypoxic. You suspect that the endotracheal tube might be in too far. How can you be sure?

Take an endotracheal tube with a similar outside diameter, line up the measurement numbers on the proximal end of the tube, and then lay it against the outside of the patient approximately following the route of the trachea

What amino acid does a cat require in its diet to avoid dilated cardiomyopathy?

Taurine

Why would thermal bone injury be a complication of tooth extraction?

The bur will overheat and damage the soft tissue and bone

Radiographic projections are named according to which of the following?

The direction in which the central beam anatomically enters the body parts, followed by the area of exit of the x-ray beam

Dental dysplasia is the abnormal development of teeth that involve which of the following?

The entire tooth

Which of the following options controls breathing in dogs and cats?

The level of carbon dioxide in the blood

Which of the following correctly describes the term ergonomics?

The science that studies the relationship between people and their work environments.

All of the following are important reasons to reduce the amount of dead space with drains in a wound, except:

To decrease hemostasis

What is the purpose of the condenser of a microscope?

To focus light on the object being viewed

A surgical incision into the windpipe is defined as

Tracheotomy

A dog presents with Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus (GDV), and you have tried multiple times to pass an orogastric tube to no avail. If this is not working what else can be done?

Trocharize the stomach on the right side

Arteries have relatively thick walls, which are composed of three layers. Which layer is the outermost layer?

Tunica adventitia

Which of the following are four thin, scroll-like bones that fill most of the space in the nasal cavity and are also called the nasal conchae?

Turbinates

Certain bacteria, especially staphylococcus, produce an enzyme (beta-lactamase) that destroys many penicillin drugs. Which is one of the penicillins not destroyed by beta-lactamase?

Unasyn

What is the dental formula for the adult horse (i.e. incisor-canine-premolar-molar)?

Upper: 3-1-4-3 Lower: 3-1-3-3

What incision is the most appropriate for exploratory surgery of the abdomen of a dog in which the precise location of the problem is not known?

Ventral midline

Lidocaine is primarily used to control which of the following abnormalities?

Ventricular tachycardia

Which of the following pieces of information should the technician be most aware of prior to inducing a patient for anesthesia?

When the Patient ate last

Which of the following drugs is a sedative, analgesic, and also provides muscle relaxation?

Xylazine

Which of the following types of shock may cause brick-red mucous membrane color?

septic shock

Which of the following statements regarding creatinine is false?

t is a less reliable indicator of renal function than BUN