weathering

salt wedging ​and where does it occur

- It is a physical weathering process in which salt crystals form in pore spaces on a rock;s surface and dislodge individual mineral grains within the rock. It occurs mostly in arid climates where evaporation is high and in coastal areas

frost wedging

A physical weathering process in which water trapped in an opening in a rick freezes and expands, causing the opening to grow.

Why does the top of Half Dome look flaky

Because of the process of exfoliation, a type of pressure-release jointing, is a process in which joints form parallel to the rock surface, creating sheetlike slabs of rock resembling the layers of an onion

sinkhole ​and what are some landforms that are formed by the process

It is a depression in Earth's surface resulting from the weathering of carbonate rock underground. Some landforms formed by the process are sinkhole lake and collapse sinkhole.

What is rockfall ​and where does it occur?

It is a type of mass movement in which rocks tumble off a vertical or nearly vertical cliff face. It occurs more common along roadcuts.

What is differential weathering

It is unequal weathering across a rock surface (devils tower in wyoming a column, natural arches in iran, hoodoos tall columnar rocks, canada)

debris flow

a fast-flowing slurry

mud flow

a fast-moving flow composed mostly of mud

rock slide

a landslide that consists of rocks and broken rock fragments

Chemical weathering

a process that changes the minerals in a rock through chemical reactions involving water

Define avalanche

a turbulent cloud of rock debris or snow that is mixed with air and races quickly down a steep slope

slump​

a type of mass movement in which regolith detaches and slides downslope along a spoon-shaped failure surface and comes to rest more or less as a unit.

karst​

an area dominated by the weathering of carbonate rocks, usually limestone

What factors can result in mass movement

any factor that increases the downslope force or decreases the resistance force. Examples: earthquakes, rivers and roadcuts, ground saturation, weathering, and removal of vegetation

where is the toe of the slump

at the base of the slump

physical weathering

breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces, or class, without altering the chemical makeup on the rock

mass movement

downslope movement of rock, soil, snow, or ice caused by gravity.

What factors can increase slope stability

friction and electrical charges

'Stable' slopes are unlikely to experience a

mass movement

weathering

process by which solid rock is dissolved and broken apart into smaller fragments

landslide

rapid movement of rock or debris down a steep slope

What is soil creep

the imperceptible downslope movement of soil and regolith as their volume changes in seasonal expansion-contraction cycles.

head scarp

the topmost point of detachment of the slump, and the resulting cliff

erosion

transportive rock fragments by moving water, ice or air.